{"id":21869,"date":"2025-04-23T17:04:02","date_gmt":"2025-04-23T09:04:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.7colors.vip\/?p=21869"},"modified":"2025-04-23T17:04:02","modified_gmt":"2025-04-23T09:04:02","slug":"%e5%ae%97%e5%96%80%e5%b7%b4_%e4%b8%89%e4%b8%bb%e8%a6%81%e9%81%93%e8%8b%b1%e6%96%87%e7%89%88%e5%8f%8a%e8%a7%a3%e9%87%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.7colors.vip\/?p=21869","title":{"rendered":"\u5b97\u5580\u5df4_\u4e09\u4e3b\u8981\u9053\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u53ca\u89e3\u91ca"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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\nby\u3000Tsongkapa\uff1b\u3000with\u3000a\u3000m\u3002\u3000Pabongka\u3000Rinpoche\uff1b\u3000Trs\u3002\u3000Khen\u3000Rinpoche\uff1b\u3000Geshe\u3000Lobsang\u3000Tharchin\u3000and\u3000Micheal\u3000Roach\u3000Paper\u3000Back
\n
\nMotilal\u3000Banarsidas\u3000Publishers\u3000Pvt\u3002\u3000Ltd\u3002
\nISBN\u300081\u2026208\u20261712\u20265
\n
\nPages\uff1a\u3000209
\nDimension\uff1a\u30007\u3003\u3000x\u30004\u30025\u3003
\n
\nFrom\u3000the\u3000back\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Book\uff1a
\nThe\u3000entire\u3000teachings\u3000of\u3000Buddhism\u3000explained\u3000in\u3000afew\u3000short\u3000pages\u3000by\u3000the\u3000greatestBuddhist\u3000master\u3000of\u3000ancient\u3000Middle\u3000Asia\u3002
\nThe\u3000spread\u3000of\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000of\u3000Gautama\u3000Buddha\u3000began\u3000in\u3000India\u3000over\u3000two\u3000thousand\u3000years\u3000ago\u3000and\u3000reached\u3000perhaps\u3000its\u3000highest\u3000peak\u3000in\u3000the\u3000hidden\u3000mountain\u3000kingdom\u3000of\u3000Tibet\uff1b\u3000five\u3000centuries\u3000before\u3000our\u3000time\u3002\u3000The\u3000great\u3000illuminary\u3000of\u3000this\u3000renaissance\u3000of\u3000the\u3000religion\u3000of\u3000total\u3000peace\u3000was\u3000Tsongkapa\u3000\uff081357\u3000\u2026\u30001419\uff09\u3002\u3000He\u3000inspired\u3000a\u3000movement\u3000that\u3000by\u3000the\u3000time\u3000Tibet\u3000was\u3000lost\u3000in\u30001959\u3000saw\u3000nearly\u3000a\u3000million\u3000monks\u3000living\u3000in\u3000thousands\u3000of\u3000monasteries\u3000around\u3000the\u3000country\u3002
\nTsongkapa\u3000was\u3000the\u3000greatest\u3000mentator\u3000in\u3000the\u3000history\u3000of\u3000Buddhism\u3000and\u3000wrote\u3000some\u300010\uff1b000\u3000pages\u3000in\u3000eloquent\u3000explanation\u3000of\u3000the\u3000entire\u3000range\u3000of\u3000the\u3000ancient\u3000Buddhist\u3000classics\u3002\u3000He\u3000undertook\u3000the\u3000challenge\u3000of\u3000pressing\u3000all\u3000this\u3000knowledge\u3000into\u3000a\u3000single\u3000poem\u3002\u3000The\u3000result\u3000was\u3000his\u3000famous\u3000Three\u3000Principal\u3000Paths\uff1b\u3000fourteen\u3000verses\u3000written\u3000for\u3000a\u3000favored\u3000student\u3000in\u3000a\u3000faraway\u3000land\u3002
\nTsongkapa’s\u3000masterpiece\u3000appears\u3000here\u3000with\u3000a\u3000mentary\u3000by\u3000the\u3000illustrious\u3000Pabongka\u3000Rinpoche\u3000\uff081878\u3000\u2026\u30001941\uff09\uff1b\u3000generally\u3000regarded\u3000as\u3000the\u3000foremost\u3000Tibetan\u3000teacher\u3000of\u3000Buddhism\u3000during\u3000the\u3000last\u3000century\u3002\u3000The\u3000work\u3000has\u3000been\u3000translated\u3000by\u3000Geshe\u3000Lobsang\u3000Tharchin\uff1b\u3000one\u3000of\u3000the\u3000last\u3000Buddhist\u3000masters\u3000of\u3000old\u3000Tibet\u3002
\nThe\u3000cover\u3000shows\u3000a\u3000statue\u3000of\u3000Tsongkapa\u3000known\u3000as\u3000\u3003Looks\u3000Like\u3000Me\uff1b\u3003\u3000named\u3000from\u3000Tsongkapa’s\u3000ment\u3000at\u3000the\u3000unveiling\u3000of\u3000the\u3000image\u3002\u3000The\u3000original\u3000stood\u3000in\u3000the\u3000great\u3000Jokang\u3000Temple\u3000of\u3000Lhasa\uff1b\u3000Tibet\uff1b\u3000and\u3000was\u3000destroyed\u3000during\u3000the\u3000Chinese\u3000invasion\u3000of\u30001959\u3002
\n
\nContents\uff1a
\n
\nFOREWORD
\n
\nTHE\u3000PRELIMINARIES
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000I\u3002\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000The\u3000Lama\u3000and\u3000the\u3000Word
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000II\u3002\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Why\u3000Learn\u3000the\u3000Three\u3000Principal\u3000Paths\uff1f
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000III\u3002\u3000\u3000\u3000An\u3000Offering\u3000of\u3000praise
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000IV\u3002\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000How\u3000to\u3000Take\u3000a\u3000Lama
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000V\u3002\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000A\u3000Pledge\u3000to\u3000pose\u3000the\u3000Work
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000VI\u3002\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Encouragement\u3000to\u3000study
\n
\nTHE\u3000FIRST\u3000PATH\uff1a\u3000RENUNCIATION
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000VII\u3002\u3000\u3000\u3000Why\u3000You\u3000Need\u3000Renunciation
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000VIII\u3002\u3000\u3000Stopping\u3000Desire\u3000for\u3000This\u3000Life
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000IX\u3002\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Stopping\u3000Desire\u3000for\u3000Future\u3000Lives
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000X\u3002\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000How\u3000to\u3000Know\u3000When\u3000You’ve\u3000Found\u3000Renunciation
\n
\nTHE\u3000SECOND\u3000PATH\uff1a\u3000THE\u3000WISH\u3000TO\u3000ACHIEVE\u3000ENLIGHTENMENT\u3000FOR\u3000EVERY\u3000LIVING\u3000BEING
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000XI\u3002\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Why\u3000You\u3000Need\u3000the\u3000Wish\u3000for\u3000Enlightenment
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000XII\u3002\u3000\u3000\u3000How\u3000to\u3000Develop\u3000the\u3000Wish\u3000for\u3000Enlightenment
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000XIII\u3002\u3000\u3000How\u3000to\u3000Know\u3000When\u3000You’ve\u3000Found\u3000the\u3000wish\u3000for\u3000Enlightenment
\n
\nTHE\u3000THIRD\u3000PATH\uff1a\u3000CORRECT\u3000VIEW
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000XIV\u3002\u3000\u3000\u3000Why\u3000You\u3000Need\u3000Correct\u3000View
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000XV\u3002\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000What\u3000is\u3000Correct\u3000View\uff1f
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000XVI\u3002\u3000\u3000\u3000How\u3000to\u3000Know\u3000When\u3000Your\u3000Analysis\u3000is\u3000Still\u3000Inplete
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000XVII\u3002\u3000\u3000How\u3000to\u3000Know\u3000When\u3000Your\u3000Analysis\u3000is\u3000plete
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000XVIII\u3002\u3000A\u3000Unique\u3000Teaching\u3000of\u3000the\u3000\u3003Implication\u3003\u3000School
\n
\nPRACTICE
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000XIX\u3002\u3000\u3000\u3000Put\u3000Into\u3000Practice\u3000What\u3000You\u3000Have\u3000Learned
\n
\nIN\u3000CONCLUSION
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000XX\u3002\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000The\u3000Conclusion\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Explanation
\n
\nPRAYER
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000XXI\u3002\u3000\u3000\u3000A\u3000Disciple’s\u3000Prayer
\n
\nA\u3000SECRET\u3000KEY
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000XXII\u3002\u3000\u3000A\u3000Secret\u3000Key\u3000to\u3000the\u3000Three\u3000Principal\u3000Paths
\n
\nNOTES
\nBIBLIOGRAPHY
\n
\nThree\u3000Principal\u3000Aspects\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Path
\n
\nBy\u3000Ven\u3002\u3000Denma\u3000Locho\u3000Rinpoche\uff1b\u30005th\u3000October\u30002001Denma\u3000Locho\u3000Rinpoche
\n
\nAspect\u30001\uff1a\u3000Renunciation
\nMotivation
\n
\nSo\u3000when\u3000we\u3000begin\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000with\u3000the\u3000prayer\u3000of\u3000going\u3000for\u3000refuge\u3000and\u3000then\u3000the\u3000aspiration\u3000to\u3000the\u3000highest\u3000enlightenment\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000buddhahood\u3000for\u3000the\u3000sake\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000recite\u3000the\u3000four\u2026line\u3000prayer\u3000as\u3000we\u3000have\u3000just\u3000done\u3002\u3000So\u3000within\u3000that\uff1b\u3000as\u3000you\u3000know\uff1b\u3000we\u3000should\u3000recite\uff1b\u3000’through\u3000the\u3000merit\u3000I\u3000receive\u3000by\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000listening\u3000to\u3000this\u3000teaching\uff1b\u3000may\u3000I\u3000achieve\u3000buddhahood\u3000for\u3000the\u3000sake\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings’\u3002\u3000The\u3000lama\u3000who\u3000is\u3000giving\u3000the\u3000discourse\u3000recites\u3000’through\u3000the\u3000merit\u3000I\u3000achieve\u3000through\u3000explaining\u3000the\u3000Dharma’\u3002\u3000So\u3000as\u3000we\uff1b\u3000the\u3000disciples\uff1b\u3000are\u3000not\u3000explaining\u3000the\u3000Dharma\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000needn’t\u3000recite\u3000this\uff1b\u3000so\u3000we\u3000should\u3000recite\u3000’through\u3000the\u3000merit\u3000I\u3000receive\u3000through\u3000listening\u3000to\u3000this\u3000teaching\uff1b\u3000may\u3000I\u3000achieve\u3000buddhahood\u3000for\u3000the\u3000sake\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings’\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000one\u3000of\u3000the\u3000most\u3000important\u3000things\u3000before\u3000receiving\u3000a\u3000Dharma\u3000teaching\u3000is\u3000one’s\u3000motivation\u3000for\u3000receiving\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3002\u3000So\u3000our\u3000motivation\u3000should\u3000be\u3000one\u3000that\u3000is\u3000in\u3000accordance\u3000with\u3000the\u3000Dharma\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000in\u3000accordance\u3000with\u3000the\u3000Three\u3000Jewels\u3002\u3000So\u3000what\u3000should\u3000our\u3000motivation\u3000be\uff1f\u3000Most\u3000of\u3000us\u3000already\u3000know\uff1b\u3000but\u3000it’s\u3000good\u3000to\u3000go\u3000over\u3000that\u3002\u3000One\u3000should\u3000listen\u3000to\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000with\u3000the\u3000thought\u3000’I\u3000must\u3000achieve\u3000the\u3000highest\u3000unsurpassable\u3000enlightenment\u3000for\u3000the\u3000benefit\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000in\u3000order\u3000to\u3000lead\u3000them\u3000out\u3000of\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000into\u3000one\u3000of\u3000everlasting\u3000satisfaction’\u3002\u3000So\u3000with\u3000this\u3000motivation\u3000one\u3000should\u3000then\u3000listen\u3000to\u3000the\u3000teachings\uff1b\u3000not\u3000rather\u3000with\u3000the\u3000motivation\u3000to\u3000gain\u3000fame\u3000or\u3000renown\u3000or\u3000some\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000strange\u3000blessings\uff1b\u3000rather\u3000one\u3000should\u3000adjust\u3000one’s\u3000motivation\u3000or\u3000attitude\u3000to\u3000one\u3000of\u3000achieving\u3000the\u3000highest\u3000enlightenment\u3000for\u3000the\u3000benefit\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002
\n
\nThe\u3000Benefits\u3000of\u3000Listening\u3000to\u3000the\u3000Dharma
\n
\nSo\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000this\u3000attitude\u3000or\u3000motivation\u3000for\u3000receiving\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000\u2026\u3000initially\u3000if\u3000we\u3000understand\u3000the\u3000benefits\u3000of\u3000listening\u3000to\u3000the\u3000teaching\uff1b\u3000of\u3000receiving\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000discourses\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000will\u3000willingly\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\uff1b\u3000or\u3000delight\u3000in\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000we\u3000should\u3000understand\u3000this\u3000through\u3000an\u3000example\uff1a\u3000If\u3000we\u3000are\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000some\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000worldly\u3000work\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\u3000a\u3000business\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000understand\u3000the\u3000benefits\u3000of\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000a\u3000certain\u3000business\u3000deal\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000will\u3000put\u3000a\u3000lot\u3000of\u3000effort\u3000into\u3000that\u3000business\u3000deal\uff1b\u3000we\u3000won’t\u3000have\u3000a\u3000two\u2026pointed\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000we\u3000won’t\u3000have\u3000doubt\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000that\u3000deal\u3000because\u3000we\u3000will\u3000have\u3000firstly\u3000seen\u3000the\u3000benefits\uff1b\u3000understood\u3000the\u3000actual\u3000deal\u3000itself\u3000and\u3000then\u3000engaged\u3000in\u3000that\u3000action\u3002\u3000So\u3000in\u3000the\u3000same\u3000way\u3000when\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000Buddhism\uff1b\u3000then\u3000initially\u3000one\u3000should\u3000understand\u3000the\u3000benefits\u3000of\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000practice\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000is\u3000understood\u3000through\u3000understanding\u3000a\u3000quotation\u3000from\u3000a\u3000book\u3000which\u3000talks\u3000about\u3000the\u3000benefits\u3000of\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3002\u3000So\u3000within\u3000this\u3000text\u3000then\u3000it\u3000first\u3000instructs\u3000that\u3000we\u3000should\u3000delight\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000because\u3000through\u3000this\u3000all\u3000qualities\u3000arise\u3002\u3000So\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000this\u3000is\u3000that\u3000through\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000the\u3000three\u3000higher\u3000trainings\uff1b\u3000we\u3000achieve\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000liberation\uff1b\u3000whether\u3000we\u3000are\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000a\u3000lesser\u3000vehicle\u3000practice\u3000or\u3000in\u3000a\u3000greater\u3000vehicle\u3000practice\uff1b\u3000we\u3000achieve\u3000the\u3000result\u3000which\u3000is\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000liberation\u3002\u3000Of\u3000those\u3000three\u3000higher\u3000trainings\uff1b\u3000the\u3000most\u3000important\u3000is\u3000the\u3000one\u3000of\u3000wisdom\u3002\u3000So\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000this\u3000wisdom\u3000which\u3000is\u3000crucial\u3000at\u3000the\u3000base\u3000and\u3000path\u3000and\u3000resultant\u3000level\u3000of\u3000the\u3000path\uff1b\u3000then\u3000how\u3000does\u3000this\u3000e\u3000about\uff1b\u3000how\u3000do\u3000we\u3000generate\u3000this\u3000wisdom\u3000within\u3000our\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000or\u3000within\u3000our\u3000being\uff1f\u3000We\u3000generate\u3000this\u3000through\u3000initially\u3000hearing\u3000a\u3000teaching\u3000about\u3000wisdom\u3000and\u3000then\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000that\u3000particular\u3000practice\u3002\u3000So\u3000initially\u3000then\uff1b\u3000the\u3000benefits\u3000that\u3000e\u3000about\u3000through\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000the\u3000three\u3000higher\u3000trainings\u3000\u2026\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000liberation\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3000\u2026\u3000all\u3000e\u3000about\u3000through\u3000initially\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000teaching\u3002
\n
\nThen\u3000the\u3000second\u3000line\u3000from\u3000that\u3000text\u3000goes\u3000on\u3000to\u3000say\u3000that\u3000through\u3000listening\uff1b\u3000negativity\uff1b\u3000or\u3000non\u2026virtue\uff1b\u3000is\u3000reversed\u3002\u3000So\u3000what\u3000this\u3000means\u3000is\u3000that\u3000through\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\uff1b\u3000we\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000virtuous\u3000to\u3000take\u3000up\u3000and\u3000what\u3000is\u3000non\u2026virtuous\u3000and\u3000thus\u3000what\u3000are\u3000the\u3000objects\u3000to\u3000be\u3000abandoned\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000is\u3000principally\u3000talking\u3000about\u3000the\u3000higher\u3000training\u3000of\u3000morality\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000restraint\u3000\u2026\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000’restraint’\u3000here\u3000is\u3000the\u3000subduing\u3000of\u3000negative\u3000actions\u3000or\u3000negative\u3000states\u3000of\u3000mind\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000again\u3000is\u3000something\u3000that\u3000is\u3000learned\u3000through\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3002\u3000So\u3000through\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000we\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000a\u3000negative\u3000action\u3000and\u3000how\u3000to\u3000refrain\u3000from\u3000that\u3000particular\u3000action\u3000\u2026\u3000we\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000the\u3000base\uff1b\u3000what\u3000is\u3000the\u3000motivating\u3000factor\uff1b\u3000what\u3000is\u3000the\u3000intention\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000particular\u3000action\u3000or\u3000the\u3000particular\u3000karmic\u3000deed\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000perform\u3000and\u3000then\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000the\u3000rejoicing\u3000in\u3000that\u3000action\u3000afterwards\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000don’t\u3000understand\u3000this\u3000fourfold\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000action\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000can\u3000easily\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000negative\u3000actions\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000the\u3000ripening\u3000result\u3000of\u3000those\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000negative\u3000result\u3000of\u3000those\uff1b\u3000which\u3000will\u3000inevitably\u3000e\u3000will\u3000just\u3000be\u3000something\u3000that\u3000causes\u3000us\u3000displeasure\u3000later\u3000on\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000have\u3000not\u3000heard\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000teaching\u3000about\u3000the\u3000necessity\u3000of\u3000abandoning\u3000the\u3000negative\u3000action\u3000of\u3000stealing\uff1b\u3000we\u3000might\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000stealing\uff1b\u3000through\u3000borrowing\u3000something\u3000and\u3000not\u3000returning\u3000it\uff1b\u3000or\u3000we\u3000might\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000killing\u3000through\u3000being\u3000pestered\u3000by\u3000an\u3000insect\uff1b\u3000and\u3000through\u3000this\u3000we\u3000will\u3000inevitably\u3000receive\u3000the\u3000result\u3000of\u3000such\u3000actions\u3002\u3000If\u3000we\u3000don’t\u3000want\u3000to\u3000have\u3000such\u3000unpleasant\u3000karmic\u3000results\uff1b\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000know\u3000what\u3000actions\u3000to\u3000abandon\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000only\u3000way\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000actions\u3000are\u3000to\u3000be\u3000abandoned\u3000is\u3000through\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000teachings\u3002\u3000So\u3000again\u3000here\u3000then\uff1b\u3000the\u3000praise\u3000of\u3000listening\u3000to\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000teaching\u3000is\u3000that\u3000one\u3000will\u3000know\u3000exactly\u3000what\u3000negative\u3000actions\u3000to\u3000reverse\u3000and\u3000this\u3000is\u3000only\u3000understood\u3000through\u3000initially\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000hearing\u3000a\u3000teaching\u3000upon\u3000that\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000the\u3000third\u3000line\u3000talks\u3000about\u3000the\u3000higher\u3000training\u3000of\u3000concentration\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000calm\u3000abiding\uff1b\u3000or\u3000shamatha\uff1b\u3000then\u3000this\u3000mind\u3000is\u3000one\u3000which\u3000spontaneously\u3000and\u3000effortlessly\u3000remains\u3000single\u2026pointedly\u3000upon\u3000its\u3000object\u3000of\u3000observation\u3002\u3000So\u3000let’s\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000the\u3000achieving\u3000of\u3000that\u3000state\u3000of\u3000mind\u3000\u2026\u3000what\u3000does\u3000one\u3000need\u3000to\u3000initially\u3000engage\u3000in\uff1f\u3000One\u3000needs\u3000to\u3000initially\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000the\u3000object\u3000of\u3000observation\uff1b\u3000the\u3000object\u3000upon\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000generate\u3000this\u3000si \n
\n \n
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\n
\n hich\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000generate\u3000this\u3000single\u2026pointed\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000this\u3000single\u2026pointed\u3000concentration\u3002\u3000Then\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000are\u3000the\u3000beneficial\u3000mental\u3000factors\u3000which\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000take\u3000up\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\u3000faith\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\uff1b\u3000introspection\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000Then\u3000we\u3000also\u3000need\u3000to\u3000know\u3000the\u3000objects\u3000of\u3000abandonment\u3000which\u3000are\u3000abandoned\u3000by\u3000these\u3000positive\u3000attitudes\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\u3000mental\u3000sinking\uff1b\u3000laxity\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000So\u3000when\u3000we\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000to\u3000be\u3000taken\u3000up\u3000and\u3000what\u3000is\u3000to\u3000be\u3000abandoned\u3000on\u3000this\u3000path\u3000of\u3000achieving\u3000this\u3000single\u2026pointed\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000concentration\uff1b\u3000we\u3000will\u3000be\u3000able\u3000to\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000this\u3000particular\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000achieving\u3000a\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000calm\u2026abiding\u3002\u3000So\u3000again\uff1b\u3000we\u3000only\u3000know\u3000what\u3000objects\u3000are\u3000to\u3000be\u3000taken\u3000up\u3000and\u3000what\u3000objects\u3000are\u3000to\u3000be\u3000abandoned\u3000\uff08in\u3000this\u3000case\uff1b\u3000mind\u2026states\uff09\u3000through\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000about\u3000this\u3000particular\u3000mind\u2026state\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000calm\u3000abiding\u3002\u3000Then\u3000the\u3000last\u3000line\u3000says\u3000that\u3000in\u3000essence\u3000one\u3000achieves\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000liberation\u3000through\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000when\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000having\u3000engaged\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000the\u3000three\u3000higher\u3000trainings\uff1b\u3000the\u3000natural\u3000result\u3000of\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000liberation\u3002\u3000If\u3000we\u3000look\u3000for\u3000the\u3000root\u3000cause\u3000of\u3000achieving\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000liberation\uff1b\u3000we\u3000will\u3000find\u3000that\u3000it\u3000is\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3002\u3000So\u3000initially\u3000when\u3000one\u3000engages\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\uff1b\u3000then\u3000generating\u3000the\u3000various\u3000wisdoms\u3000which\u3000arise\u3000form\u3000hearing\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000contemplating\u3000the\u3000teaching\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000meditating\u3000single\u2026pointedly\u3000on\u3000the\u3000teaching\uff1b\u3000then\u3000through\u3000having\u3000done\u3000that\u3000one\u3000generates\u3000the\u3000yogic\u3000direct\u3000perception\u3000of\u3000suchness\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000single\u2026pointed\u3000placement\u3000on\u3000that\uff1b\u3000one\u3000goes\u3000through\u3000the\u3000various\u3000stages\u3000and\u3000paths\u3000and\u3000achieves\u3000then\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000omniscience\u3002\u3000So\u3000all\u3000good\u3000qualities\u3000arise\u3000through\u3000initially\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\uff1b\u3000thus\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000is\u3000incredibly\u3000important\u3002
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\nThe\u3000Root\u3000Text
\n
\nSo\u3000after\u3000having\u3000gone\u3000through\u3000the\u3000benefits\u3000of\u3000listening\u3000to\u3000the\u3000Dharma\uff1b\u3000we\u3000should\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000listening\u3000to\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000teaching\u3002\u3000So\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000teaching\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000receive\u3000today\u3000is\u3000known\u3000as\u3000’The\u3000Three\u3000Principles\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Path’\u3002\u3000So\u3000when\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000hear\u3000about\u3000’path’\uff1b\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000’path’\uff1f\u3000In\u3000general\u3000we\u3000can\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000various\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000path\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\uff1b\u3000a\u3000road\u3000or\u3000a\u3000rail\u2026track\uff1b\u3000something\u3000which\u3000gets\u3000us\u3000from\u3000A\u3000to\u3000B\u3002\u3000However\u3000in\u3000this\u3000instance\uff1b\u3000we\u3000are\u3000not\u3000talking\u3000about\u3000a\u3000worldly\u3000path\uff1b\u3000we\u3000are\u3000rather\u3000talking\u3000about\u3000a\u3000spiritual\u3000path\uff1b\u3000and\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000here\u3000by\u3000a\u3000spiritual\u3000path\u3000is\u3000one\u3000which\u3000gets\u3000us\u3000from\u3000a\u3000spiritual\u3000A\u3000to\u3000B\uff1b\u3000travelling\u3000through\u3000the\u3000various\u3000stages\uff1b\u3000based\u3000upon\u3000the\u3000oral\u3000instructions\u3000of\u3000the\u3000past\u3000masters\uff1b\u3000the\u3000present\u3000masters\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000taking\u3000those\u3000instructions\u3000to\u3000heart\uff1b\u3000putting\u3000them\u3000into\u3000practice\uff1b\u3000and\u3000through\u3000that\u3000moving\u3000through\u3000various\u3000stages\u3000of\u3000spiritual\u3000evolution\u3002\u3000Here\u3000’principle’\u3000then\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000the\u3000main\u3000points\u3000of\u3000the\u3000path\uff1b\u3000like\u3000for\u3000example\u3000snatching\u3000the\u3000essence\u3000from\u3000what\u3000is\u3000known\u3000as\u3000the\u3000Lam\u3000Rim\u3000\uff08or\u3000the\u3000graduated\u3000stages\u3000of\u3000the\u3000path\u3000to\u3000enlightenment\uff09\u3000teachings\u3002\u3000So\u3000when\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000of\u3000these\u3000’three\u3000principles\u3000of\u3000the\u3000path’\uff1b\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000a\u3000person\u3000of\u3000smaller\uff1b\u3000middling\u3000and\u3000greater\u3000capacities\u3000and\u3000then\u3000the\u3000practices\u3000which\u3000are\u3000in\u3000mon\u3000with\u3000a\u3000person\u3000of\u3000smaller\uff1b\u3000middling\u3000and\u3000then\u3000the\u3000pinnacle\u3000practice\u3000which\u3000is\u3000unique\u3000to\u3000a\u3000person\u3000of\u3000greater\u3000capacity\u3002\u3000So\u3000within\u3000that\u3000division\u3000of\u3000three\uff1b\u3000what\u3000we\u3000find\u3000are\u3000various\u3000divisions\u3000and\u3000sub\u2026divisions\uff1b\u3000but\u3000the\u3000essence\u3000is\u3000all\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000snatched\u3000together\u3000and\u3000put\u3000in\u3000these\u3000three\u3000principles\u3000of\u3000the\u3000path\uff1b\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000go\u3000through\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000particular\u3000text\u3000was\u3000posed\u3000by\u3000Lama\u3000Tsong\u3000Khapa\u3000and\u3000it\u3000was\u3000something\u3000which\u3000he\u3000received\u3000while\u3000in\u3000munication\uff1b\u3000if\u3000you\u3000like\uff1b\u3000with\u3000Manjushri\uff1b\u3000and\u3000it\u3000is\u3000the\u3000heart\u2026essence\u3000of\u3000his\u3000practice\u3000and\u3000also\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Lam\u3000Rim\u3000genre\u3000of\u3000texts\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000was\u3000requested\u3000by\u3000a\u3000disciple\u3000of\u3000his\u3000who\u3000lived\u3000in\u3000a\u3000place\u3000called\u3000Gameron\u3000which\u3000is\u3000on\u3000the\u3000Chinese\u2026Tibetan\u3000border\u3002\u3000This\u3000monk\u3000requested\u3000him\u3000to\u3000give\u3000him\u3000some\u3000inspiring\u3000word\u3000for\u3000his\u3000practice\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000Lama\u3000Tsong\u3000Khapa\u3000wrote\u3000this\u3000to\u3000him\u3000based\u3000on\u3000the\u3000teachings\u3000he\u3000had\u3000received\u3000in\u3000the\u3000pure\u3000vision\uff1b\u3000thus\u3000we\u3000have\u3000the\u3000written\u3000form\u3000of\u3000’The\u3000Three\u3000Principles\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Path\u2019\u3002
\n
\nThe\u3000Three\u3000Principles
\n
\nSo\u3000if\u3000you\u3000ask\u3000\u2013\u3000\u2018what\u3000are\u3000these\u3000three\u3000principles\u3000of\u3000the\u3000path\uff1f\u2019\u3000Initially\u3000then\u3000it\u2019s\u3000renunciation\u3002\u3000So\u3000’renunciation’\u3000here\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000a\u3000turning\u3000away\u3000from\u3000the\u3000faults\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000and\u3000yearning\u3000or\u3000directing\u3000one\u2019s\u3000spiritual\u3000career\u3000towards\u3000liberation\u3000from\u3000such\u3000a\u3000state\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002\u3000Then\u3000the\u3000second\u3000is\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000bodhicitta\u3002\u3000This\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000a\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000for\u3000the\u3000benefit\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\uff1b\u3000through\u3000seeing\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u2019\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000strives\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000the\u3000highest\u3000state\u3000of\u3000enlightenment\u3000in\u3000order\u3000to\u3000be\u3000of\u3000maximum\u3000or\u3000optimum\u3000benefit\u3002\u3000So\u3000through\u3000seeing\u3000the\u3000faults\u3000in\u3000one\u2019s\u3000state\u3000of\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000through\u3000abandoning\u3000those\uff1b\u3000gathering\u3000all\u3000the\u3000qualities\uff1b\u3000achieving\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000omniscience\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3000\u2026\u3000this\u3000desire\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000such\u3000a\u3000state\u3000\u2026\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000bodhicitta\u3000\u2026\u3000is\u3000the\u3000second\u3000of\u3000the\u3000three\u3002\u3000Then\u3000the\u3000third\u3000of\u3000the\u3000three\u3000is\u3000what\u3000is\u3000known\u3000as\u3000the\u3000’correct\u3000view’\uff1b\u3000also\u3000known\u3000as\u3000’wisdom’\u3002\u3000’Wisdom’\u3000here\u3000then\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000the\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000abiding\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\u3000the\u3000middle\u3000way\u3000view\u3000\u2026\u3000’middle\u3000way’\u3000here\u3000being\u3000a\u3000middle\u3000way\u3000between\u3000the\u3000two\u3000extremes\u3000of\u3000annihilation\u3000and\u3000permanence\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000correct\u3000view\u3000of\u3000reality\u3000then\u3000is\u3000the\u3000third\u3000of\u3000the\u3000three\u3000principal\u3000aspects\u3000of\u3000the\u3000path\u3002
\n
\nProstration
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\nSo\u3000then\u3000initially\u3000we\u3000have\u3000the\u3000prostration\u3000and\u3000then\u3000the\u3000promise\u3000to\u3000pose\u3000the\u3000text\u3002\u3000So\u3000initially\u3000then\u3000we\u3000have\u3000the\u3000first\u3000line\u3000of\u3000the\u3000text\uff1a
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\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000I\u3000bow\u3000down\u3000to\u3000the\u3000venerable\u3000lamas\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000we\u3000should\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000this\u3000prostration\u3000\u2026\u3000who\u3000is\u3000the\u3000object\u3000towards\u3000which\u3000the\u3000author\u3000is\u3000making\u3000this\u3000prostration\uff1f\u3000It\u3000is\u3000the\u3000field\u3000of\u3000merit\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000field\u3000upon\u3000which\u3000the\u3000prostrator\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000one\u3000making\u3000the\u3000supplication\uff1b\u3000receives\u3000the\u3000maximum\u3000amount\u3000of\u3000merit\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000one’s\u3000spiritual\u3000mentor\uff1b\u3000or\u3000one’s\u3000lama\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000then\u3000the\u3000prostration\u3000is\u3000made\u3000to\u3000the\u3000venerable\u3000lamas\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000then\u3000we\u3000should\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000’venerable\u3000lamas’\u3000by\u3000looking\u3000at\u3000the\u3000Tibetan\u3000word\u3002\u3000If\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000etymology\u3000of\u3000\uff07Tib\uff07\u3000\u2026\u3000the\u3000first\u3000part\u3000\uff07Tib\uff07\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000the\u3000lama\u3000having\u3000heard\u3000a\u3000lot\u3000of\u3000teaching\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000lama\u3000is\u3000very\u3000knowledgeable\u3000about\u3000the\u3000Buddhist\u3000practice\u3002\u3000Then\u3000the\u3000second\u3000part\u3000of\u3000that\u3000word\u3000\uff07Tib\uff07\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000not\u3000only\u3000having\u3000heard\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000but\u3000then\u3000has\u3000acplished\uff1b\u3000or\u3000has\u3000gained\u3000realisation\u3000of\uff1b\u3000that\u3000teaching\u3000through\u3000putting\u3000it\u3000into\u3000practice\u3000in\u3000a\u3000faultless\u3000fashion\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000then\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000the\u3000level\u3000of\u3000realisation\u3000of\u3000the\u3000lama\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000then\u3000\uff07Tib\uff07\u3000together\u3000refer\u3000to\u3000the\u3000lama’s\u3000knowledge\u3000and\u3000then\u3000the\u3000realisation\u3000of\u3000that\u3000knowledge\u3002\u3000Then\u3000the\u3000third\u3000word\u3000’lama’\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000meaning\u3000of\u3000this\u3000word\uff1b\u3000what\u3000we\u3000find\u3000is\u3000that\u3000it\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000the\u3000highest\uff1b\u3000or\u3000that\u3000of\u3000which\u3000there\u3000is\u3000none\u3000higher\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000name\u3000given\u3000to\u3000one’s\u3000spiritual\u3000master\u3000with\u3000whom\u3000there\u3000is\u3000none\u3000higher\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000knowledge\u3000of\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000and\u3000the\u3000realisation\u3000of\u3000that\u3000teaching\u3002\u3000So\u3000thus\u3000we\u3000have\u3000\uff07Tib\uff07\u3002\u3000In\u3000Tibetan\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000the\u3000plural\u3000\uff07Tib\uff07\u3000\u2026\u3000so\u3000\uff07Tib\uff07\u3000here\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000the\u3000various\u3000lamas\u3000of\u3000the\u3000various\u3000lineages\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000of\u3000the\u3000profound\u3000lineage\uff1b\u3000of\u3000the\u3000vast\u3000lineage\uff1b\u3000there\u3000are\u3000many\u3000what\u3000we\u3000call\u3000’lineage\u3000lamas’\u3002\u3000So\u3000through\u3000saying\u3000’I\u3000bow\u3000down\u3000to\u3000the\u3000venerable\u3000lamas’\u3000\u2026\u3000using\u3000the\u3000plural\uff1b\u3000the\u3000author\u3000is\u3000showing\u3000his\u3000willingness\u3000to\u3000bow\u3000down\u3000before\u3000all\u3000the\u3000lamas\u3000of\u3000the\u3000lineage\u3000and\u3000in\u3000particular\u3000then\u3000his\u3000principal\u3000teachers\u3002
\n
\nThe\u3000Promise\u3000to\u3000pose\u3000the\u3000Text
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000we\u3000have\u3000now\u3000reached\u3000the\u3000first\u3000stanza\u3000which\u3000is\u3000the\u3000promise\u3000of\u3000position\uff1b\u3000so\u3000I\u3000will\u3000read\u3000from\u3000the\u3000root\u3000text\uff1a
\n
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000I\u3000will\u3000explain\u3000as\u3000well\u3000as\u3000I\u3000am\u3000able
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000the\u3000essence\u3000of\u3000all\u3000the\u3000teachings\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Conqueror\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000the\u3000path\u3000praised\u3000by\u3000the\u3000Conqueror’s\u3000offspring\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000the\u3000entrance\u3000for\u3000the\u3000fortunate\u3000ones\u3000who\u3000desire\u3000liberation\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000here\u3000when\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000’the\u3000teachings\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Conqueror’\uff1b\u3000the\u3000’Conqueror’\u3000here\u3000then\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000the\u3000Fully\u3000Enlightened\u3000One\uff1b\u3000the\u3000Buddha\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000’the\u3000essence\u3000of\u3000the\u3000teachings’\u3000here\u3000\u2026\u3000whether\u3000it\u3000be\u3000the\u3000various\u3000sutras\u3000or\u3000the\u3000various\u3000teachings\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Secret\u3000Mantra\u3000and\u3000the\u3000fourfold\u3000division\u3000therein\uff1b\u3000the\u3000essential\u3000part\u3000of\u3000all\u3000of\u3000this\u3000is\u3000what\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000be\u3000explained\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000then\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3002\u3000It\u3000wasn’t\u3000that\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3000just\u3000gave\u3000a\u3000teaching\u3000and\u3000then\u3000everybody\u3000had\u3000to\u3000follow\u3000that\u3000teaching\u3002\u3000Rather\uff1b\u3000as\u3000is\u3000mentioned\u3000by\u3000Nagarjuna\u3000in\u3000the\u3000’recious\u3000Garland’\uff1b\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3000teaches\u3000as\u3000a\u3000grammarian\u3000instructs\u3000his\u3000pupils\u3002\u3000That\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000a\u3000grammarian\u3000doesn’t\u3000just\u3000teach\u3000advanced\u3000grammar\u3000to\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3000\uff07end\u3000of\u3000side\u3000\u2026\u3000tape\u3000breaks\u3000here\uff07
\n
\nRenunciation
\n
\n\u2026initially\u3000then\u3000one\u3000would\u3000learn\u3000the\u3000alphabet\uff1b\u3000so\u3000you\u3000would\u3000learn\u3000the\u3000basic\u3000Tibetan\u3000grammar\u3000like\u3000\uff07Tib\uff07\uff1b\u3000or\u3000in\u3000English\u3000’A\uff1b\u3000B\uff1b\u3000C’\uff1b\u3000then\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000that\u3000you\u3000would\u3000learn\u3000how\u3000to\u3000form\u3000words\u3000and\u3000then\u3000sentences\u3000and\u3000then\u3000advance\u3000up\u3000into\u3000advanced\u3000grammar\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000So\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3000taught\u3000his\u3000disciples\u3000in\u3000much\u3000the\u3000same\u3000way\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000in\u3000a\u3000method\u3000which\u3000would\u3000lead\u3000them\u3000along\u3000a\u3000path\u3002\u3000So\u3000’path’\u3000here\u3000then\u3000is\u3000referring\u3000initially\u3000to\u3000renunciation\u3002\u3000So\u3000there\u3000are\u3000two\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000renunciation\u3000which\u3000are\u3000mentioned\u3000\u2026\u3000one\u3000is\u3000to\u3000turn\u3000one’s\u3000attention\u3000away\u3000from\u3000this\u3000life\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\u3000and\u3000towards\u3000one’s\u3000future\u3000lives\uff1b\u3000then\u3000to\u3000turn\u3000one’s\u3000mind\u3000even\u3000away\u3000from\u3000future\u3000lives\u3000and\u3000put\u3000one’s\u3000mind\u3000in\u3000a\u3000state\u3000where\u3000one\u3000wishes\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000liberation\u3000from\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002\u3000So\u3000thus\u3000then\u3000there\u3000is\u3000turning\u3000away\u3000from\u3000this\u3000life\u3000and\u3000then\u3000turning\u3000away\u3000from\u3000future\u3000lives\uff1b\u3000thus\u3000two\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000turning\u3000away\uff1b\u3000 \n
\n \n
\n
\n
\n urning\u3000away\u3000from\u3000this\u3000life\u3000and\u3000then\u3000turning\u3000away\u3000from\u3000future\u3000lives\uff1b\u3000thus\u3000two\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000turning\u3000away\uff1b\u3000and\u3000these\u3000are\u3000taught\u3000in\u3000stages\u3000to\u3000the\u3000aspiring\u3000disciples\u3002\u3000In\u3000essence\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000say\u3000that\u3000the\u3000Buddhist\u3000teachings\u3000are\u3000taught\u3000as\u3000a\u3000method\u3000to\u3000subdue\u3000one’s\u3000unruly\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000to\u3000subdue\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000which\u3000we\u3000find\u3000therein\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000to\u3000develop\u3000the\u3000spiritual\u3000qualities\u3000on\u3000top\u3000of\u3000that\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000is\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000’the\u3000essence\u3000of\u3000all\u3000the\u3000teachings\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Conqueror’\uff1b\u3000and\u3000here\u3000’Conqueror’\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000having\u3000conquered\u3000all\u3000others\uff1b\u3000thus\u3000the\u3000Fully\u3000Enlightened\u3000One\u3002
\n
\nBodhicitta
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000the\u3000second\u3000line\u3000of\u3000’The\u3000Three\u3000Principle\u3000Teachings\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Path’\u3000\uff08which\u3000is\u3000the\u3000first\u3000in\u3000Tibetan\uff09\u3000talks\u3000about\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000renunciation\u3002\u3000The\u3000third\u3000in\u3000English\u3000\uff08and\u3000the\u3000second\u3000in\u3000Tibetan\uff09\u3000\u2026\u3000’the\u3000path\u3000praised\u3000by\u3000the\u3000Conqueror’s\u3000offspring’\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000then\u3000let\u3000us\u3000have\u3000a\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000word\u3000’Conqueror’s\u3000offspring’\u3002\u3000Here\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000read\u3000from\u3000the\u3000Tibetan\u3000it\u3000says\u3000the\u3000holy\u3000Conqueror’s\u3000offspring\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000exalted\u3000Conqueror’s\u3000offspring\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000word\u3000’exalted’\u3000means\u3000that\u3000a\u3000person\u3000in\u3000whose\u3000mental\u3000continuum\uff1b\u3000or\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000the\u3000wish\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000full\u3000awakening\u3000for\u3000the\u3000benefit\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000has\u3000arisen\uff1b\u3000bees\u3000a\u3000superior\u3000individual\uff1b\u3000thus\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000a\u3000holy\u3000individual\u3002\u3000At\u3000that\u3000moment\u3000of\u3000generating\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000aspiring\u3000to\u3000the\u3000highest\u3000enlightenment\u3000for\u3000the\u3000benefit\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\uff1b\u3000a\u3000lot\u3000of\u3000negative\u3000karma\u3000is\u3000destroyed\uff1b\u3000and\u3000that\u3000person\u3000then\u3000bees\u3000what\u3000is\u3000known\u3000as\u3000one\u3000of\u3000the\u3000’Conqueror’s\u3000offspring’\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000son\u3000or\u3000daughter\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Victorious\u3000One\u3002\u3000This\u3000is\u3000mentioned\u3000quite\u3000clearly\u3000in\u3000Shantideva’s\u3000book\u3000called\u3000’The\u3000Bodhicharyavatara’\u3000where\u3000it\u3000says\u3000that\u3000just\u3000through\u3000having\u3000given\u3000rise\u3000to\u3000this\uff1b\u3000no\u3000matter\u3000what\u3000caste\u3000one\u3000is\u3000born\u3000to\uff1b\u3000one\u3000bees\u3000renowned\u3000as\u3000the\u3000son\u3000or\u3000the\u3000daughter\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Victorious\u3000One\u3002\u3000So\u3000no\u3000matter\u3000what\u3000caste\u3000or\u3000what\u3000colour\u3000one\u3000might\u3000be\uff1b\u3000one\u3000is\u3000equal\u3000in\u3000the\u3000sense\u3000that\u3000one\u3000will\u3000be\u3000equally\u3000regarded\uff1b\u3000through\u3000having\u3000given\u3000rise\u3000to\u3000this\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000as\u3000the\u3000offspring\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Victorious\u3000One\u3002\u3000This\u3000mind\u3000then\u3000is\u3000one\u3000is\u3000which\u3000is\u3000extremely\u3000important\u3000and\u3000its\u3000importance\u3000cannot\u3000be\u3000overestimated\u3000because\u3000through\u3000this\u3000mind\u3000one\u3000achieves\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000buddhahood\uff1b\u3000and\u3000if\u3000one\u3000doesn’t\u3000have\u3000this\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000if\u3000one\u3000hasn\u2019t\u3000given\u3000rise\u3000to\u3000this\u3000thought\uff1b\u3000then\u3000no\u3000matter\u3000what\u3000practice\u3000one\u3000engages\u3000in\uff1b\u3000one\u3000will\u3000not\u3000e\u3000any\u3000closer\u3000to\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000omniscience\u3002
\n
\nCorrect\u3000View
\n
\nThen\u3000the\u3000next\u3000line\u3000reads\u3000’the\u3000entrance\u3000for\u3000the\u3000fortunate\u3000ones\u3000who\u3000desire\u3000liberation’\u3002\u3000So\u3000’fortunate\u3000ones’\u3000here\u3000then\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000those\u3000who\u3000are\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000the\u3000Buddhist\u3000practice\u3000\u2026\u3000fortunate\u3000in\u3000the\u3000sense\u3000that\u3000we\u3000have\u3000bee\u3000into\u3000contact\u3000with\u3000the\u3000Buddha’s\u3000teaching\u3000and\u3000are\u3000able\u3000to\u3000put\u3000them\u3000into\u3000practice\uff1b\u3000and\u3000in\u3000particular\uff1b\u3000fortunate\u3000in\u3000the\u3000sense\u3000that\u3000we\u3000have\u3000e\u3000into\u3000contact\u3000with\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000of\u3000the\u3000greater\u3000vehicle\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000Mahayana\u3000teaching\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000sentence\u3000is\u3000describing\u3000the\u3000third\u3000of\u3000the\u3000three\u3000principles\u3000of\u3000the\u3000path\u3000which\u3000is\u3000correct\u3000view\uff1b\u3000correct\u3000view\u3000of\u3000reality\u3002\u3000Because\u3000as\u3000the\u3000line\u3000says\uff1b\u3000’the\u3000entrance\u3000for\u3000the\u3000fortunate\u3000ones\u3000who\u3000desire\u3000liberation’\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000then\u3000’desire\u3000liberation’\u3000\u2026\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000’liberation’\u3000and\u3000how\u3000does\u3000this\u3000sentence\u3000teach\u3000us\u3000about\u3000the\u3000correct\u3000view\u3000of\u3000reality\uff1f\u3000Here\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000’liberation’\u3002\u3000So\u3000liberation\u3000then\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000a\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000release\u3000or\u3000an\u3000escape\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000there\u3000is\u3000a\u3000release\uff1b\u3000something\u3000has\u3000to\u3000loosen\u3000so\u3000we\u3000can\u3000escape\u3000from\u3000it\uff1b\u3000or\u3000if\u3000there\u3000is\u3000an\u3000escape\u3000there\u3000has\u3000to\u3000be\u3000something\u3000from\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000escape\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000then\u3000what\u3000we\u3000are\u3000escaping\u3000from\u3000or\u3000loosening\u3000and\u3000then\u3000getting\u3000away\u3000from\u3000is\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000action\uff1b\u3000or\u3000karma\u3002\u3000So\u3000these\u3000are\u3000the\u3000two\u3000fetters\u3000which\u3000bind\u3000us\u3000to\u3000the\u3000wheel\uff1b\u3000or\u3000cycle\uff1b\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002\u3000So\u3000it\u3000is\u3000only\u3000through\u3000removing\u3000ourselves\u3000from\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000action\u3000that\u3000one\u3000is\u3000able\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000liberation\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000think\u3000about\u3000what\u3000the\u3000cause\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000karma\u3000is\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000say\u3000that\u3000the\u3000root\u3000of\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000of\u3000cyclic\u3000existence\u3000\uff08that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000then\u3000the\u3000action\u3000which\u3000is\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000through\u3000them\uff09\u3000is\u3000grasping\u3000at\u3000a\u3000truly\u3000existent\u3000or\u3000self\u2026existent\u3000self\u3000or\u3000’I’\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000if\u3000one\u3000wants\u3000to\u3000reverse\u3000this\u3000root\uff1b\u3000one\u3000needs\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000how\u3000this\u3000root\u3000is\u3000baseless\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000how\u3000phenomena\u3000actually\u3000exist\u3000and\u3000how\uff1b\u3000perceiving\u3000them\u3000in\u3000a\u3000wrong\u3000way\uff1b\u3000we\u3000develop\u3000these\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000having\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000these\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\uff1b\u3000we\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000action\uff1b\u3000the\u3000result\u3000of\u3000which\u3000is\u3000the\u3000wheel\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\u3002\u3000If\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000action\u3000and\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000themselves\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000find\u3000that\u3000the\u3000strongest\u3000of\u3000the\u3000two\u3000is\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3002\u3000If\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000find\u3000in\u3000the\u3000various\u3000college\u3000text\u3000books\u3000that\u3000there\u3000are\u3000two\u3000kinds\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000root\u3000and\u3000then\u3000the\u3000secondary\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\uff1b\u3000but\u3000whether\u3000it\u3000be\u3000root\u3000or\u3000secondary\uff1b\u3000these\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000are\u3000emotions\u3000which\u3000cause\u3000us\u3000to\u3000have\u3000an\u3000unpeaceful\u3000or\u3000disturbed\u3000mind\u3002\u3000So\u3000those\u3000states\u3000of\u3000mind\u3000are\u3000those\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000seeking\u3000to\u3000abandon\u3000through\u3000uprooting\u3000the\u3000root\u3000of\u3000those\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000wrong\u3000view\u3002\u3000So\u3000that\u3000which\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000uproot\u3000the\u3000wrong\u3000view\u3000is\u3000the\u3000correct\u3000view\u3000which\u3000is\u3000taught\u3000here\u3000in\u3000the\u3000third\u3000line\u3000\u2026\u3000’the\u3000entrance\u3000for\u3000the\u3000fortunate\u3000ones\u3000who\u3000desire\u3000liberation’\u3002\u3000’Entrance’\u3000here\u3000then\u3000referring\u3000to\u3000the\u3000path\u3000which\u3000one\u3000has\u3000to\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000if\u3000one\u3000wants\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000liberation\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\uff1b\u3000the\u3000removal\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000the\u3000actions\u3000which\u3000e\u3000about\u3000through\u3000that\u3002
\n
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\n
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u3000of\u3000dust\u3000which\u3000I\u3000have\u3000on\u3000my\u3000fingertip\u3000symbolises\u3000those\u3000beings\u3000in\u3000the\u3000pleasurable\u3000states\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000states\u3000of\u3000bliss\uff1b\u3000whereas\u3000all\u3000the\u3000other\u3000grains\u3000of\u3000sand\u3000and\u3000dust\u3000which\u3000are\u3000on\u3000the\u3000face\u3000of\u3000the\u3000earth\u3000resemble\u3000those\u3000who\u3000are\u3000in\u3000the\u3000unfortunate\u3000states\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000states\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3000and\u3000misery’\u3002\u3000So\u3000through\u3000that\u3000example\u3000we\u3000can\u3000see\u3000that\u3000having\u3000an\u3000existence\u3000which\u3000is\u3000within\u3000this\u3000fingertip\u3000of\u3000dust\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000in\u3000the\u3000realms\u3000of\u3000bliss\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000higher\u3000realms\uff1b\u3000is\u3000something\u3000extremely\u3000difficult\u3000to\u3000achieve\uff1b\u3000whereas\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000all\u3000around\u3000us\u3000it’s\u3000impossible\u3000even\u3000to\u3000count\u3000the\u3000amount\u3000of\u3000dust\u3000one\u3000might\u3000e\u3000into\u3000contact\u3000with\u3000in\u3000the\u3000street\uff1b\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000pletely\u3000uncountable\u3002\u3000Then\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000cause\uff1b\u3000the\u3000cause\u3000is\u3000principally\u3000to\u3000guard\u3000ethical\u3000behaviour\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000root\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000this\u3000needs\u3000to\u3000be\u3000supplemented\u3000with\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000the\u3000six\u3000perfections\u3000and\u3000plemented\u3000by\u3000stainless\u3000prayers\u3002\u3000So\u3000we\u3000might\u3000think\u3000that\u3000if\u3000we\u3000don’t\u3000keep\u3000virtuous\u3000or\u3000ethical\u3000behaviour\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000the\u3000six\u3000perfections\u3000we\u3000may\u3000achieve\u3000some\u3000higher\u3000existence\u3000as\u3000a\u3000human\uff1b\u3000but\u3000as\u3000Nagarjuna\u3000mentions\u3000in\u3000his\u3000book\uff1b\u3000what\u3000we\u3000find\u3000is\u3000that\u3000wealth\u3000es\u3000about\u3000through\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000the\u3000perfection\u3000of\u3000giving\uff1b\u3000while\u3000the\u3000states\u3000of\u3000bliss\u3000\uff08that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000higher\u3000realms\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000humans\uff1b\u3000gods\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\uff09\u3000e\u3000about\u3000through\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000ethical\u3000conduct\u3002\u3000This\u3000is\u3000mented\u3000upon\u3000by\u3000Chandrakirti\u3000in\u3000his\u3000book\u3000’Entrance\u3000to\u3000the\u3000Middle\u3000Way’\u3000when\u3000he\u3000says\u3000that\u3000through\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000generosity\uff1b\u3000it\u3000doesn’t\u3000necessarily\u3000follow\u3000that\u3000one\u3000will\u3000be\u3000reborn\u3000in\u3000the\u3000states\u3000of\u3000bliss\u3000\uff08that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000in\u3000the\u3000higher\u3000states\u3000of\u3000existence\uff09\uff1b\u3000because\u3000even\u3000if\u3000one\u3000engages\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000giving\uff1b\u3000if\u3000one\u3000doesn\u2019t\u3000protect\u3000one’s\u3000ethical\u3000behaviour\u3000one\u3000may\u3000be\u3000reborn\u3000as\u3000a\u3000spirit\u3000which\u3000is\u3000quite\u3000wealthy\u3000or\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\uff1b\u3000a\u3000snake\u3000spirit\uff1b\u3000a\u3000naga\u3000spirit\uff1b\u3000which\u3000is\u3000well\u2026renowned\u3000for\u3000having\u3000plentiful\u3000jewels\u3002\u3000Having\u3000wealth\u3000or\u3000jewels\u3000in\u3000that\u3000instance\u3000es\u3000about\u3000through\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000generosity\uff1b\u3000however\uff1b\u3000that\u3000individual\u3000hasn’t\u3000engaged\u3000correctly\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000the\u3000protection\u3000of\u3000morality\uff1b\u3000therefore\u3000hasn’t\u3000achieved\u3000the\u3000status\u3000of\u3000humans\u3000or\u3000gods\u3000\uff08that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\u3000the\u3000realms\u3000of\u3000bliss\uff09\u3000through\u3000the\u3000very\u3000fact\u3000of\u3000not\u3000protecting\u3000the\u3000cause\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\uff1b\u3000ethical\u3000behaviour\u3002\u3000So\u3000through\u3000contemplating\u3000these\u3000things\u3000we\u3000can\u3000e\u3000to\u3000see\u3000how\u3000the\u3000precious\u3000human\u3000existence\u3000which\u3000we\u3000now\u3000have\u3000in\u3000our\u3000hands\u3000is\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000not\u3000only\u3000more\u3000useful\u3000than\u3000a\u3000wish\u2026fulfilling\u3000gem\uff1b\u3000but\u3000is\u3000also\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000incredibly\u3000difficult\u3000to\u3000e\u3000by\u3002\u3000
\n\u3000
\n\u3000Contemplation\u3000on\u3000Death
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000through\u3000these\u3000contemplations\u3000of\u3000one’s\u3000precious\u3000human\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000one\u3000abandons\u3000all\u3000non\u2026beneficial\u3000action\u3002\u3000Then\u3000through\u3000contemplating\u3000how\u3000difficult\u3000it\u3000is\u3000to\u3000find\u3000such\u3000a\u3000human\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000one\u3000will\u3000seek\u3000out\u3000what\u3000will\u3000take\u3000the\u3000essence\u3000of\u3000this\u3000precious\u3000human\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000one\u3000will\u3000put\u3000a\u3000lot\u3000of\u3000effort\u3000into\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000through\u3000seeing\u3000that\u3000one\u3000has\u3000in\u3000one’s\u3000hands\u3000the\u3000incredible\u3000opportunity\u3000to\u3000make\u3000use\u3000of\u3000this\u3000life\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000the\u3000preciousness\u3000of\u3000one’s\u3000life\u3000won’t\u3000be\u3000carried\u3000off\u3000by\u3000the\u3000thief\u3000of\u3000laziness\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000that\u3000this\u3000precious\u3000human\u3000life\u3000which\u3000we\u3000have\u3000is\u3000not\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000last\u3000forever\u3000\u2026\u3000at\u3000some\u3000point\u3000there\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000be\u3000the\u3000separation\u3000of\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000and\u3000the\u3000body\u3002\u3000So\u3000when\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000having\u3000a\u3000life\u2026force\u3000within\u3000us\uff1b\u3000this\u3000life\u2026force\u3000is\u3000basically\u3000referring\u3000to\u3000one’s\u3000physical\u3000body\u3000and\u3000one’s\u3000mind\u3000being\u3000joined\u3000together\uff1b\u3000so\u3000that\u3000when\u3000this\u3000joining\u3000of\u3000these\u3000two\u3000aggregates\u3000is\u3000broken\uff1b\u3000this\u3000is\u3000what\u3000is\u3000known\u3000as\u3000’death’\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000separation\u3000of\u3000the\u3000life\u2026force\u3002\u3000So\u3000when\u3000this\u3000occurs\uff1b\u3000one’s\u3000physical\u3000form\u3000remains\u3000and\u3000is\u3000buried\u3000or\u3000whatever\u3000and\u3000then\u3000aggregate\u3000of\u3000consciousness\u3000goes\u3000on\u3000to\u3000one’s\u3000future\u3000existence\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000is\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000’death’\uff1b\u3000and\u3000this\u3000is\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000definitely\u3000going\u3000to\u3000happen\u3000to\u3000all\u3000of\u3000us\u3002\u3000Now\u3000death\u3000is\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000definitely\u3000going\u3000to\u3000happen\u3000to\u3000all\u3000of\u3000us\uff1b\u3000but\u3000the\u3000time\u3000of\u3000our\u3000death\u3000is\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000not\u3000sure\uff1b\u3000not\u3000definite\u3002\u3000If\u3000it\u3000were\u3000definite\u3000then\u3000we\u3000could\u3000mark\u3000it\u3000on\u3000the\u3000calendar\u3000and\u3000then\u3000just\u3000practice\u3000a\u3000bit\u3000beforehand\uff1b\u3000but\u3000however\u3000that\u3000is\u3000not\u3000the\u3000case\u3000\u2026\u3000we\u3000could\u3000pass\u3000away\u3000at\u3000any\u3000time\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000being\u3000the\u3000case\uff1b\u3000we\u3000should\u3000really\u3000strive\u3000to\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000while\u3000we\u3000have\u3000the\u3000chance\u3000to\u3000do\u3000that\u3002\u3000Then\u3000the\u3000third\u3000contemplation\u3000on\u3000death\u3000is\u3000that\u3000nothing\u3000is\u3000of\u3000any\u3000use\u3000to\u3000us\u3000at\u3000the\u3000time\u3000of\u3000death\u3000apart\u3000from\u3000the\u3000amount\u3000of\u3000time\u3000we\u3000have\u3000engaged\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3002\u3000The\u3000reason\u3000for\u3000this\u3000is\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000our\u3000predicament\u3000\u2026\u3000when\u3000we\u3000are\u3000dying\uff1b\u3000no\u3000matter\u3000how\u3000rich\u3000we\u3000are\uff1b\u3000all\u3000our\u3000wealth\u3000gets\u3000left\u3000behind\uff1b\u3000no\u3000matter\u3000how\u3000many\u3000friends\u3000or\u3000associates\u3000we\u3000have\uff1b\u3000they\u3000all\u3000get\u3000left\u3000behind\uff1b\u3000even\u3000our\u3000body\u3000which\u3000we\u3000have\u3000striven\u3000so\u3000hard\u3000to\u3000protect\u3000and\u3000adorn\u3000and\u3000make\u3000look\u3000beautiful\u3000\u2026\u3000this\u3000at\u3000the\u3000time\u3000of\u3000death\u3000gets\u3000left\u3000behind\uff1b\u3000and\u3000all\u3000that\u3000goes\u3000on\u3000to\u3000the\u3000future\u3000existence\u3000is\u3000the\u3000aggregate\u3000of\u3000one’s\u3000mind\u3000and\u3000the\u3000amount\u3000of\u3000positive\u3000potential\u3000and\u3000Dharma\u3000practice\u3000which\u3000one\u3000has\u3000imprinted\u3000upon\u3000the\u3000aggregate\u3000of\u3000one’s\u3000consciousness\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000we\u3000should\u3000contemplate\u3000that\u3000not\u3000only\u3000do\u3000we\u3000have\u3000this\u3000precious\u3000human\u3000existence\u3000which\u3000is\u3000difficult\u3000to\u3000find\u3000and\u3000has\u3000great\u3000meaning\uff1b\u3000but\u3000we\u3000should\u3000strive\u3000to\u3000put\u3000this\u3000into\u3000use\u3000through\u3000contemplating\u3000the\u3000great\u3000purpose\u3000of\u3000human\u3000life\u3000and\u3000how\u3000difficult\u3000it\u3000is\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000that\uff1b\u3000through\u3000contemplating\u3000that\u3000we\u3000are\u3000definitely\u3000going\u3000to\u3000die\uff1b\u3000that\u3000the\u3000time\u3000of\u3000our\u3000death\u3000is\u3000uncertain\uff1b\u3000and\u3000that\u3000the\u3000only\u3000thing\u3000that\u3000will\u3000be\u3000of\u3000any\u3000use\u3000to\u3000us\u3000at\u3000the\u3000time\u3000of\u3000death\u3000is\u3000how\u3000much\u3000Dharma\u3000practice\u3000we\u3000have\u3000done\u3000in\u3000our\u3000life\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000the\u3000second\u3000line\u3000then\uff1a
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\nSo\u3000here\u3000what\u3000we\u3000are\u3000advised\u3000to\u3000do\u3000is\u3000to\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practices\u3000which\u3000we\u3000have\u3000gone\u3000through\u3000\u2026\u3000contemplating\u3000the\u3000preciousness\u3000of\u3000one’s\u3000human\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000how\u3000it\u3000is\u3000something\u3000difficult\u3000to\u3000e\u3000by\u3000and\u3000has\u3000great\u3000meaning\u3000and\u3000that\u3000it\u3000is\u3000not\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000last\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000is\u3000something\u3000that\u3000is\u3000at\u3000some\u3000point\u3000going\u3000to\u3000pass\u3000away\u3002\u3000So\u3000through\u3000these\u3000contemplations\uff1b\u3000we\u3000e\u3000to\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000reversing\u3000attraction\u3000to\u3000this\u3000life\u3002\u3000The\u3000sign\u3000of\u3000this\u3000is\u3000that\u3000we\u3000do\u3000not\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000any\u3000worldly\u3000actions\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000actions\u3000which\u3000will\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000a\u3000result\u3000in\u3000this\u3000life\uff1b\u3000rather\u3000we\u3000are\u3000striving\u3000to\u3000utilise\u3000all\u3000our\u3000time\u3000to\u3000generate\u3000positive\u3000potential\u3000and\u3000positive\u3000Dharma\u3000training\u3000that\u3000will\u3000be\u3000of\u3000use\u3000to\u3000us\u3000in\u3000future\u3000lives\u3002\u3000So\u3000once\u3000that\u3000has\u3000been\u3000developed\u3000fully\u3000within\u3000us\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000be\u3000said\u3000to\u3000be\u3000on\u3000our\u3000way\u3000with\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000which\u3000is\u3000in\u3000mon\u3000with\u3000an\u3000individual\u3000of\u3000lesser\u3000capacity\u3002\u3000Then\u3000we\u3000should\u3000try\u3000to\u3000emulate\u3000the\u3000great\u3000Kadampa\u3000geshe\u3000Potowa\u3000who\u3000used\u3000to\u3000spend\u3000all\u3000his\u3000time\u3000engaged\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000meditation\u3000or\u3000explaining\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000or\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000different\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000practice\u3002\u3000He\u3000was\u3000continually\u3000meditating\uff1b\u3000reading\u3000Dharma\uff1b\u3000explaining\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000\u2026\u3000he\u3000wasn’t\u3000an \n
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\n ing\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000\u2026\u3000he\u3000wasn’t\u3000an\u3000individual\u3000like\u3000us\u3000who\u3000runs\u3000around\u3000doing\u3000this\u3000and\u3000that\uff1b\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000had\u3000just\u3000put\u3000his\u3000mind\u3000solely\u3000into\u3000Dharma\u3000practice\uff1b\u3000so\u3000we\u3000should\u3000strive\u3000to\u3000emulate\u3000such\u3000an\u3000individual\u3002
\n
\nContemplation\u3000on\u3000the\u3000Karmic\u3000Law
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000the\u3000text\u3000goes\u3000on\u3000to\u3000tell\u3000us\u3000to\uff1a
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\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000reverse\u3000attraction\u3000to\u3000future\u3000lives\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000think\u3000repeatedly\u3000of\u3000the\u3000infallible\u3000effects\u3000of\u3000karma
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000and\u3000the\u3000misery\u3000of\u3000this\u3000world\u3002
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\nSo\u3000then\u3000one\u3000has\u3000a\u3000human\u3000existence\u3000now\uff1b\u3000if\u3000one\u3000turns\u3000one’s\u3000attention\u3000away\u3000from\u3000this\u3000life\u3000and\u3000directs\u3000it\u3000towards\u3000one’s\u3000future\u3000lives\uff1b\u3000the\u3000very\u3000best\u3000one\u3000can\u3000hope\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000is\u3000another\u3000human\u3000existence\u3000like\u3000the\u3000one\u3000we\u3000have\u3000now\u3000or\u3000perhaps\u3000birth\u3000as\u3000a\u3000god\u3000or\u3000as\u3000a\u3000demigod\u3000\uff08thus\u3000the\u3000three\u3000realms\u3000of\u3000bliss\uff1b\u3000or\u3000three\u3000higher\u3000realms\uff09\u3002\u3000But\u3000if\u3000we\u3000investigate\u3000those\u3000three\u3000higher\u3000realms\uff1b\u3000they\u3000are\u3000not\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000stable\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000they\u3000are\u3000not\u3000going\u3000to\u3000last\u3000for\u3000a\u3000long\u3000time\u3000\u2026\u3000even\u3000having\u3000been\u3000born\u3000in\u3000those\u3000states\u3000we\u3000will\u3000inevitably\u3000fall\u3000from\u3000those\u3000states\u3000when\u3000the\u3000time\u3000of\u3000our\u3000death\u3000es\u3002\u3000So\u3000the\u3000way\u3000we\u3000can\u3000reverse\u3000attraction\u3000towards\uff1b\u3000or\u3000thinking\u3000solely\u3000about\uff1b\u3000one’s\u3000future\u3000existence\u3000is\u3000thus\u3000through\u3000contemplating\u3000the\u3000karmic\u3000law\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000law\u3000of\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000effect\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000this\u3000is\u3000a\u3000very\u3000profound\u3000subject\uff1b\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000quite\u3000difficult\u3000to\u3000go\u3000into\u3000great\u3000detail\u3000upon\u3000in\u3000such\u3000a\u3000short\u3000space\u3000of\u3000time\uff1b\u3000but\u3000if\u3000we\u3000go\u3000through\u3000the\u3000outline\u3000of\u3000four\u3002\u3000Initially\u3000we\u3000should\u3000understand\u3000that\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000or\u3000action\uff1b\u3000is\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000definite\uff1b\u3000its\u3000increase\u3000is\u3000also\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000definite\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000one\u3000will\u3000not\u3000get\u3000certain\u3000results\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\u3000a\u3000positive\u3000result\uff1b\u3000unless\u3000one\u3000engages\u3000in\u3000a\u3000positive\u3000action\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\u3000the\u3000cause\u3000of\u3000such\u3000a\u3000result\uff1b\u3000and\u3000one\u3000won’t\u3000get\u3000a\u3000result\u3000from\u3000which\u3000one\u3000hasn’t\u3000planted\u3000the\u3000cause\u3000for\u3000its\u3000arising\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000this\u3000outline\u3000of\u3000four\u3000serially\uff1a\u3000Initially\u3000then\u3000that\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000or\u3000action\uff1b\u3000is\u3000definite\u3002\u3000This\u3000means\u3000that\u3000if\u3000we\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000a\u3000positive\u3000action\u3000it\u3000is\u3000definite\u3000that\u3000the\u3000result\u3000of\u3000such\u3000an\u3000action\uff1b\u3000or\u3000such\u3000a\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000will\u3000be\u3000something\u3000positive\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\u3000our\u3000human\u3000life\u3000now\u3000is\u3000the\u3000result\u3000of\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000a\u3000positive\u3000cause\u3000in\u3000a\u3000past\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000and\u3000thus\u3000this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000ripening\u3000effect\u3000of\u3000that\u3000cause\u3002\u3000Now\u3000the\u3000doubt\u3000can\u3000e\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000someone\u3000is\u3000born\u3000as\u3000a\u3000human\u3000and\u3000is\u3000continually\u3000ill\u3000or\u3000undergoes\u3000a\u3000great\u3000amount\u3000of\u3000difficulty\u3000in\u3000their\u3000life\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000might\u3000feel\u3000’well\uff1b\u3000that\u3000person\u3000is\u3000born\u3000as\u3000a\u3000human\u3000which\uff1b\u3000you\u3000say\uff1b\u3000is\u3000the\u3000result\u3000of\u3000a\u3000positive\u3000action\uff1b\u3000however\uff1b\u3000their\u3000human\u3000existence\u3000is\u3000not\u3000anything\u3000particularly\u3000joyous\uff1b\u3000anything\u3000particularly\u3000blissful\u3000\u2026\u3000so\u3000how\u3000can\u3000that\u3000be\u3000the\u3000result\u3000of\u3000a\u3000positive\u3000cause\uff1f’\u3000So\u3000here\u3000we\u3000should\u3000understand\u3000a\u3000distinction\u3000between\u3000the\u3000different\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000the\u3000different\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000results\u3000of\u3000those\u3000causes\u3002\u3000The\u3000very\u3000fact\u3000that\u3000a\u3000sick\u3000individual\u3000has\u3000a\u3000human\u3000body\u3000is\u3000the\u3000result\u3000of\u3000a\u3000positive\u3000seed\u3000which\u3000was\u3000planted\u3000sometime\u3000in\u3000a\u3000previous\u3000existence\u3002\u3000However\uff1b\u3000the\u3000various\u3000difficulties\u3000that\u3000this\u3000individual\u3000undergoes\u3000are\u3000not\u3000the\u3000result\u3000of\u3000the\u3000same\u3000cause\uff1b\u3000they\u3000are\u3000rather\u3000the\u3000results\u3000of\u3000different\u3000causes\uff1b\u3000or\u3000different\u3000karmas\u3002\u3000That\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000that\u3000individual\u3000has\u3000not\u3000only\u3000mitted\u3000positive\u3000actions\u3000in\u3000the\u3000past\uff1b\u3000but\u3000has\u3000also\u3000mitted\u3000negative\u3000actions\uff1b\u3000the\u3000ripening\u3000results\u3000of\u3000which\u3000are\u3000manifest\u3000as\u3000various\u3000difficulties\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000illness\u3000etc\u3002\u3000So\u3000we\u3000can\u3000also\u3000understand\u3000this\u3000in\u3000reverse\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000certain\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000animals\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\uff1b\u3000dogs\u3000and\u3000cats\u3000\u2026\u3000even\u3000though\u3000they\u3000are\u3000members\u3000of\u3000what\u3000we\u3000call\u3000the\u3000animal\u3000kingdom\uff1b\u3000or\u3000are\u3000included\u3000in\u3000the\u3000lower\u3000realms\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000then\u3000they\u3000can\u3000still\u3000have\u3000the\u3000results\u3000of\u3000having\u3000mitted\u3000positive\u3000causes\u3000in\u3000a\u3000previous\u3000existence\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\uff1b\u3000we\u3000see\u3000dogs\u3000that\u3000are\u3000very\uff1b\u3000very\u3000beautiful\uff1b\u3000have\u3000very\u3000beautiful\u3000barking\uff1b\u3000cats\u3000that\u3000have\u3000very\u3000beautiful\u3000purring\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000very\u3000beautiful\u3000fur\uff1b\u3000very\u3000beautiful\u3000tails\u3000etc\u3002\u3000So\u3000these\u3000results\u3000are\u3000not\u3000the\u3000results\u3000of\u3000negative\u3000causes\uff1b\u3000or\u3000negatives\u3000karmas\uff1b\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000are\u3000the\u3000result\u3000of\u3000positive\u3000causes\uff1b\u3000even\u3000though\u3000the\u3000basis\u3000for\u3000their\u3000ripening\u3000is\u3000an\u3000inferior\u3000one\u3000which\u3000is\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000through\u3000a\u3000negative\u3000karmic\u3000action\uff1b\u3000or\u3000a\u3000negative\u3000cause\u3002\u3000Then\u3000the\u3000second\u3000part\u3000of\u3000the\u3000outline\u3000is\u3000that\u3000karmas\uff1b\u3000or\u3000actions\uff1b\u3000once\u3000mitted\uff1b\u3000increase\u3002\u3000We\u3000can\u3000learn\u3000this\u3000through\u3000a\u3000very\u3000simple\u3000worldly\u3000example\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000we\u3000plant\u3000a\u3000seed\uff1b\u3000the\u3000result\u3000of\u3000that\u3000seed\u3000can\u3000be\u3000something\u3000as\u3000huge\u3000as\u3000a\u3000great\u3000tree\u3000and\u3000yield\u3000lots\u3000of\u3000fruit\u3002\u3000So\u3000a\u3000huge\u3000tree\u3000es\u3000about\u3000through\u3000a\u3000tiny\u3000seed\u3000and\u3000in\u3000the\u3000same\u3000way\u3000a\u3000small\u3000action\u3000can\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000a\u3000great\u3000result\uff1b\u3000whether\u3000it\u3000be\u3000positive\u3000or\u3000negative\u3002\u3000We\u3000read\u3000in\u3000the\u3000biography\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3000that\u3000a\u3000child\u3000threw\u3000some\u3000grains\u3000into\u3000the\u3000Buddha’s\u3000begging\u3000bowl\u3000when\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3000was\u3000walking\u3000past\u3002\u3000Obviously\u3000the\u3000child\u3000couldn’t\u3000just\u3000reach\u3000up\u3000and\u3000put\u3000them\u3000in\u3000the\u3000bowl\u3000because\u3000he\u3000was\u3000just\u3000a\u3000child\u3000and\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3000was\u3000an\u3000adult\uff1b\u3000so\u3000there\u3000was\u3000a\u3000great\u3000difference\u3000in\u3000height\u3002\u3000But\u3000even\u3000through\u3000throwing\u3000these\u3000grains\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000said\u3000that\u3000four\u3000of\u3000the\u3000grains\u3000fell\u3000in\u3000the\u3000begging\u3000bowl\u3000and\u3000one\u3000fell\u3000on\u3000the\u3000circular\u3000rim\u3000of\u3000the\u3000bowl\uff1b\u3000and\u3000even\u3000though\u3000this\u3000cause\u3000was\u3000something\u3000very\uff1b\u3000very\u3000small\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000said\u3000that\u3000the\u3000result\u3000of\u3000this\u3000was\u3000that\u3000the\u3000individual\u3000was\u3000born\u3000as\u3000a\u3000wheel\u2026turning\u3000king\u3000with\u3000plete\u3000power\u3000over\u3000the\u3000four\u3000continents\u3002\u3000So\u3000even\u3000from\u3000a\u3000small\u3000karmic\u3000action\u3000such\u3000as\u3000that\uff1b\u3000the\u3000result\u3000is\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000much\uff1b\u3000much\u3000bigger\u3000and\u3000this\u3000is\u3000explained\u3000clearly\u3000in\u3000the\u3000sutras\u3002
\n
\nThen\u3000the\u3000latter\u3000two\u3000of\u3000the\u3000outline\u3000of\u3000four\u3000are\u3000that\u3000if\u3000one\u3000hasn’t\u3000generated\u3000certain\u3000causes\u3000then\u3000one\u3000won’t\u3000experience\u3000the\u3000result\u3000of\u3000those\u3000causes\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000opposite\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000one\u3000has\u3000accrued\u3000certain\u3000causes\u3000then\u3000one\u3000will\u3000definitely\u3000receive\u3000the\u3000result\u3000of\u3000those\u3000causes\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000then\u3000if\u3000one\u3000engages\u3000in\u3000a\u3000virtuous\u3000action\u3000then\u3000the\u3000result\u3000of\u3000that\u3000is\u3000something\u3000definite\u3000which\u3000will\u3000e\u3000to\u3000one\u3000and\u3000vice\u3000versa\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000one\u3000has\u3000engaged\u3000in\u3000a\u3000negative\u3000action\u3000then\u3000the\u3000result\u3000of\u3000that\u3000is\u3000certain\u3000to\u3000e\u3000to\u3000one\u3000no\u3000matter\u3000what\u3000one’s\u3000circumstances\u3002\u3000We\u3000can\u3000still\u3000see\u3000this\u3000through\u3000an\u3000example\u3000given\u3000in\u3000the\u3000sutras\uff1a\u3000When\u3000the\u3000Sakya\u3000lineage\u3000of\u3000India\u3000\uff08that\u3000which\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3000belonged\u3000to\uff09\u3000were\u3000destroyed\uff1b\u3000all\u3000wiped\u3000out\u3000simultaneously\uff1b\u3000two\u3000of\u3000them\u3000were\u3000hiding\u3000in\u3000a\u3000field\uff1b\u3000and\u3000it\u3000is\u3000said\u3000that\u3000even\u3000though\u3000they\u3000were\u3000far\u3000away\u3000from\u3000the\u3000battleground\uff1b\u3000owing\u3000to\u3000the\u3000light\u3000of\u3000the\u3000sun\uff1b\u3000the\u3000field\u3000caught\u3000fire\u3000and\u3000they\u3000perished\u3000in\u3000the\u3000fire\u3002\u3000So\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3000was\u3000asked\u3000about\u3000this\uff1a\u3000’These\u3000two\u3000people\u3000who\u3000escaped\u3000from\u3000the\u3000battleground\u3000then\u3000went\u3000to\u3000this\u3000field\u3000to\u3000hide\u3000\u2026\u3000how\u3000is\u3000it\u3000that\u3000they\u3000died\u3000at\u3000the\u3000same\u3000time\u3000that\u3000the\u3000Sakya\u3000clan\u3000was\u3000wiped\u3000out\uff1f’\u3000He\u3000explained\u3000that\u3000even\u3000though\u3000they\u3000weren’t\u3000in\u3000the\u3000actual\u3000battleground\uff1b\u3000then\u3000they\u3000still\u3000had\u3000a\u3000similar\u3000karma\u3000to\u3000die\u3000at\u3000that\u3000particular\u3000time\u3002\u3000So\u3000we\u3000can\u3000see\u3000various\u3000stories\u3000which\u3000give\u3000us\u3000solid\u3000examples\u3000of\u3000how\u3000that\u3000if\u3000we\u3000have\u3000accrued\u3000certain\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000causes\uff1b\u3000their\u3000effect\u3000is\u3000definitely\u3000going\u3000to\u3000occur\u3000at\u3000that\u3000time\u3000unless\u3000that\u3000karma\u3000is\u3000exhausted\u3000in\u3000some\u3000way\u3002\u3000This\u3000brings\u3000us\u3000to\u3000the\u3000fourth\u3000of\u3000the\u3000outline\u3000of\u3000four\u3000which\u3000is\u3000that\u3000karma\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\u3000never\u3000goes\u3000to\u3000waste\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000it\u3000doesn’t\u3000grow\u3000rotten\u3000and\u3000then\u3000suddenly\u3000disappear\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\uff1b\u3000rather\u3000it\u3000is\u3000something\u3000that\u3000stays\u3000with\u3000us\u3000unless\u3000it\u3000is\u3000destroyed\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000then\u3000we\u3000have\u3000the\u3000understanding\u3000that\u3000karma\u3000is\u3000not\u3000something\u3000which\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000undergo\u3000\u2026\u3000we\u3000can\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000apply\u3000the\u3000right\u3000antidotes\uff1b\u3000rid\u3000ourselves\u3000of\u3000these\u3000particular\u3000positive\u3000or\u3000negative\u3000karmic\u3000actions\u3002\u3000So\u3000as\u3000it\u3000said\u3000then\uff1b\u3000the\u3000only\u3000good\u3000thing\u3000about\u3000bad\u3000karma\u3000is\u3000that\u3000is\u3000can\u3000be\u3000removed\u3000from\u3000our\u3000mindstream\uff1b\u3000or\u3000from\u3000our\u3000being\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\u3000if\u3000we\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000love\uff1b\u3000this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000antidote\u3000to\u3000anger\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000reverse\u3000is\u3000quite\u3000the\u3000same\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000we\u3000generate\u3000anger\uff1b\u3000this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000thing\u3000which\u3000destroys\u3000love\u3000ie\u3000virtuous\u3000states\u3000of\u3000mind\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000we\u3000have\u3000accrued\u3000a\u3000great\u3000amount\u3000of\u3000positive\u3000potential\uff1b\u3000or\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000this\u3000can\u3000be\u3000destroyed\u3000in\u3000a\u3000moment\u3000of\u3000anger\u3002\u3000And\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000negative\u3000states\u3000of\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000we\u3000may\u3000have\u3000generated\u3000in\u3000the\u3000past\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000opponent\u3000powers\u3000practices\u3000of\u3000regretting\u3000and\u3000then\u3000applying\u3000the\u3000various\u3000methods\u3000of\u3000confession\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000rid\u3000ourselves\u3000of\u3000these\u3000negative\u3000karmic\u3000seeds\u3000which\u3000we\u3000have\u3000in\u3000our\u3000being\u3000since\u3000we\u3000have\u3000accrued\u3000them\u3000in\u3000the\u3000past\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000the\u3000stanza\u3000then\u3000tells\u3000us\u3000to\u3000also\u3000reflect\u3000upon\u3000the\u3000misery\u3000of\u3000this\u3000world\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000but\u3000tomorrow\u3000in\u3000the\u3000section\u3000on\u3000passion\uff1b\u3000we\u3000will\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000contemplation\u3000on\u3000the\u3000misery\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000so\u3000there’s\u3000no\u3000need\u3000to\u3000go\u3000into\u3000this\u3000now\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000you\u3000have\u3000a\u3000question\u3000or\u3000two\uff1f
\n
\nQuestion\uff1a\u3000I\u3000wanted\u3000to\u3000ask\u3000about\u3000collective\u3000karma\u3002\u3000Rinpoche\u3000talked\u3000a\u3000bit\u3000about\u3000karma\u3000but\u3000how\u3000is\u3000it\u3000that\u3000one\u3000karma\u3000over\u2026rides\u3000and\u3000brings\u3000a\u3000whole\u3000group\u3000of\u3000people\u3000to\u3000one\u3000disaster\u3000out\u3000of\u3000all\u3000the\u3000karma\u3000that\u3000there\u3000could\u3000be\uff1f
\n
\nRinpoche\uff1a\u3000With\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000understanding\u3000of\u3000karma\u3000for\u3000an\u3000individual\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000we\u3000understand\u3000this\u3000well\uff1b\u3000we\u3000will\u3000understand\u3000that\u3000through\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000positive\u3000causes\u3000a\u3000positive\u3000result\u3000es\u3000about\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000same\u3000for\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000destructive\u3000karmic\u3000actions\u3000or\u3000causes\u3000\u2026\u3000the\u3000result\u3000of\u3000that\u3000will\u3000be\u3000something\u3000unpleasant\u3002\u3000So\u3000it\u3000is\u3000not\u3000that\u3000a\u3000group\u3000of\u3000people\u3000collectively\u3000engages\u3000in\u3000one\u3000particular\u3000action\u3000and\u3000then\u3000goes\u3000on\u3000to\u3000another\u3000action\uff1b\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000if\u3000we\u3000understand\u3000that\u3000through\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000a\u3000positive\u3000cause\uff1b\u3000a\u3000positive\u3000effect\u3000es\u3000around\uff1b\u3000not\u3000only\u3000for\u3000ourselves\u3000but\u3000if\u3000say\u3000everyone\u3000in\u3000the\u3000room\u3000has\u3000generated\u3000a\u3000similar\u3000cause\u3000in\u3000the\u3000past\u3000then\u3000the\u3000result\u3000for\u3000all\u3000of\u3000us\u3000can\u3000ripen\u3000at\u3000the\u3000same\u3000time\u3002\u3000It’s\u3000not\u3000that\u3000a\u3000group\u3000has\u3000to\u3000create\u3000a\u3000cause\u3000as\u3000a\u3000group\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000all\u3000gather\u3000back\u3000and\uff1b\u3000as\u3000another\u3000group\uff1b\u3000have\u3000that\u3000result\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000time\u3000\u2026\u3000now\u3000we\u3000are\u3000in\u3000the\u3000time\u3000of\u3000the\u3000five\u3000degenerations\uff1b\u3000so\u3000it’s\u3000not\u3000that\u3000we\u3000were\u3000all\u3000in\u3000some\u3000previous\u3000existence\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000a\u3000particular\u3000 \n
\n \n
\n
\n
\n ive\u3000degenerations\uff1b\u3000so\u3000it’s\u3000not\u3000that\u3000we\u3000were\u3000all\u3000in\u3000some\u3000previous\u3000existence\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000a\u3000particular\u3000action\u3000and\u3000the\u3000particular\u3000result\u3000of\u3000that\u3000is\u3000now\u3000undergoing\u3000the\u3000time\u3000of\u3000the\u3000five\u3000degenerations\uff1b\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000it\u3000is\u3000that\u3000we\u3000have\u3000engaged\u3000in\u3000various\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000negative\u3000actions\u3000in\u3000the\u3000past\uff1b\u3000the\u3000result\u3000of\u3000which\u3000\u2026\u3000the\u3000time\u3000of\u3000the\u3000five\u3000degenerations\u3000\u2026\u3000is\u3000being\u3000experienced\u3000by\u3000all\u3000people\uff1b\u3000albeit\u3000in\u3000slightly\u3000different\u3000ways\u3002
\n
\nQuestion\uff1a\u3000I\u3000have\u3000a\u3000question\u3000for\u3000Rinpoche\u3000about\u3000renunciation\u3002\u3000Here\u3000in\u3000the\u3000West\u3000we\u3000like\u3000to\u3000have\u3000fortable\u3000homes\uff1b\u3000we\u3000have\u3000nice\u3000clothes\uff1b\u3000things\u3000like\u3000that\uff1b\u3000so\u3000I\u3000ask\u3000how\u3000we\u3000can\u3000practice\u3000renunciation\u3000without\u3000giving\u3000up\u3000all\u3000these\u3000things\uff1f\u3000\uff07Big\u3000laugh\u3000from\u3000class\uff01\uff07
\n
\nRinpoche\uff1a\u3000It’s\u3000very\u3000important\u3000to\u3000have\u3000a\u3000sense\u3000of\u3000satisfaction\u3000with\u3000oneself\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000in\u3000general\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000way\u3000we\u3000behave\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000have\u3000some\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000enjoyment\uff1b\u3000we\u3000are\u3000always\u3000looking\u3000to\u3000better\u3000that\u3000enjoyment\u3002\u3000If\u3000we\u3000are\u3000wearing\u3000some\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000particular\u3000clothing\uff1b\u3000we\u3000are\u3000always\u3000seeking\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000more\u3000beautiful\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000have\u3000some\u3000delicious\u3000food\uff1b\u3000we\u3000are\u3000always\u3000looking\u3000for\u3000something\u3000to\u3000match\u3000that\u3000or\u3000better\u3000that\u3000food\u3002\u3000So\u3000our\u3000mind\u3000is\u3000not\u3000something\u3000very\u3000content\u3000at\u3000this\u3000point\uff1b\u3000so\u3000it’s\u3000very\u3000important\u3000to\u3000develop\u3000a\u3000content\u3000and\u3000peaceful\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000is\u3000looking\u3000at\u3000one’s\u3000enjoyments\u3000in\u3000a\u3000realistic\u3000fashion\u3002\u3000That\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000whatever\u3000we\u3000get\uff1b\u3000be\u3000it\u3000the\u3000very\u3000best\uff1b\u3000we\u3000are\u3000never\u3000going\u3000to\u3000be\u3000satisfied\u3000with\u3000that\u3000if\u3000we\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000desire\u3000for\u3000perfect\u3000objects\uff1b\u3000or\u3000beautiful\u3000objects\u3000\u2026\u3000we\u3000are\u3000always\u3000going\u3000to\u3000try\u3000to\u3000find\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000better\u3000than\u3000what\u3000we\u3000have\u3000at\u3000the\u3000moment\u3002\u3000With\u3000relationships\uff1b\u3000having\u3000friends\uff1b\u3000be\u3000they\u3000Dharma\u3000friends\u3000or\u3000whatever\uff1b\u3000when\u3000we\u3000e\u3000together\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000always\u3000going\u3000to\u3000e\u3000a\u3000time\u3000at\u3000the\u3000end\u3000when\u3000we\u3000disperse\uff1b\u3000and\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\uff1b\u3000with\u3000our\u3000body\uff1b\u3000we\u3000have\u3000perfect\u3000human\u3000existence\u3000now\uff1b\u3000but\u3000this\u3000is\u3000not\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000last\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000pass\u3000out\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000we\u3000have\u3000a\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000is\u3000attached\u3000to\u3000and\u3000desirous\u3000of\u3000better\u3000and\u3000better\u3000objects\uff1b\u3000we\u3000are\u3000always\u3000going\u3000to\u3000be\u3000within\u3000a\u3000state\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\uff1b\u3000so\u3000a\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000satisfaction\u3000is\u3000something\u3000that\u3000is\u3000extremely\u3000important\u3000to\u3000develop\uff1b\u3000and\u3000more\u3000will\u3000be\u3000said\u3000about\u3000this\u3000in\u3000tomorrow’s\u3000session\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000before\u3000tomorrow’s\u3000session\u3000it\u3000would\u3000be\u3000excellent\u3000if\u3000you\u3000could\u3000contemplate\u3000the\u3000subject\u3000matter\u3000which\u3000we\u3000have\u3000gone\u3000through\u3000today\u3002\u3000I\u3000have\u3000received\u3000this\u3000teaching\u3000many\uff1b\u3000many\u3000times\u3000from\u3000many\u3000high\u3000and\u3000extremely\u3000realised\u3000masters\u3000and\u3000they\u3000in\u3000return\u3000have\u3000received\u3000this\u3000from\u3000their\u3000teachers\u3000and\u3000thus\u3000we\u3000can\u3000trace\u3000the\u3000lineage\u3000back\u3000to\u3000Buddha\u3000himself\u3002\u3000So\u3000through\u3000the\u3000blessing\u3000of\u3000the\u3000lineage\u3000there\u3000is\u3000definitely\u3000some\u3000benefit\u3000to\u3000be\u3000derived\u3000from\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000these\u3000contemplations\u3002\u3000Whether\u3000there\u3000is\u3000any\u3000direct\u3000benefit\u3000ing\u3000from\u3000me\u3000or\u3000not\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000doubt\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000that\uff1b\u3000but\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000blessing\u3000of\u3000the\u3000lineage\uff1b\u3000as\u3000I\u3000mentioned\u3000I\u3000have\u3000received\u3000this\u3000teaching\u3000many\u3000times\u3000from\u3000many\u3000highly\u3000realised\u3000lamas\uff1b\u3000so\u3000remembering\u3000their\u3000instructions\uff1b\u3000I\u3000am\u3000imparting\u3000them\u3000to\u3000you\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000you\u3000could\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000contemplation\u3000on\u3000the\u3000subject\u3000matter\uff1b\u3000that\u3000would\u3000be\u3000excellent\u3002
\n
\nRENUNCIATION
\n
\nSo\u3000to\u3000begin\u3000the\u3000teaching\uff1b\u3000let\u3000us\u3000correct\u3000our\u3000attitude\uff1b\u3000and\u3000contemplate\u3000\u2026\u3000as\u3000far\u3000as\u3000space\u3000extends\u3000are\u3000existing\u3000countless\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000in\u3000a\u3000state\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000or\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000In\u3000order\u3000to\u3000separate\u3000or\u3000liberate\u3000each\u3000and\u3000every\u3000one\u3000of\u3000those\u3000sentient\u3000beings\uff1b\u3000I\u3000myself\u3000must\u3000achieve\u3000the\u3000highest\u3000unsurpassable\u3000enlightenment\u3000and\u3000in\u3000order\u3000to\u3000do\u3000that\u3000I\u3000am\u3000now\u3000going\u3000to\u3000receive\u3000the\u3000mentary\u3000on\u3000the\u3000unmistaken\u3000path\u3000in\u3000the\u3000form\u3000of\u3000The\u3000Three\u3000Principles\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Path\u3002
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\nThe\u3000Benefits\u3000of\u3000Hearing\u3000the\u3000Teaching
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\nSo\u3000again\u3000to\u3000reflect\u3000upon\u3000the\u3000benefits\u3000of\u3000listening\u3000to\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000we\u3000use\u3000a\u3000quotation\u3000from\u3000a\u3000text\u3000called\u3000’Wisdom’\uff1b\u3000then\u3000the\u3000first\u3000line\u3000of\u3000this\u3000reads\u3000that\u3000’listening\u3000is\u3000the\u3000lamp\u3000which\u3000dispels\u3000the\u3000darkness\u3000of\u3000ignorance’\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000the\u3000example\u3000is\u3000quite\u3000clear\u3000\u2026\u3000in\u3000a\u3000worldly\u3000sense\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000walk\u3000into\u3000a\u3000dark\u3000room\u3000holding\u3000an\u3000oil\u3000lamp\uff1b\u3000or\u3000if\u3000we\u3000just\u3000turn\u3000the\u3000light\u3000on\uff1b\u3000through\u3000having\u3000light\u3000in\u3000that\u3000room\u3000we\u3000are\u3000able\u3000to\u3000see\u3000what\u3000previously\u3000we\u3000couldn’t\u3000see\u3000because\u3000the\u3000room\u3000was\u3000dark\u3002\u3000So\u3000in\u3000the\u3000same\u3000way\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000think\u3000about\u3000the\u3000things\u3000which\u3000are\u3000to\u3000be\u3000taken\u3000up\uff1b\u3000the\u3000things\u3000which\u3000are\u3000to\u3000be\u3000abandoned\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000karmic\u3000law\u3000of\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000effect\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000view\u3000of\u3000suchness\u3000\uff08that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\u3000the\u3000correct\u3000view\u3000of\u3000reality\uff09\u3000as\u3000the\u3000objects\u3000to\u3000be\u3000seen\u3000in\u3000a\u3000room\uff1b\u3000then\u3000the\u3000light\u3000which\u3000will\u3000dispel\u3000the\u3000darkness\u3000of\u3000ignorance\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000those\u3000particular\u3000objects\u3000which\u3000are\u3000to\u3000be\u3000seen\u3000in\u3000the\u3000room\u3000is\u3000the\u3000hearing\u3000of\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3002\u3000So\u3000through\u3000hearing\u3000then\u3000we\u3000are\u3000able\u3000to\u3000dispel\u3000ignorance\u3000about\u3000what\u3000objects\u3000are\u3000to\u3000be\u3000known\u3000\uff08for\u3000example\uff1b\u3000the\u3000karmic\u3000law\u3000of\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000effect\uff09\uff1b\u3000and\u3000what\u3000is\u3000to\u3000be\u3000taken\u3000up\u3000and\u3000what\u3000is\u3000to\u3000be\u3000abandoned\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000our\u3000behaviour\u3002\u3000Then\u3000when\u3000we\u3000reflect\u3000upon\u3000this\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000hearing\uff1b\u3000it’s\u3000not\u3000just\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\uff1b\u3000the\u3000way\u3000we\u3000make\u3000the\u3000lamp\u3000blaze\u3000forth\u3000is\u3000through\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000and\u3000then\u3000contemplating\u3000the\u3000meaning\u3000of\u3000that\u3000and\u3000then\u3000meditating\u3000upon\u3000that\u3000in\u3000a\u3000single\u2026pointed\u3000fashion\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\u3000if\u3000we\u3000take\u3000thusness\uff1b\u3000then\u3000through\u3000initially\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000on\u3000that\uff1b\u3000contemplating\u3000the\u3000meaning\u3000of\u3000that\u3000and\u3000then\u3000single\u2026pointedly\u3000meditating\u3000upon\u3000that\uff1b\u3000we\u3000are\u3000able\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000liberation\u3000from\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002\u3000Again\u3000then\u3000the\u3000root\u3000of\u3000this\u3000liberation\u3000is\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3002\u3000It\u3000is\u3000like\u3000wanting\u3000to\u3000do\u3000something\u3000within\u3000a\u3000room\u3000and\u3000then\u3000carrying\u3000in\u3000an\u3000oil\u3000lamp\u3000to\u3000then\u3000be\u3000able\u3000to\u3000see\u3000what\u3000forms\uff1b\u3000what\u3000objects\uff1b\u3000are\u3000in\u3000that\u3000room\u3000and\u3000then\u3000getting\u3000to\u3000grips\u3000with\u3000those\u3000objects\uff1b\u3000or\u3000working\u3000with\u3000those\u3000objects\u3002\u3000So\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000initially\u3000then\u3000is\u3000something\u3000very\u3000important\u3000as\u3000it\u3000is\u3000like\u3000the\u3000lamp\u3000which\u3000dispels\u3000the\u3000ignorance\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000what\u3000is\u3000to\u3000be\u3000taken\u3000up\u3000and\u3000what\u3000is\u3000to\u3000be\u3000abandoned\u3000ie\u3000the\u3000karmic\u3000law\u3000which\u3000for\u3000us\u3000as\u3000practitioners\u3000is\u3000something\u3000that\u3000is\u3000extremely\u3000important\u3000and\u3000something\u3000that\u3000we\u3000should\u3000bee\u3000very\u3000familiar\u3000with\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000suchness\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000ultimate\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000don’t\u3000understand\u3000this\u3000correctly\u3000then\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000liberation\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000two\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000darkness\uff1b\u3000or\u3000two\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000ignorance\uff1b\u3000both\u3000of\u3000which\u3000because\u3000their\u3000nature\u3000is\u3000darkness\uff1b\u3000are\u3000removed\u3000by\u3000the\u3000lamp\u3000of\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000the\u3000’hearing\u3000is\u3000the\u3000lamp\u3000which\u3000dispels\u3000the\u3000darkness\u3000of\u3000ignorance’\u3002
\n
\nThe\u3000second\u3000line\u3000of\u3000the\u3000stanza\u3000from\u3000the\u3000text\u3000’Wisdom’\u3000reads\u3000’hearing\u3000is\u3000like\u3000the\u3000weapon\u3000which\u3000destroys\u3000the\u3000enemy\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions’\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000think\u3000in\u3000ancient\u3000India\u3000what\u3000was\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000weapons\uff1b\u3000it\u3000was\u3000like\u3000throwing\u2026stars\uff1b\u3000daggers\uff1b\u3000swords\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000However\u3000in\u3000these\u3000modern\u3000times\u3000there\u3000are\u3000various\u3000other\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000weapons\u3000but\u3000whatever\u3000the\u3000weapon\u3000is\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000an\u3000object\u3000which\u3000is\u3000used\u3000to\u3000destroy\u3000something\u3000else\u3002\u3000In\u3000this\u3000case\uff1b\u3000the\u3000weapon\u3000of\u3000listening\u3000is\u3000used\u3000to\u3000destroy\u3000the\u3000enemy\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000are\u3000a\u3000person\u3000who\u3000has\u3000a\u3000lot\u3000of\u3000anger\uff1b\u3000through\u3000meditating\u3000on\u3000its\u3000antidote\uff1b\u3000love\uff1b\u3000we\u3000are\u3000able\u3000to\u3000overe\u3000that\u3000enemy\u3000of\u3000anger\u3000and\u3000thoroughly\u3000destroy\u3000it\u3000so\u3000it\u3000is\u3000no\u3000longer\u3000any\u3000burden\u3000upon\u3000our\u3000being\u3002\u3000In\u3000the\u3000same\u3000way\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000are\u3000a\u3000person\u3000who\u3000has\u3000a\u3000lot\u3000of\u3000attachment\uff1b\u3000either\u3000for\u3000our\u3000own\u3000physical\u3000form\u3000or\u3000for\u3000another’s\u3000physical\u3000form\u3000or\u3000for\u3000some\u3000other\u3000object\u3000like\u3000a\u3000precious\u3000jewel\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000can\u3000reverse\u3000that\u3000attachment\u3000by\u3000thinking\u3000about\u3000the\u3000repulsiveness\u3000of\u3000that\u3000particular\u3000object\u3002\u3000Through\u3000this\u3000meditation\u3000we\u3000can\u3000lessen\u3000and\u3000then\u3000thoroughly\u3000remove\u3000and\u3000destroy\u3000this\u3000enemy\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000which\u3000one\u3000has\u3000in\u3000one’s\u3000mental\u3000continuum\uff1b\u3000or\u3000mind\u3002\u3000Initially\u3000then\u3000one\u3000must\u3000e\u3000to\u3000recognise\u3000what\u3000is\u3000actually\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000an\u3000enemy\uff1b\u3000what\u3000an\u3000enemy\u3000is\uff1b\u3000then\u3000after\u3000having\u3000that\u3000recognition\u3000we\u3000must\u3000apply\u3000the\u3000antidote\u3000or\u3000the\u3000weapon\u3002\u3000The\u3000weapon\u3000here\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000apply\u3000is\u3000something\u3000that\u3000we\u3000can\u3000only\u3000have\u3000gained\u3000through\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3002\u3000So\u3000thus\u3000in\u3000the\u3000second\u3000line\uff1b\u3000the\u3000actual\u3000thing\u3000which\u3000destroys\u3000the\u3000enemy\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000is\u3000like\u3000a\u3000weapon\uff1b\u3000and\u3000this\u3000weapon\u3000is\u3000brought\u3000about\uff1b\u3000or\u3000manufactured\uff1b\u3000through\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3002\u3000So\u3000hearing\u3000then\u3000is\u3000like\u3000a\u3000’weapon\u3000which\u3000destroys\u3000the\u3000enemy\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions’\u3002
\n
\nThe\u3000third\u3000line\u3000says\u3000that\u3000’hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000is\u3000the\u3000best\u3000of\u3000all\u3000possessions’\u3002\u3000What\u3000we\u3000usually\u3000mean\u3000by\u3000possessions\u3000are\u3000various\u3000things\u3000which\u3000we\u3000might\u3000have\u3000in\u3000our\u3000house\u3000and\u3000which\u3000cause\u3000us\u3000a\u3000great\u3000amount\u3000of\u3000anxiety\uff1b\u3000or\u3000worry\u3002\u3000That\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000more\u3000possessions\u3000we\u3000seem\u3000to\u3000gain\uff1b\u3000they\u3000just\u3000seem\u3000to\u3000add\u3000to\u3000our\u3000burden\u3000of\u3000anxiety\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000we\u3000worry\u3000that\u3000they\u3000might\u3000be\u3000carried\u3000away\u3000by\u3000thieves\uff1b\u3000or\u3000we\u3000worry\u3000about\u3000fire\u3000in\u3000the\u3000house\uff1b\u3000or\u3000these\u3000days\uff1b\u3000flooding\u3000in\u3000the\u3000house\uff1b\u3000destroying\u3000the\u3000wealth\u3000or\u3000possessions\u3000which\u3000we\u3000have\u3000striven\u3000so\u3000hard\u3000to\u3000gain\u3002\u3000So\u3000in\u3000the\u3000same\u3000way\uff1b\u3000when\u3000we\u3000think\u3000about\u3000the\u3000possession\u3000of\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000and\u3000the\u3000wisdom\u3000which\u3000arises\u3000through\u3000that\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000we\u3000have\u3000that\u3000in\u3000our\u3000mindstream\u3000it\u3000is\u3000not\u3000something\u3000which\u3000can\u3000be\u3000destroyed\u3000by\u3000the\u3000four\u3000elements\u3000\u2026\u3000water\uff1b\u3000fire\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000not\u3000something\u3000that\u3000can\u3000be\u3000carried\u3000off\u3000by\u3000thieves\u3000and\u3000bandits\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000rather\u3000something\u3000that\u3000is\u3000continually\u3000with\u3000us\u3000and\u3000which\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000danger\u3000of\u3000losing\u3002\u3000So\u3000the\u3000third\u3000line\u3000of\u3000this\u3000stanza\u3000from\u3000the\u3000text\u3000’Wisdom’\u3000instructs\u3000us\u3000that\u3000wisdom\u3000is\u3000the\u3000best\u3000of\u3000all\u3000possessions\u3000for\u3000those\u3000very\u3000reasons\u3002
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\nSo\u3000the\u3000last\u3000line\u3000of\u3000this\u3000stanza\u3000then\u3000describes\u3000hearing\u3000as\u3000’the\u3000best\u3000of\u3000associates\u3000or\u3000friends’\u3002\u3000So\u3000we\u3000can\u3000understand\u3000this\u3000from\u3000our\u3000own\u3000experience\u3000\u2026\u3000when\u3000fortune\u3000is\u3000with\u3000us\u3000then\u3000we\u3000seem\u3000to\u3000have\u3000a\u3000lot\u3000of\u3000friends\u3000or\u3000associates\u3000around\u3000us\u3002\u3000However\u3000when\u3000circumstances\u3000change\u3000for\u3000the\u3000worse\uff1b\u3000we\u3000do\u3000seem\u3000to\u3000find\u3000that\u3000 \n
\n \n
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\n s\u3000or\u3000associates\u3000around\u3000us\u3002\u3000However\u3000when\u3000circumstances\u3000change\u3000for\u3000the\u3000worse\uff1b\u3000we\u3000do\u3000seem\u3000to\u3000find\u3000that\u3000these\u3000close\uff1b\u3000or\u3000seemingly\u3000close\uff1b\u3000friends\u3000or\u3000associates\u3000seem\u3000to\u3000go\u3000farther\u3000and\u3000farther\u3000away\u3000from\u3000us\uff1b\u3000abandoning\u3000us\u3000in\u3000our\u3000time\u3000or\u3000hour\u3000of\u3000need\u3002\u3000With\u3000regard\u3000then\u3000to\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000hearing\u3000and\u3000the\u3000knowledge\u3000we\u3000have\u3000gained\u3000through\u3000that\uff1b\u3000then\u3000in\u3000difficult\u3000situations\u3000or\u3000in\u3000positive\u3000situations\uff1b\u3000that\u3000friend\u3000continually\u3000remains\u3000with\u3000us\u3000in\u3000all\u3000circumstances\u3002\u3000In\u3000a\u3000worldly\u3000sense\u3000then\u3000when\u3000circumstances\u3000are\u3000good\uff1b\u3000we\u3000seem\u3000to\u3000have\u3000a\u3000lot\u3000of\u3000friends\u3000and\u3000then\u3000when\u3000circumstances\u3000are\u3000bad\uff1b\u3000our\u3000friends\u3000seem\u3000to\u3000keep\u3000a\u3000distance\u3000and\u3000then\u3000finally\u3000disappear\u3000from\u3000sight\u3002\u3000So\u3000actually\u3000if\u3000we\u3000pare\u3000ourselves\u3000\u2026\u3000a\u3000person\u3000who\u3000has\u3000heard\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000teaching\u3000and\u3000has\u3000contemplated\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000teaching\u3000and\u3000has\u3000that\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000friend\uff1b\u3000with\u3000somebody\u3000who\u3000doesn’t\u3000have\u3000that\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000friend\uff1b\u3000then\u3000during\u3000the\u3000good\u3000times\u3000there\u3000is\u3000not\u3000really\u3000that\u3000much\u3000difference\u3000between\u3000us\u3002\u3000However\u3000in\u3000the\u3000difficult\u3000times\u3000when\u3000circumstances\u3000change\u3000for\u3000the\u3000worse\uff1b\u3000we\u3000find\u3000that\u3000through\u3000contacting\u3000this\u3000friend\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\u3000bringing\u3000to\u3000mind\u3000the\u3000teachings\u3000we\u3000have\u3000heard\u3000\u2026\u3000like\u3000if\u3000we\u3000lose\u3000wealth\u3000for\u3000example\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000contemplate\u3000on\u3000the\u3000changing\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000have\u3000various\u3000sicknesses\u3000or\u3000illnesses\u3000befall\u3000us\u3000or\u3000bereavements\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000again\u3000contemplate\u3000on\u3000the\u3000suffering\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000are\u3000harmed\u3000by\u3000other\u3000human\u3000beings\u3000or\u3000perhaps\u3000various\u3000snake\u3000spirits\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3000\u2026\u3000whatever\u3000the\u3000harmer\u3000\u2026\u3000we\u3000can\u3000reflect\u3000upon\u3000how\u3000we\u3000might\u3000have\u3000harmed\u3000that\u3000particular\u3000individual\u3000in\u3000a\u3000previous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000thus\u3000we\u3000can\u3000contemplate\u3000on\u3000the\u3000karmic\u3000law\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000also\u3000then\u3000expand\u3000our\u3000view\u3000to\u3000include\u3000others\uff1b\u3000thinking\u3000that\u3000this\u3000is\u3000just\u3000a\u3000small\u3000difficulty\u3000when\u3000pared\u3000with\u3000the\u3000difficulties\u3000of\u3000all\u3000other\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000which\u3000are\u3000around\u3000me\u3000and\u3000in\u3000the\u3000world\u3000system\u3002\u3000Thus\u3000we\u3000can\u3000utilise\u3000this\u3000friend\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000chat\u3000with\u3000this\u3000friend\u3000which\u3000is\u3000the\u3000friend\u3000of\u3000initially\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000\u2026\u3000this\u3000excellent\u3000associate\u3000which\u3000doesn\u2019t\u3000abandon\u3000us\u3000during\u3000our\u3000hour\u3000of\u3000need\u3000but\u3000is\u3000continually\u3000there\u3000for\u3000us\u3002\u3000Thus\u3000hearing\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000and\u3000the\u3000knowledge\u3000gained\u3000therefrom\u3000is\u3000like\u3000the\u3000’best\u3000of\u3000friends\u3000or\u3000associates’\u3002
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\nContemplation\u3000on\u3000Suffering
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\nSo\u3000now\u3000we\u3000e\u3000to\u3000the\u3000text\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000through\u3002\u3000Initially\u3000then\u3000let\u3000us\u3000contemplate\u3000on\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000or\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000the\u3000reason\u3000for\u3000this\u3000is\u3000that\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000know\u3000what\u3000suffering\u3000is\u3000in\u3000order\u3000to\u3000turn\u3000away\u3000from\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000or\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000Through\u3000trying\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000liberation\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000remove\u3000this\u3000grasping\u3000attachment\u3000so\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000the\u3000faults\u3000of\u3000what\u3000we\u3000are\u3000attached\u3000to\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000understanding\u3000those\u3000faults\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000turn\u3000away\u3000from\u3000them\u3002\u3000At\u3000present\u3000our\u3000mind\u3000is\u3000infatuated\u3000and\u3000continually\u3000holding\u3000on\u3000to\uff1b\u3000or\u3000stuck\u3000to\uff1b\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002\u3000Through\u3000thinking\u3000of\u3000the\u3000faults\u3000then\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000turn\u3000our\u3000minds\u3000away\u3000from\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000pain\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000is\u3000mentioned\u3000by\u3000Lama\u3000Tsong\u3000Khapa\u3000in\u3000his\u3000writings\u3000when\u3000he\u3000says\u3000that\u3000the\u3000more\u3000we\u3000are\u3000able\u3000to\u3000contemplate\u3000on\u3000the\u3000faults\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000or\u3000dissatisfaction\uff1b\u3000then\u3000the\u3000stronger\u3000our\u3000yearning\u3000for\u3000liberation\u3000will\u3000bee\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000we\u3000can\u3000see\u3000from\u3000an\u3000example\uff1a\u3000If\u3000we\u3000are\u3000a\u3000prisoner\u3000in\u3000a\u3000prison\u3000and\u3000we\u3000just\u3000sit\u3000in\u3000our\u3000room\u3000thinking\u3000’well\uff1b\u3000they\u3000give\u3000us\u3000food\uff1b\u3000there’s\u3000good\u3000lighting\u3000here\uff1b\u3000I\u3000think\u3000I’ll\u3000just\u3000stay\u3000here’\u3000\u2026\u3000then\u3000for\u3000that\u3000individual\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000hope\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000way\u3000that\u3000that\u3000person\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000even\u3000take\u3000a\u3000step\u3000outside\u3000of\u3000his\u3000or\u3000her\u3000prison\u3000cell\u3002\u3000So\u3000in\u3000the\u3000same\u3000way\uff1b\u3000if\u3000an\u3000individual\u3000is\u3000in\u3000a\u3000prison\u3000cell\u3000and\u3000he\u3000or\u3000she\u3000thinks\u3000’I\u3000must\u3000get\u3000out\u3000of\u3000this\u3000predicament’\u3000\u2026\u3000through\u3000thinking\u3000about\u3000the\u3000benefits\u3000of\u3000being\u3000released\u3000from\u3000jail\u3000\u2026\u3000thinking\u3000about\u3000being\u3000able\u3000to\u3000work\u3000in\u3000various\u3000places\uff1b\u3000being\u3000able\u3000to\u3000travel\u3000to\u3000various\u3000countries\uff1b\u3000being\u3000able\u3000to\u3000enjoy\u3000various\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000scenes\u3000and\u3000enjoyments\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000thinking\u3000about\u3000how\u3000bound\u3000one\u3000is\u3000in\u3000the\u3000prison\u3000cell\u3000\u2026\u3000thinking\u3000that\u3000’I\u3000can’t\u3000move\uff1b\u3000I\u3000have\u3000no\u3000freedom\u3000to\u3000do\u3000what\u3000I\u3000want\uff1b\u3000I\u3000have\u3000no\u3000enjoyment\u3000through\u3000staying\u3000here’\u3000\u2026\u3000through\u3000thinking\u3000thus\uff1b\u3000the\u3000faults\u3000of\u3000staying\u3000in\u3000the\u3000prison\u3000and\u3000the\u3000benefits\u3000of\u3000leaving\u3000the\u3000prison\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000naturally\u3000increase\u3002\u3000So\u3000like\u3000this\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000think\u3000about\u3000the\u3000faults\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000the\u3000difficulties\u3000therein\uff1b\u3000our\u3000yearning\u3000for\u3000liberation\u3000from\u3000this\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000will\u3000increase\u3000naturally\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000stronger\u3000our\u3000yearning\u3000for\u3000freedom\u3000from\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000the\u3000stronger\u3000our\u3000Dharma\u3000practice\u3000and\u3000so\u3000our\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000turning\u3000away\u3000from\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000or\u3000renunciation\u3000\uff08the\u3000first\u3000of\u3000these\u3000three\u3000points\uff09\u3000will\u3000bee\u3002
\n
\nThe\u3000Four\u3000Noble\u3000Truths
\n
\nSo\u3000this\u3000reflection\u3000on\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000or\u3000suffering\u3000cannot\u3000be\u3000over\u2026emphasised\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\u3000\uff08I\u3000forgot\u3000to\u3000translate\u3000from\u3000before\uff09\uff1b\u3000when\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3000first\u3000taught\u3000the\u3000Four\u3000Noble\u3000Truths\u3000in\u3000Varanasi\uff1b\u3000at\u3000that\u3000time\uff1b\u3000the\u3000first\u3000thing\u3000he\u3000said\u3000to\u3000his\u3000five\u3000disciples\u3000was\u3000’this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction’\u3000\uff08or\u3000’this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000suffering’\uff09\u3002\u3000So\u3000the\u3000reason\u3000for\u3000saying\u3000that\u3000initially\u3000was\u3000to\u3000get\u3000his\u3000disciples\u3000to\u3000recognise\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000fact\u3000that\u3000everything\u3000within\u3000contaminated\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000within\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000is\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\u3000or\u3000by\u3000its\u3000own\u3000nature\u3000\u2026
\n
\n\uff07end\u3000of\u3000side\u3000\u2026\u3000tape\u3000breaks\u3000here\uff07\u3000\u2026existence\u3000and\u3000our\u3000experience\uff1b\u3000and\u3000through\u3000that\uff1b\u3000through\u3000contemplating\u3000the\u3000Four\u3000Noble\u3000Truths\u3000we\u3000can\u3000turn\u3000away\u3000from\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000is\u3000why\u3000the\u3000teaching\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Four\u3000Noble\u3000Truths\u3000was\u3000given\u3000initially\u3000\u2026\u3000in\u3000order\u3000to\u3000jar\u3000the\u3000disciples\u3000into\u3000recognising\u3000the\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000inherent\u3000in\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000we\u3000then\u3000have\u3000a\u3000quick\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000Four\u3000Noble\u3000Truths\u3000\uff08that\u3000is\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000the\u3000cause\u3000of\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000the\u3000cessation\u3000and\u3000then\u3000the\u3000path\u3000leading\u3000to\u3000the\u3000cessation\uff09\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000emphasise\u3000or\u3000go\u3000a\u3000little\u3000bit\u3000vaster\u3000in\u3000our\u3000explanation\u3000of\u3000the\u3000first\u3000truth\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000will\u3000just\u3000whizz\u3000through\u3000the\u3000latter\u3000three\u3002\u3000Through\u3000the\u3000understanding\u3000of\u3000the\u3000first\uff1b\u3000this\u3000will\u3000imply\u3000the\u3000understanding\u3000of\u3000the\u3000latter\u3000three\u3000\u2026\u3000this\u3000can\u3000be\u3000seen\u3000in\u3000an\u3000example\u3000from\u3000the\u3000text\u3000known\u3000as\u3000’The\u3000Uttaratantra\u3000of\u3000Maitreya’\u3002\u3000In\u3000this\u3000text\u3000it\u3000says\u3000that\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3000is\u3000like\u3000the\u3000crop\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000cause\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3000is\u3000like\u3000the\u3000seed\u3000of\u3000that\u3000crop\uff1b\u3000then\u3000the\u3000cessation\u3000is\u3000the\u3000non\u2026existence\u3000of\u3000that\u3000crop\u3000and\u3000the\u3000path\u3000leading\u3000to\u3000that\u3000cessation\u3000is\u3000the\u3000fire\u3000which\u3000burns\u3000the\u3000seed\u3000which\u3000renders\u3000it\u3000barren\u3000and\u3000unable\u3000to\u3000produce\u3000its\u3000crop\u3002\u3000So\u3000that\u3000is\u3000very\u3000clear\uff1b\u3000isn\u2019t\u3000it\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000we\u3000have\u3000a\u3000crop\u3000which\u3000we\u3000do\u3000not\u3000want\uff1b\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000uproot\u3000or\u3000prevent\u3000the\u3000seed\u3000of\u3000that\u3000crop\u3000from\u3000producing\u3000its\u3000fruit\u3000or\u3000its\u3000crop\uff1b\u3000so\u3000the\u3000way\u3000to\u3000do\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000make\u3000the\u3000seed\u3000barren\u3000and\u3000through\u3000that\u3000it\u3000cannot\u3000produce\u3000or\u3000give\u3000rise\u3000to\u3000its\u3000fruition\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000crop\u3002\u3000So\u3000in\u3000the\u3000same\u3000way\u3000then\uff1b\u3000through\u3000recognising\u3000the\u3000lot\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000’crop’\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000which\u3000we\u3000have\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000set\u3000about\u3000burning\u3000or\u3000removing\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000for\u3000that\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000way\u3000to\u3000do\u3000that\u3000is\u3000through\u3000contemplating\u3000the\u3000cause\u3000which\u3000will\u3000eliminate\u3000that\u3000result\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\uff1b\u3000and\u3000naturally\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000cessation\u3002
\n
\nThree\u3000Kinds\u3000of\u3000Suffering
\n
\nSo\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000first\u3000noble\u3000truth\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\uff1b\u3000or\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000with\u3000this\u3000there\u3000are\u3000various\u3000ways\u3000we\u3000can\u3000divide\u3000it\u3000\u2026\u3000a\u3000division\u3000into\u3000three\u3000is\u3000presented\uff1b\u3000four\uff1b\u3000six\uff1b\u3000seven\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000However\u3000as\u3000we\u3000are\u3000only\u3000giving\u3000an\u3000abbreviated\u3000mentary\uff1b\u3000let\u3000us\u3000just\u3000dwell\u3000upon\u3000the\u3000division\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3000into\u3000three\u3002\u3000Through\u3000dwelling\u3000upon\u3000these\u3000three\u3000and\u3000contemplating\u3000them\u3000in\u3000relation\u3000to\u3000our\u3000experience\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000derive\u3000great\u3000benefit\u3002\u3000So\u3000let\u3000us\u3000go\u3000through\u3000the\u3000division\u3000of\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3000into\u3000three\uff1a\u3000that\u3000is\u3000then\u3000the\u3000suffering\u3000of\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000the\u3000suffering\u3000of\u3000change\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000all\u2026pervasive\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000So\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000the\u3000first\u3000of\u3000this\u3000threefold\u3000division\u3000\uff08the\u3000suffering\u3000of\u3000suffering\uff09\uff1b\u3000this\u3000is\u3000what\u3000everybody\u3000understands\u3000to\u3000be\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000\u2026\u3000whether\u3000it\u3000be\u3000a\u3000physical\u3000ailment\uff1b\u3000or\u3000whether\u3000it\u3000be\u3000that\u3000one\u3000is\u3000feeling\u3000a\u3000little\u3000bit\u3000depressed\u3000or\u3000a\u3000bit\u3000tired\u3000or\u3000a\u3000bit\u3000run\u3000down\u3000\u2026\u3000these\u3000feelings\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\uff1b\u3000be\u3000they\u3000physical\u3000or\u3000mental\uff1b\u3000are\u3000what\u3000everybody\u3000understands\u3000as\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000or\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000whether\u3000they\u3000be\u3000a\u3000practitioner\u3000or\u3000not\u3002
\n
\nThe\u3000Suffering\u3000of\u3000Change
\n
\nThe\u3000second\u3000then\u3000is\u3000the\u3000suffering\u3000of\u3000change\uff1b\u3000this\u3000is\u3000what\u3000the\u3000majority\u3000of\u3000people\u3000in\u3000the\u3000world\u3000do\u3000not\u3000want\u3000to\u3000recognise\u3000as\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000or\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000The\u3000reason\u3000for\u3000this\u3000is\u3000because\u3000of\u3000the\u3000way\u3000we\u3000view\u3000pleasurable\u3000experiences\u3000in\u3000the\u3000world\u3000\u2026\u3000we\u3000view\u3000them\u3000as\u3000being\u3000nothing\u3000other\u3000than\u3000pleasurable\u3000experiences\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000only\u3000bringing\u3000about\u3000pleasure\uff1b\u3000not\u3000bringing\u3000about\u3000the\u3000slightest\u3000disfort\u3000or\u3000dissatisfaction\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000we\u3000contemplate\u3000this\u3000\u2026\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000the\u3000suffering\u3000of\u3000change\uff1b\u3000we\u3000will\u3000e\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000how\u3000all\u3000experiences\uff1b\u3000when\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000in\u3000a\u3000contaminated\u3000way\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000under\u3000the\u3000influence\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000karma\u3000are\u3000all\u3000in\u3000this\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\uff1b\u3000they\u3000do\u3000not\u3000give\u3000any\u3000lasting\u3000satisfaction\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\u3000if\u3000we\u3000are\u3000in\u3000a\u3000cold\u3000place\u3000and\u3000we\u3000go\u3000out\u3000into\u3000the\u3000sunshine\u3000\u2026\u3000for\u3000the\u3000first\u3000moments\u3000we\u3000are\u3000sitting\u3000or\u3000lying\u3000there\u3000in\u3000the\u3000sun\uff1b\u3000it\u3000seems\u3000only\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000bliss\u3000and\u3000joy\u3000to\u3000the\u3000mind\u3002\u3000However\uff1b\u3000the\u3000longer\u3000we\u3000stay\u3000in\u3000the\u3000sun\uff1b\u3000what\u3000we\u3000find\u3000is\u3000that\u3000this\u3000joy\uff1b\u3000this\u3000bliss\u3000which\u3000we\u3000achieve\u3000from\u3000going\u3000out\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cold\u3000room\u3000into\u3000the\u3000sun\uff1b\u3000suddenly\u3000changes\u3002\u3000What\u3000happens\u3000is\u3000that\u3000we\u3000get\u3000very\u3000hot\uff1b\u3000very\u3000bothered\u3000or\u3000flustered\uff1b\u3000we\u3000might\u3000get\u3000sunburn\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000this\u3000our\u3000whole\u3000perception\u3000of\u3000being\u3000in\u3000a\u3000warm\u3000place\u3000c \n
\n \n
\n
\n
\n ustered\uff1b\u3000we\u3000might\u3000get\u3000sunburn\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000this\u3000our\u3000whole\u3000perception\u3000of\u3000being\u3000in\u3000a\u3000warm\u3000place\u3000changes\u3000\u2026\u3000far\u3000from\u3000being\u3000something\u3000which\u3000has\u3000brought\u3000us\u3000this\u3000seemingly\u3000inherently\u3000existing\u3000bliss\u3000or\u3000joy\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000rather\u3000something\u3000which\u3000has\u3000brought\u3000us\u3000a\u3000feeling\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\uff1b\u3000or\u3000a\u3000feeling\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000we\u3000might\u3000want\u3000to\u3000reverse\u3000this\u3000\u2026\u3000so\u3000we\u3000go\u3000back\u3000into\u3000an\u3000air\u2026conditioned\u3000room\uff1b\u3000a\u3000cool\u3000room\u3002\u3000When\u3000we\u3000arrive\u3000there\uff1b\u3000again\u3000this\u3000feeling\u3000of\u3000great\u3000joy\u3000arises\u3000in\u3000the\u3000first\u3000moment\u3000of\u3000entering\u3000such\u3000a\u3000room\u3000and\u3000it\u3000appears\u3000as\u3000nothing\u3000but\u3000bliss\u3000and\u3000joy\u3000ing\u3000from\u3000going\u3000into\u3000that\u3000room\u3000or\u3000being\u3000under\u3000that\u3000fan\u3002\u3000But\u3000as\u3000time\u3000goes\u3000on\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000get\u3000really\uff1b\u3000really\u3000cold\uff1b\u3000we\u3000start\u3000to\u3000freeze\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000again\uff1b\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000move\u3000on\u3000to\u3000a\u3000different\u3000place\uff1b\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000get\u3000out\u3000of\u3000that\u3000room\uff1b\u3000or\u3000turn\u3000the\u3000fan\u3000off\uff1b\u3000and\u3000relieve\u3000ourselves\u3000of\u3000what\u3000appeared\u3000previously\u3000as\u3000a\u3000self\u2026existing\u3000joyful\u3000object\u3002\u3000We\u3000find\u3000that\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000remove\u3000ourselves\u3000from\u3000such\u3000an\u3000object\u3000in\u3000that\u3000it\u3000is\u3000not\u3000producing\u3000the\u3000joy\u3000and\u3000happiness\u3000which\u3000we\u3000previously\u3000achieved\u3000from\u3000that\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000this\u3000is\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000the\u3000suffering\u3000of\u3000change\uff1b\u3000momentarily\u3000bringing\u3000bliss\u3000\u2026\u3000this\u3000is\u3000not\u3000being\u3000denied\uff1b\u3000however\u3000it\u3000is\u3000not\u3000an\u3000everlasting\u3000bliss\u3000which\u3000is\u3000being\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000through\u3000change\u3002\u3000The\u3000first\u3000moment\u3000is\u3000blissful\u3000because\u3000you’ve\u3000moved\u3000from\u3000a\u3000cold\u3000area\u3000into\u3000a\u3000warm\u3000one\u3000or\u3000from\u3000a\u3000warm\u3000area\u3000into\u3000a\u3000cold\u3000one\u3000\u2026\u3000so\u3000it\u3000does\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000a\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000happiness\uff1b\u3000but\u3000that\u3000happiness\u3000is\u3000only\u3000the\u3000happiness\u3000of\u3000moving\u3000from\u3000one\u3000state\u3000into\u3000another\u3000\u2026\u3000it’s\u3000not\u3000a\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000self\u2026existent\u3000or\u3000autonomously\u2026existent\u3000joy\u3000that\u3000es\u3000from\u3000contact\u3000with\u3000that\u3000object\uff1b\u3000rather\u3000it\u3000has\u3000the\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000change\u3000because\u3000it\u3000is\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000through\u3000contaminated\u3000action\u3000and\u3000karma\u3002\u3000It\u3000is\u3000therefore\u3000what\u3000we\u3000call\u3000a\u3000’contaminated’\u3000experience\u3000\u2026\u3000contaminated\u3000through\u3000being\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000by\u3000these\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000karma\u3002\u3000So\u3000the\u3000second\u3000moment\u3000then\uff1b\u3000or\u3000later\u3000on\u3000in\u3000one’s\u3000experience\u3000of\u3000that\u3000either\u3000warmth\u3000or\u3000cold\uff1b\u3000this\u3000changes\u3000into\u3000something\u3000other\u3000than\u3000what\u3000it\u3000initially\u3000was\uff1b\u3000and\u3000through\u3000that\u3000change\uff1b\u3000brings\u3000about\u3000dissatisfaction\u3002\u3000So\u3000it\u3000is\u3000this\u3000changing\u3000nature\u3000\u2026\u3000changing\u3000from\u3000a\u3000momentary\u3000pleasure\u3000into\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000quite\u3000the\u3000opposite\u3000of\u3000that\u3000\u2026\u3000which\u3000one\u3000needs\u3000to\u3000recognise\u3000in\u3000all\u3000of\u3000one’s\u3000experiences\uff1b\u3000through\u3000which\u3000we\u3000will\u3000e\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000that\u3000all\u3000of\u3000our\u3000experience\uff1b\u3000whether\u3000grossly\u3000unpleasant\u3000or\u3000seemingly\u3000pleasant\uff1b\u3000have\u3000this\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\uff1b\u3000or\u3000not\u3000really\u3000delivering\u3000in\u3000the\u3000long\u3000run\u3002
\n
\nAnother\u3000example\u3000we\u3000could\u3000use\u3000is\u3000if\u3000we\u3000sit\u3000down\u3000for\u3000a\u3000long\u3000time\u3000it\u3000seems\u3000very\u3000pleasant\u3000and\u3000then\u3000perhaps\u3000we\u3000get\u3000a\u3000little\u3000bit\u3000unfortable\u3000and\u3000we\u3000want\u3000to\u3000move\u3000around\u3002\u3000When\u3000we\u3000get\u3000up\u3000\u2026\u3000we\u3000stand\u3000up\u3000and\u3000stretch\u3000perhaps\u3000\u2026\u3000we\u3000feel\u3000great\u3000joy\u3000at\u3000having\u3000stood\u3000up\uff1b\u3000but\u3000again\uff1b\u3000this\u3000is\u3000only\u3000the\u3000joy\u3000which\u3000es\u3000about\u3000through\u3000ending\u3000the\u3000sitting\u3000down\uff1b\u3000through\u3000changing\u3000our\u3000position\u3002\u3000Moving\u3000a\u3000little\u3000bit\u3000brings\u3000joy\u3000to\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000\u2026\u3000we\u3000perhaps\u3000go\u3000for\u3000a\u3000walk\u3000and\u3000this\u3000movement\u3000of\u3000going\u3000for\u3000a\u3000walk\u3000again\u3000seems\u3000to\u3000be\u3000self\u2026existing\u3000joy\u3000that\u3000is\u3000ing\u3000through\u3000the\u3000object\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000walking\u3002\u3000However\uff1b\u3000the\u3000more\u3000we\u3000walk\uff1b\u3000the\u3000more\u3000tired\u3000we\u3000bee\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000eventually\u3000we\u3000want\u3000to\u3000sit\u3000down\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000we\u3000are\u3000old\uff1b\u3000perhaps\u3000we\u3000have\u3000bad\u3000knees\uff1b\u3000but\u3000even\u3000if\u3000we\u3000are\u3000young\uff1b\u3000we\u3000cannot\u3000go\u3000on\u3000walking\u3000forever\uff1b\u3000eventually\u3000we\u3000bee\u3000tired\u3000and\u3000we\u3000want\u3000to\u3000sit\u3000down\u3000or\u3000we\u3000want\u3000to\u3000lay\u3000down\u3002\u3000So\u3000when\u3000we\u3000sit\u3000or\u3000when\u3000we\u3000lay\u3000down\uff1b\u3000again\u3000this\u3000brings\u3000great\u3000joy\u3000to\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000but\u3000this\u3000is\u3000a\u3000joy\u3000that\u3000is\u3000ing\u3000from\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000that\u3000particular\u3000object\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000sitting\u3000down\uff1b\u3000rather\u3000it\u3000is\u3000just\u3000a\u3000joy\u3000which\u3000es\u3000about\u3000through\u3000plain\u3000and\u3000simply\u3000sitting\u3000down\u3000\u2026\u3000it\u3000is\u3000not\u3000something\u3000the\u3000contact\u3000with\u3000which\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000everlasting\u3000joy\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000important\u3000point\u3000with\u3000the\u3000suffering\u3000of\u3000change\u3000\u2026\u3000to\u3000recognise\u3000that\u3000no\u3000experience\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000everlasting\u3000joy\uff1b\u3000rather\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000in\u3000the\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000contamination\uff1b\u3000therefore\u3000it\u3000is\u3000eventually\u3000going\u3000to\u3000change\u3000into\u3000something\u3000that\u3000is\u3000quite\u3000the\u3000opposite\u3000of\u3000what\u3000we\u3000initially\u3000perceived\u3000it\u3000to\u3000be\u3002
\n
\nAll\u2026Pervasive\u3000Suffering
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000we\u3000e\u3000to\u3000the\u3000third\u3000of\u3000this\u3000threefold\u3000division\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000the\u3000all\u2026pervasive\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000What\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000this\u3000the\u3000all\u2026pervasive\u3000suffering\uff1f\u3000If\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000the\u3000three\u3000realms\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000\uff08that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000desire\uff1b\u3000the\u3000form\u3000and\u3000the\u3000formless\u3000realm\uff09\uff1b\u3000within\u3000the\u3000desire\u3000realm\u3000\uff08within\u3000which\u3000we\u3000find\u3000the\u3000division\u3000of\u3000the\u3000six\u3000different\u3000types\u3000of\u3000individuals\uff09\uff1b\u3000we\u3000find\u3000that\u3000there\u3000is\u3000the\u3000gross\u3000suffering\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000However\u3000through\u3000the\u3000form\u3000and\u3000the\u3000formless\u3000realms\u3000we\u3000find\u3000that\u3000there\u3000is\u3000not\u3000this\u3000gross\u3000suffering\u3000but\u3000up\u3000to\u3000and\u3000inclusive\u3000of\u3000the\u3000third\u3000concentration\uff1b\u3000we\u3000find\u3000that\u3000there\u3000is\u3000the\u3000suffering\u3000or\u3000the\u3000dissatisfaction\uff1b\u3000of\u3000change\uff1b\u3000but\u3000not\u3000in\u3000the\u3000fourth\u3000state\u3000of\u3000concentration\u3002\u3000But\u3000without\u3000going\u3000too\u3000deeply\u3000into\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000these\u3000various\u3000states\u3000of\u3000concentration\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000we\u3000just\u3000take\u3000the\u3000desire\uff1b\u3000the\u3000form\u3000and\u3000the\u3000formless\u3000realm\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000one\u3000is\u3000born\u3000under\u3000the\u3000influence\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000in\u3000a\u3000contaminated\u3000way\uff1b\u3000within\u3000any\u3000of\u3000these\u3000three\u3000realms\uff1b\u3000then\u3000one\u3000is\u3000bound\u3000into\u3000the\u3000state\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000and\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000So\u3000what\u3000we\u3000can\u3000understand\u3000here\u3000then\u3000by\u3000’all\u2026pervasive’\u3000\u2026\u3000’all’\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000the\u3000three\u3000realms\uff1b\u3000and\u3000’pervasive’\u3000means\u3000that\u3000if\u3000one\u3000is\u3000born\u3000into\u3000these\u3000three\u3000realms\u3000under\u3000the\u3000influence\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000then\u3000one\u3000is\u3000in\u3000the\u3000predicament\u3000of\u3000a\u3000contaminated\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000that\u3000very\u3000nature\u3000one’s\u3000lot\u3000is\u3000just\u3000that\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\u3002
\n
\nWith\u3000regard\u3000then\u3000to\u3000this\u3000all\u2026pervasive\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000or\u3000suffering\u3000\u2026\u3000this\u3000is\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000through\u3000not\u3000particularly\u3000positive\u3000or\u3000negative\u3000actions\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000through\u3000neutral\u3000actions\uff1b\u3000or\u3000equanimitous\u3000actions\u3002\u3000So\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000here\u3000then\u3000is\u3000that\u3000this\u3000is\u3000not\u3000a\u3000gross\u3000feeling\u3000like\u3000the\u3000feeling\u3000of\u3000joy\u3000or\u3000the\u3000feeling\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000in\u3000a\u3000manifest\u3000way\uff1b\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000is\u3000a\u3000very\u3000subtle\u3000or\u3000latent\u3000tendency\u3000to\u3000undergo\u3000such\u3000difficulties\u3000which\u3000is\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000through\u3000these\u3000karmic\u3000seeds\u3000of\u3000equanimity\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000through\u3000having\u3000been\u3000born\u3000under\u3000the\u3000influence\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000karma\u3000in\u3000any\u3000one\u3000of\u3000these\u3000three\u3000realms\uff1b\u3000one\u3000doesn’t\u3000have\u3000any\u3000freedom\u3000to\u3000do\u3000what\u3000one\u3000wishes\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000one\u3000is\u3000bound\u3000by\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000karma\u3002\u3000As\u3000the\u3000great\u3000master\u3000Sakya\u3000Pandita\u3000said\u3000’freedom\u3000is\u3000joy\uff1b\u3000whereas\u3000being\u3000bound\u3000is\u3000suffering’\u3000\uff08or\u3000’dissatisfaction’\uff09\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000we\u3000contemplate\u3000these\u3000words\u3000by\u3000Sakya\u3000Pandita\uff1b\u3000although\u3000few\u3000in\u3000number\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000a\u3000great\u3000deal\u3000of\u3000understanding\u3000to\u3000be\u3000gained\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\u3000we\u3000all\u3000like\u3000the\u3000word\u3000’freedom’\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000one\u3000has\u3000freedom\uff1b\u3000one\u3000can\u3000do\u3000exactly\u3000what\u3000one\u3000wants\u3000\u2026\u3000one\u3000can\u3000go\u3000where\u3000one\u3000wants\uff1b\u3000one\u3000can\u3000eat\u3000what\u3000one\u3000wants\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000If\u3000one\u3000is\u3000under\u3000the\u3000influence\u3000of\u3000another\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000bound\u3000by\u3000another\uff1b\u3000we\u3000have\u3000no\u3000freedom\uff1b\u3000we\u3000cannot\u3000do\u3000what\u3000we\u3000would\u3000like\u3000\u2026\u3000we\u3000cannot\u3000go\u3000where\u3000we\u3000like\uff1b\u3000we\u3000cannot\u3000sit\u3000where\u3000we\u3000would\u3000like\u3002\u3000This\u3000being\u3000the\u3000case\u3000then\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000not\u3000a\u3000pleasant\u3000situation\u3000to\u3000be\u3000in\u3002\u3000Through\u3000contemplating\u3000this\uff1b\u3000we\u3000see\u3000that\u3000through\u3000being\u3000bound\u3000by\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000we\u3000do\u3000not\u3000have\u3000the\u3000freedom\u3000to\u3000do\u3000exactly\u3000what\u3000we\u3000want\u3002\u3000Surely\u3000then\u3000we\u3000should\u3000turn\u3000our\u3000attention\u3000towards\u3000removing\u3000these\u3000fetters\uff1b\u3000or\u3000bonds\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000giving\u3000ourselves\u3000the\u3000freedom\u3000to\u3000do\u3000exactly\u3000what\u3000we\u3000would\u3000like\u3000to\u3000do\u3002\u3000So\u3000it’s\u3000good\u3000to\u3000contemplate\u3000those\u3000words\u3000of\u3000that\u3000particular\u3000master\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000various\u3000different\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3000which\u3000we’ve\u3000gone\u3000through\u3002
\n
\nFour\u3000Wrong\u3000Views
\n
\nSo\u3000as\u3000practitioners\uff1b\u3000we\u3000should\u3000strive\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000this\u3000all\u2026pervasive\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000In\u3000essence\u3000we\u3000can\u3000say\u3000that\u3000the\u3000all\u2026pervasive\u3000suffering\u3000es\u3000about\u3000just\u3000through\u3000having\u3000contaminated\u3000aggregates\u3000\uff08’contaminated’\u3000here\u3000referring\u3000to\u3000being\u3000under\u3000the\u3000control\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000under\u3000the\u3000control\u3000of\u3000the\u3000karma\u3000issuing\u3000therefrom\uff09\u3002\u3000With\u3000regard\u3000then\u3000to\u3000the\u3000first\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Four\u3000Noble\u3000Truths\u3000of\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000there\u3000are\u3000what\u3000is\u3000known\u3000as\u3000four\u3000aspects\uff1b\u3000or\u3000four\u3000different\u3000parts\u3000to\u3000that\u3000particular\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000With\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000whole\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Four\u3000Noble\u3000Truths\u3000and\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000each\u3000of\u3000the\u3000truths\uff1b\u3000they\u3000each\u3000have\u3000four\u3000different\u3000aspects\uff1b\u3000here\u3000we\u3000are\u3000just\u3000going\u3000to\u3000go\u3000through\u3000the\u3000four\u3000aspects\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000So\u3000within\u3000this\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000we\u3000find\u3000that\u3000there\u3000are\u3000four\u3000wrong\u3000views\u3000which\u3000ordinary\u3000beings\u3000perceive\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000this\u3000perception\u3000we\u3000undergo\u3000various\u3000forms\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\uff1b\u3000or\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000These\u3000four\u3000wrong\u3000views\u3000are\u3000\u2026\u3000perceiving\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000as\u3000satisfaction\uff1b\u3000grasping\u3000onto\u3000what\u3000is\u3000impermanent\u3000as\u3000permanent\uff1b\u3000grasping\u3000onto\u3000something\u3000of\u3000a\u3000dirty\u3000nature\u3000as\u3000being\u3000clean\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000grasping\u3000onto\u3000an\u3000inherently\u3000existent\u3000self\u3000or\u3000I\u3000where\u3000such\u3000a\u3000self\u2026existent\u3000self\u3000or\u3000I\u3000does\u3000not\u3000exist\u3002\u3000Then\u3000through\u3000contemplating\u3000these\u3000four\u3000aspects\u3000of\u3000this\u3000first\u3000truth\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000reverse\u3000our\u3000attachment\u3000towards\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000turn\u3000our\u3000mind\u3000away\u3000from\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000put\u3000these\u3000four\u3000into\u3000syllogisms\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000can\u3000really\u3000clearly\u3000see\u3000how\u3000our\u3000aggregates\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000our\u3000body\u3000and\u3000mind\u3000in\u3000this\u3000contaminated\u3000state\u3000are\u3000in\u3000the\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000or\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000and\u3000through\u3000this\u3000we\u3000can\u3000e\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000that\u3000wherever\u3000we\u3000are\u3000born\u3000in\u3000this\u3000state\u3000\uff08ie\u3000a\u3000contaminated\u3000state\uff09\u3000within\u3000any\u3000of\u3000the\u3000realms\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000have\u3000dissatisfaction\uff1b\u3000and\u3000nothing\u3000other\u3000than\u3000that\uff1b\u3000as\u3000our\u3000lot\u3002\u3000So\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000second\u3000one\u3000if\u3000we\u3000go\u3000through\u3000this\u3000first\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000say\u3000that\u3000the\u3000subject\uff1b\u3000which\u3000is\u3000our\u3000aggregates\uff1b\u3000are\u3000not\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000permanent\u3000ie\u3000they\u3000are\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000impermanent\u3000because\u3000they\u3000e\u3000about\u3000through\u3000relying\u3000upon\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\uff1b\u3000in\u3000an\u3000 \n
\n \n
\n
\n
\n mething\u3000which\u3000is\u3000impermanent\u3000because\u3000they\u3000e\u3000about\u3000through\u3000relying\u3000upon\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\uff1b\u3000in\u3000an\u3000ordinary\u3000sense\uff1b\u3000as\u3000they\u3000rely\u3000on\u3000something\u3000else\u3000to\u3000e\u3000into\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000they\u3000cannot\u3000exist\u3000permanently\uff1b\u3000therefore\u3000they\u3000must\u3000be\u3000something\u3000other\u3000than\u3000that\u3000and\u3000the\u3000only\u3000opposite\u3000of\u3000that\u3000is\u3000something\u3000that\u3000is\u3000impermanent\u3002\u3000Therefore\u3000our\u3000aggregates\uff1b\u3000our\u3000contaminated\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000are\u3000something\u3000that\u3000is\u3000impermanent\u3000because\u3000of\u3000being\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000through\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\u3002\u3000Then\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000first\u3000of\u3000these\u3000four\u3000aspects\uff1b\u3000the\u3000subject\u3000\u2026\u3000again\uff1b\u3000our\u3000aggregates\uff1b\u3000contaminated\u3000body\u3000and\u3000mind\u3000\u2026\u3000are\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000in\u3000the\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000because\u3000they\u3000have\u3000no\u3000freedom\u3002\u3000And\u3000so\u3000again\u3000we\u3000can\u3000see\u3000\u2026\u3000we\u3000are\u3000under\u3000the\u3000influence\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000and\u3000through\u3000being\u3000bound\u3000by\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000we\u3000have\u3000no\u3000freedom\u3000to\u3000do\u3000what\u3000we\u3000would\u3000like\u3000to\u3000do\u3000in\u3000our\u3000existence\u3002\u3000Therefore\u3000the\u3000second\u3000syllogism\u3000is\u3000the\u3000subject\u3000\u2026\u3000one’s\u3000aggregates\u3000\u2026\u3000is\u3000in\u3000the\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000through\u3000being\u3000under\u3000the\u3000influence\u3000and\u3000control\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000karma\u3002\u3000Then\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000third\uff1b\u3000again\u3000the\u3000subject\u3000is\u3000the\u3000same\u3000\u2026\u3000viewing\u3000our\u3000contaminated\u3000aggregates\u3000\u2026\u3000then\u3000seeing\u3000them\u3000in\u3000the\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000undesirable\u3000or\u3000dirty\u3002\u3000Then\u3000through\u3000contemplating\u3000the\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000those\u3000particular\u3000objects\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000e\u3000to\u3000this\u3000realisation\u3000and\u3000understanding\u3002\u3000And\u3000then\u3000lastly\u3000\uff08this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000most\u3000important\u3000one\uff09\u3000the\u3000subject\u3000\u2026\u3000again\uff1b\u3000the\u3000contaminated\u3000objects\u3000of\u3000body\u3000and\u3000mind\u3000\u2026\u3000are\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000empty\u3000of\u3000a\u3000self\u2026existence\u3000or\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\u3000because\u3000a\u3000naturally\u3000existing\uff1b\u3000or\u3000existing\u3000from\u3000its\u3000own\u3000side\uff1b\u3000self\u3000is\u3000not\u3000something\u3000which\u3000exists\uff1b\u3000ie\u3000it\u3000is\u3000pletely\u3000fictitious\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000here\u3000then\u3000through\u3000this\u3000contemplation\uff1b\u3000what\u3000we\u3000e\u3000to\u3000find\u3000is\u3000that\u3000within\u3000all\u3000the\u3000different\u3000schools\u3000there\u3000are\u3000presentations\u3000of\u3000this\u3000selflessness\uff1b\u3000or\u3000this\u3000lack\u3000of\u3000an\u3000inherently\u3000existing\u3000self\u3002\u3000So\u3000through\u3000all\u3000the\u3000different\u3000schools\u3000we\u3000can\u3000gain\u3000a\u3000greater\u3000picture\u3000of\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000an\u3000inherently\u3000existent\u3000self\uff1b\u3000and\u3000what\u3000the\u3000lack\u3000of\u3000that\u3000means\uff1b\u3000but\u3000in\u3000essence\uff1b\u3000and\u3000what\u3000every\u3000philosophical\u3000school\u3000agrees\u3000upon\uff1b\u3000is\u3000that\u3000this\u3000self\u2026existent\u3000self\u3000or\u3000this\u3000autonomous\u3000I\u3000is\u3000something\u3000which\u3000cannot\u3000exist\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\uff1b\u3000therefore\u3000the\u3000subject\u3000\uff08our\u3000contaminated\u3000body\u3000and\u3000mind\uff09\u3000lacks\u3000an\u3000inherently\u3000existing\u3000self\u3000because\u3000such\u3000an\u3000inherently\u3000or\u3000autonomously\u3000existing\u3000self\u3000is\u3000not\u3000something\u3000which\u3000exists\u3002\u3000So\u3000these\u3000then\u3000are\u3000the\u3000four\u3000aspects\u3000of\u3000this\u3000first\u3000truth\u3000\uff08that\u3000is\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000suffering\uff09\u3000and\u3000by\u3000contemplating\u3000the\u3000faults\u3000of\u3000grasping\u3000onto\u3000something\u3000as\u3000joyful\u3000which\u3000is\u3000in\u3000the\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000grasping\u3000at\u3000something\u3000as\u3000permanent\u3000which\u3000is\u3000actually\u3000in\u3000the\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000impermanence\uff1b\u3000grasping\u3000at\u3000something\u3000as\u3000clean\u3000which\u3000is\u3000actually\u3000in\u3000the\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000being\u3000dirty\uff1b\u3000and\u3000grasping\u3000at\u3000something\u3000as\u3000inherently\u3000existent\uff1b\u3000when\u3000in\u3000actual\u3000fact\uff1b\u3000it\u3000doesn’t\u3000exist\u3000in\u3000such\u3000a\u3000way\u3000\u2026\u3000through\u3000contemplating\u3000the\u3000faults\u3000of\u3000those\u3000four\u3000false\u3000views\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000reverse\u3000them\u3000and\u3000through\u3000reversing\u3000them\u3000we\u3000can\u3000put\u3000a\u3000stop\u3000to\u3000the\u3000first\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Four\u3000Noble\u3000Truths\uff1b\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3002
\n
\nFully\u3000Qualified\u3000Renunciation
\n
\nSo\u3000going\u3000back\u3000to\u3000our\u3000root\u3000text\u3000we\u3000read\uff1a
\n
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Leisure\u3000and\u3000opportunity\u3000are\u3000difficult\u3000to\u3000find\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000time\u3000to\u3000waste\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Reverse\u3000attraction\u3000to\u3000this\u3000life\uff1b\u3000reverse\u3000attraction\u3000to\u3000future\u3000lives\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000think\u3000repeatedly\u3000of\u3000the\u3000infallible\u3000effects\u3000of\u3000karma\u3000and\u3000the\u3000misery\u3000of\u3000this\u3000world\u3002\u3000
\n
\nSo\u3000we\u3000have\u3000just\u3000gone\u3000through\u3000the\u3000misery\u3000of\u3000this\u3000world\u3000\uff08this\u3000can\u3000also\u3000be\u3000translated\u3000as\u3000’samsara’\uff1b\u3000or\u3000’the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000contaminated\u3000existence’\uff09\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000the\u3000contemplations\u3000we\u3000have\u3000just\u3000gone\u3000through\u3000we\u3000can\u3000slowly\u3000begin\u3000to\u3000turn\u3000our\u3000minds\u3000away\u3000from\u3000this\u3000life\u3000and\u3000put\u3000them\u3000towards\u3000thinking\u3000about\u3000future\u3000lives\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000finally\uff1b\u3000turn\u3000our\u3000attention\u3000away\u3000from\u3000our\u3000future\u3000lives\u3000and\u3000think\u3000more\u3000of\u3000achieving\u3000liberation\u3000from\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002\u3000So\u3000through\u3000our\u3000contemplations\u3000on\u3000the\u3000misery\u3000of\u3000the\u3000world\u3000\uff08as\u3000it\u3000is\u3000translated\u3000here\uff09\u3000what\u3000is\u3000the\u3000sign\u3000that\u3000we\u3000have\u3000actually\u3000generated\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000striving\u3000for\u3000liberation\uff1f\u3000So\u3000we\u3000read\u3000the\u3000next\u3000stanza\uff1a
\n
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Contemplating\u3000this\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000when\u3000you\u3000do\u3000not\u3000for\u3000an\u3000instant\u3000wish\u3000for\u3000the\u3000pleasures\u3000of\u3000samsara\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000and\u3000day\u3000and\u3000night\u3000remain\u3000intent\u3000on\u3000liberation\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000you\u3000have\u3000then\u3000produced\u3000renunciation\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000here\u3000then\u3000through\u3000contemplating\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000’when\u3000you\u3000do\u3000not\u3000wish\u3000for\u3000an\u3000instant\u3000the\u3000pleasures\u3000of\u3000samsara’\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000it’s\u3000important\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000’do\u3000not\u3000for\u3000an\u3000instant\u3000wish\u3000for\u3000the\u3000pleasures\u3000of\u3000samsara’\u3002\u3000What\u3000we\u3000can\u3000undergo\u3000is\u3000a\u3000strong\u3000feeling\u3000of\u3000renunciation\u3000and\u3000wishing\u3000to\u3000be\u3000free\u3000from\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000in\u3000the\u3000next\u3000moment\u3000we\u3000want\u3000to\u3000do\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000very\u3000much\u3000within\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000or\u3000very\u3000much\u3000concerned\u3000with\u3000the\u3000pleasure\u3000of\u3000cyclic\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000or\u3000samsara\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000is\u3000a\u3000sign\u3000that\u3000we\u3000haven’t\u3000gained\u3000the\u3000fully\u3000qualified\u3000wish\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000renunciation\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000fully\u3000qualified\u3000wish\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000liberation\u3000from\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002\u3000The\u3000next\u3000two\u3000lines\u3000read\u3000’and\u3000day\u3000and\u3000night\u3000remain\u3000intent\u3000on\u3000liberation\uff1b\u3000you\u3000have\u3000then\u3000produced\u3000renunciation’\u3002\u3000So\u3000when\u3000we\u3000are\u3000continually\u3000thinking\u3000of\u3000achieving\u3000liberation\u3000from\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000at\u3000that\u3000moment\u3000that\u3000we\u3000have\u3000generated\u3000the\u3000fully\u3000qualified\u3000renunciation\uff1b\u3000at\u3000any\u3000time\u3000during\u3000a\u3000twenty\u2026four\u3000period\uff1b\u3000we\u3000are\u3000always\u3000concerned\u3000with\u3000liberation\u3000from\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000\u2026\u3000it’s\u3000at\u3000that\u3000point\u3000we\u3000have\u3000generated\u3000the\u3000fully\u3000qualified\u3000renunciation\u3002\u3000As\u3000is\u3000mentioned\u3000in\u3000the\u3000Letter\u3000to\u3000a\u3000Friend\uff1b\u3000we\u3000should\u3000be\u3000like\u3000a\u3000person\u3000whose\u3000hair\u3000has\u3000caught\u3000fire\uff1b\u3000if\u3000a\u3000person’s\u3000hair\u3000has\u3000caught\u3000alight\uff1b\u3000whatever\u3000they\u3000are\u3000doing\u3000\u2026\u3000whether\u3000it\u3000be\u3000important\u3000work\u3000or\u3000some\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000hobby\u3000\u2026\u3000that\u3000all\u3000gets\u3000thrown\u3000to\u3000one\u3000side\uff1b\u3000and\u3000one’s\u3000whole\u3000attention\u3000and\u3000one’s\u3000whole\u3000time\u3000and\u3000action\u3000is\u3000concerned\u3000only\u3000with\u3000one\u3000thing\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000putting\u3000out\u3000the\u3000fire\u3000on\u3000one’s\u3000head\u3002\u3000So\u3000in\u3000the\u3000same\u3000way\uff1b\u3000we\u3000should\u3000have\u3000renunciation\u3000like\u3000that\uff1b\u3000within\u3000which\u3000all\u3000other\u3000work\u3000apart\u3000from\u3000work\u3000which\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000lead\u3000us\u3000out\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000can\u3000be\u3000easily\u3000left\u3000aside\uff1b\u3000and\u3000we\u3000remain\u3000single\u2026pointed\u3000and\u3000steadfast\u3000in\u3000our\u3000attitude\u3000of\u3000striving\u3000for\u3000liberation\u3000from\u3000the\u3000vicious\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002\u3000So\u3000it\u3000is\u3000at\u3000that\u3000point\u3000that\u3000the\u3000fully\u3000qualified\u3000mind\u3000\u2026\u3000wishing\u3000to\u3000go\u3000forth\u3000from\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000or\u3000renunciation\uff1b\u3000has\u3000been\u3000developed\u3000in\u3000our\u3000being\uff1b\u3000or\u3000mind\u3002
\n
\nBodhi\u2026Mind
\n
\nThe\u3000next\u3000stanza\u3000then\u3000reads\uff1a
\n
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Renunciation\u3000without\u3000the\u3000pure\u3000bodhi\u2026mind\u3000does\u3000not\u3000bring\u3000forth
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000the\u3000perfect\u3000bliss\u3000of\u3000unsurpassed\u3000enlightenment\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Therefore\u3000the\u3000wise\u3000generate\u3000the\u3000excellent\u3000bodhi\u2026mind\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000here\uff1b\u3000even\u3000if\u3000one\u3000has\u3000generated\u3000the\u3000fully\u3000qualified\u3000renunciation\u3000\uff08that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000wishing\u3000to\u3000escape\u3000from\u3000the\u3000vicious\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff09\uff1b\u3000if\u3000one\u3000doesn’t\u3000contemplate\u3000the\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000of\u3000others\uff1b\u3000one’s\u3000kind\u3000mother\u3000sentient\u3000beings\uff1b\u3000then\u3000no\u3000matter\u3000how\u3000much\u3000renunciation\u3000one\u3000has\uff1b\u3000this\u3000is\u3000not\u3000going\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000having\u3000abandoned\u3000the\u3000most\u3000subtle\u3000abandonments\uff1b\u3000and\u3000having\u3000gathered\u3000together\u3000all\u3000the\u3000most\u3000excellent\u3000qualities\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000buddhahood\uff1b\u3000or\u3000unsurpassed\u3000enlightenment\u3002\u3000Therefore\u3000the\u3000wise\uff1b\u3000seeing\u3000that\u3000being\u3000without\u3000the\u3000bodhi\u3000mind\u3000\uff08that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000bodhicitta\uff09\u3000is\u3000not\u3000going\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000this\u3000state\u3000of\u3000unsurpassed\u3000or\u3000highest\u3000enlightenment\uff1b\u3000strive\u3000to\u3000generate\u3000within\u3000their\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000or\u3000within\u3000their\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000this\u3000wish\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000buddhahood\u3000for\u3000the\u3000sake\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\uff1b\u3000this\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000bodhicitta\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000in\u3000order\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000buddhahood\uff1b\u3000or\u3000unsurpassed\u3000enlightenment\uff1b\u3000one\u3000needs\u3000two\u3000factors\u3000\u2026\u3000method\u3000and\u3000wisdom\u3002\u3000So\u3000as\u3000is\u3000quoted\u3000in\u3000the\u3000sutras\uff1b\u3000method\u3000without\u3000wisdom\u3000is\u3000bondage\u3000and\u3000wisdom\u3000without\u3000message\u3000is\u3000again\uff1b\u3000bondage\u3002\u3000So\u3000what\u3000this\u3000tells\u3000is\u3000that\u3000we\u3000cannot\u3000achieve\u3000buddhahood\u3000through\u3000just\u3000one\uff1b\u3000either\u3000wisdom\u3000or\u3000method\u3000\u2026\u3000we\u3000need\u3000both\u3000of\u3000them\u3000in\u3000union\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000unsurpassed\u3000enlightenment\u3002\u3000This\u3000is\u3000also\u3000echoed\u3000in\u3000Chandrakirti’s\u3000book\u3000The\u3000Entrance\u3000to\u3000the\u3000Middle\u3000Way\u3000where\u3000he\u3000gives\u3000the\u3000analogy\u3000of\u3000the\u3000crane\u3000\u2026\u3000so\u3000when\u3000a\u3000crane\u3000flies\u3000through\u3000the\u3000sky\uff1b\u3000he\u3000does\u3000so\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000on\u3000both\u3000wings\uff1b\u3000if\u3000there\u3000is\u3000a\u3000fault\u3000with\u3000either\u3000of\u3000the\u3000wings\uff1b\u3000then\u3000the\u3000crane\u3000will\u3000not\u3000be\u3000able\u3000to\u3000fly\u3000from\u3000the\u3000east\u3000to\u3000the\u3000west\u3000or\u3000wherever\u3002\u3000So\u3000in\u3000the\u3000same\u3000way\uff1b\u3000in\u3000order\u3000for\u3000the\u3000crane\u2026like\u3000individual\u3000to\u3000’fly’\u3000to\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000omniscience\uff1b\u3000one\u3000needs\u3000both\u3000’wings’\u3000of\u3000method\u3000and\u3000wisdom\u3000unified\u3000together\u3000in\u3000one\u3000practice\u3002
\n
\nThis\u3000is\u3000again\u3000mentioned\u3000in\u3000the\u3000Abhisaymamalankara\u3000where\u3000it\u3000says\u3000that\u3000the\u3000final\uff1b\u3000or\u3000ultimate\uff1b\u3000peace\u3000is\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000not\u3000through\u3000just\u3000contemplation\u3000on\u3000the\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000\uff08that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000on\u3000selflessness\uff09\uff1b\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000is\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000through\u3000a\u3000dual\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000wisdom\u3000and\u3000method\u3002\u3000We\u3000can\u3000here\u3000see\u3000a\u3000fault\u3000in\u3000those\u3000foe\u2026destroyers\u3000of\u3000the\u3000hearer\u3000lineage\u3000in\u3000that\u3000they\u3000practise\u3000fully\u3000qualified\u3000renunciation\u3000and\u3000in\u3000addition\u3000to\u3000that\u3000meditate\u3000single\u2026pointedly\u3000upon\u3000selflessness\u3000or\u3000suchness\uff1b\u3000and\u3000through\u3000that\u3000they\u3000achieve\u3000a\u3000lesser\u3000state\u3000of\u3000emancipation\uff1b\u3000or\u3000lesser\u3000nirvana\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000as\u3000we\u3000are\u3000not\u3000striving\u3000for\u3000this\u3000lesser\u3000nirvana\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000for\u3000a\u3000higher\u3000nirvana\uff1b\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000add\u3000something\u3000else\u3000to\u3000our\u3000practice\uff1b\u3000and\u3000this\u3000additional\u3000practice\u3000which\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000utilise\u3000is\u3000this\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000great\u3000passion\u3000or\u3000’the\u3000great\u3000lord\u3000of\u3000the\u3000minds’\u3002\u3000This\u3000practice\uff1b\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000which\u3000the\u3000welfare\u3000for\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000is\u3000brought\u3000about\uff1b\u3000can\u3000thus\u3000take\u3000us\u3000to\u3000the\u3000end\u3000of\u3000the\u3000path\u3000of\u3000peace\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000to\u3000the\u3000highest\u3000state\u3000of\u3000enlightenment\u3002\u3000And\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000resultant\u3000state\uff1b\u3000then\u3000the\u3000various\u3000emanation\u3000bodies\u3000which\u3000e\u3000forth\u3000through\u3000the\u3000Buddha’s\u3000activities\uff1b\u3000again\uff1b\u3000these\u3000solely\u3000e\u3000about \n
\n \n
\n
\n
\n \u3000various\u3000emanation\u3000bodies\u3000which\u3000e\u3000forth\u3000through\u3000the\u3000Buddha’s\u3000activities\uff1b\u3000again\uff1b\u3000these\u3000solely\u3000e\u3000about\u3000through\u3000familiarisation\u3000with\u3000this\u3000mind\u3000striving\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000benefit\u3000for\u3000others\uff1b\u3000the\u3000great\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000strives\u3000to\u3000remove\u3000others’\u3000pain\u3000or\u3000this\u3000great\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000bodhicitta\u3002\u3000In\u3000this\u3000resultant\u3000stage\uff1b\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3000can\u3000emanate\u3000various\u3000emanations\u3000for\u3000the\u3000benefit\u3000of\u3000others\uff1b\u3000so\u3000this\u3000is\u3000a\u3000result\u3000of\u3000training\u3000oneself\u3000in\u3000the\u3000bodhi\u3000mind\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000generate\u3000this\u3000bodhi\u3000mind\u3002\u3000So\u3000there\u3000is\u3000a\u3000quote\u3000from\u3000the\u3000Mahayana\u3000sutra\u3000Alankara\u3000which\u3000says\uff1a\u3000\u3002\u3002\u3002\uff07end\u3000of\u3000side\u3000\u2026\u3000tape\u3000breaks\u3000here\uff07
\n
\n\u2026colours\u3000and\u3000lights\u3000going\u3000here\u3000and\u3000there\uff1b\u3000we\u3000think\u3000’oh\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000a\u3000nice\uff1b\u3000magical\u3000being\uff1b\u3000I\u3000want\u3000to\u3000bee\u3000just\u3000like\u3000that\u3000magical\u3000individual’\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000is\u3000not\u3000the\u3000bodhi\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000the\u3000correct\u3000attitude\u3000for\u3000achieving\u3000full\u3000enlightenment\uff1b\u3000rather\uff1b\u3000this\u3000is\u3000just\u3000a\u3000selfish\u3000wish\u3000to\u3000bee\u3000something\u3000rather\u3000odd\uff01\u3000However\uff1b\u3000as\u3000individuals\u3000striving\u3000for\u3000buddhahood\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000have\u3000two\u3000qualities\u3002\u3000The\u3000first\u3000quality\u3000is\u3000viewing\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000with\u3000a\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000great\u3000passion\uff1b\u3000wishing\u3000to\u3000free\u3000them\u3000from\u3000the\u3000predicament\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3000in\u3000which\u3000they\u3000find\u3000themselves\uff1b\u3000and\u3000it\u3000is\u3000said\u3000that\u3000the\u3000stronger\u3000one’s\u3000passion\uff1b\u3000the\u3000easier\u3000it\u3000is\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000this\u3000bodhi\u3000mind\u3002\u3000So\u3000the\u3000first\u3000cause\uff1b\u3000or\u3000first\u3000necessity\uff1b\u3000is\u3000bringing\u3000about\u3000this\u3000bodhi\u3000mind\u3002\u3000The\u3000second\u3000one\u3000is\u3000a\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000is\u3000bent\u3000on\u3000achieving\u3000full\u3000enlightenment\u3000to\u3000be\u3000of\u3000maximum\u3000use\u3000to\u3000other\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002\u3000So\u3000one\u3000needs\u3000to\u3000have\u3000these\u3000two\u3000contemplations\u3000together\u3000in\u3000order\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000buddahood\uff1b\u3000these\u3000are\u3000the\u3000two\u3000crucial\u3000points\u3000which\u3000one\u3000must\u3000have\u3000\u2026\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000wishing\u3000to\u3000liberate\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000from\u3000their\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000a\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000is\u3000determined\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000full\u3000enlightenment\u3000in\u3000order\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000this\u3000about\u3000in\u3000the\u3000best\u3000possible\u3000way\u3002
\n
\nThe\u3000Predicament\u3000of\u3000Sentient\u3000Beings
\n
\nIn\u3000order\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000this\u3000feeling\u3000of\u3000wishing\u3000to\u3000liberate\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000from\u3000their\u3000predicament\uff1b\u3000or\u3000their\u3000lot\uff1b\u3000of\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000their\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000or\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000Then\u3000the\u3000next\u3000line\u3000of\u3000our\u3000root\u3000text\u3000reads\uff1a
\n
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Swept\u3000by\u3000the\u3000current\u3000of\u3000the\u3000four\u3000powerful\u3000rivers\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000tied\u3000by\u3000strong\u3000bonds\u3000of\u3000karma\u3000so\u3000hard\u3000to\u3000undo\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000caught\u3000in\u3000the\u3000iron\u3000net\u3000of\u3000self\u2026grasping\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000pletely\u3000enveloped\u3000by\u3000the\u3000darkness\u3000of\u3000ignorance\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000here\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000use\u3000the\u3000first\u3000analogy\u3000’swept\u3000by\u3000the\u3000current\u3000of\u3000the\u3000four\u3000powerful\u3000rivers’\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000we\u3000use\u3000this\u3000imagery\u3000of\u3000four\u3000really\u3000strong\u3000rivers\u3000flowing\u3000very\u3000fast\uff1b\u3000then\u3000caught\u3000within\u3000the\u3000bination\u3000of\u3000those\u3000four\u3000rivers\u3002\u3000Here\u3000the\u3000’four\u3000rivers’\u3000are\u3000four\u3000factors\u3000which\u3000hold\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000in\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\uff1b\u3000or\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000So\u3000these\u3000are\u3000desire\uff1b\u3000views\u3000\uff08wrong\u3000views\uff09\uff1b\u3000existence\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000ignorance\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000these\u3000four\u3000\u2026\u3000ignorance\u3000is\u3000the\u3000initial\u3000cause\u3000of\u3000all\u3000the\u3000other\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3002\u3000So\u3000it\u3000is\u3000said\u3000the\u3000first\u3000moment\u3000is\u3000ignorance\u3000\u2026\u3000conceiving\u3000something\u3000in\u3000a\u3000wrong\u3000way\u3000\u2026\u3000and\u3000that\u3000confusion\u3000brings\u3000about\u3000all\u3000the\u3000other\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000thereafter\u3000all\u3000the\u3000actions\u3000that\u3000are\u3000entered\u3000into\u3000through\u3000the\u3000force\u3000of\u3000those\u3000wrong\u3000thoughts\u3000and\u3000then\u3000thereafter\u3000the\u3000various\u3000karmic\u3000results\u3000of\u3000those\u3000actions\u3002\u3000As\u3000for\u3000desire\u3000then\uff1b\u3000there\u3000are\u3000various\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000desire\u3000\u2026\u3000there\u3000is\u3000the\u3000strong\u3000desire\u3000which\u3000makes\u3000one’s\u3000mind\u3000change\u3000from\u3000something\u3000peaceful\u3000to\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000pletely\u3000intent\u3000on\u3000one\u3000object\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000the\u3000desire\u3000of\u3000carefully\u3000planning\u3000how\u3000to\u3000gain\u3000an\u3000object\u3000which\u3000one\u3000wants\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000Then\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000various\u3000views\uff1b\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000here\u3000by\u3000’view’\u3000is\u3000wrong\u3000view\u3002\u3000Wrong\u3000view\u3000here\u3000can\u3000be\u3000divided\u3000into\u3000five\uff1b\u3000such\u3000as\u3000the\u3000general\u3000wrong\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000or\u3000wrong\u3000consciousness\uff1b\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000Then\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000the\u3000third\uff1b\u3000existence\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\u3000\u2026\u3000here\uff1b\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000existence\u3000can\u3000also\u3000refer\u3000to\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000or\u3000samsara\uff1b\u3000and\u3000can\u3000also\u3000refer\u3000to\u3000karmic\u3000actions\u3000in\u3000the\u3000dormant\u3000and\u3000also\u3000in\u3000their\u3000fully\u3000ripened\u3000states\u3002\u3000So\u3000those\u3000four\u3000rivers\u3000bined\u3000as\u3000one\u3000are\u3000what\u3000is\u3000carrying\u3000our\u3000kind\u3000mother\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000along\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000we\u3000imagine\u3000somebody\u3000who\u3000has\u3000fallen\u3000into\u3000a\u3000fast\u2026flowing\u3000river\u3000or\u3000fallen\u3000into\u3000the\u3000rapids\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000they\u3000are\u3000able\u3000to\u3000shout\u3000for\u3000help\u3000then\u3000that\u3000is\u3000one\u3000thing\uff1b\u3000and\u3000if\u3000they\u3000are\u3000able\u3000to\u3000swim\u3000then\u3000there\u3000is\u3000every\u3000possibility\u3000that\u3000they\u3000will\u3000be\u3000able\u3000to\u3000reach\u3000the\u3000banks\u3000of\u3000the\u3000river\u3000and\u3000get\u3000out\u3000of\u3000this\u3000fast\u3000moving\u3000current\u3002
\n
\nHowever\uff1b\u3000this\u3000is\u3000not\u3000the\u3000case\u3000because\u3000as\u3000the\u3000next\u3000line\u3000of\u3000the\u3000root\u3000text\u3000tells\u3000us\u3000\u2026\u3000’tied\u3000by\u3000strong\u3000bonds\u3000of\u3000karma\u3000so\u3000hard\u3000to\u3000undo’\u3002\u3000So\u3000not\u3000only\u3000are\u3000these\u3000kind\u3000mother\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000swept\u3000along\u3000in\u3000this\u3000rapid\uff1b\u3000but\u3000in\u3000addition\uff1b\u3000their\u3000hands\u3000and\u3000feet\u3000are\u3000tied\u3000up\uff1b\u3000they\u3000are\u3000pletely\u3000bound\u3000up\u3000with\u3000very\u3000tough\u3000ropes\u3000and\u3000cannot\u3000possibly\u3000move\u3002\u3000And\u3000you\u3000would\u3000think\u3000then\u3000that\u3000even\u3000if\u3000this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000case\u3000they\u3000might\u3000be\u3000able\u3000to\u3000get\u3000out\u3000of\u3000these\u3000bonds\u3000by\u3000contortion\u3000or\u3000suchlike\uff1b\u3000but\u3000this\u3000again\u3000is\u3000not\u3000the\u3000case\u3000because\u3000in\u3000addition\u3000to\u3000being\u3000bound\uff1b\u3000\uff08as\u3000the\u3000third\u3000line\u3000reads\uff09\u3000they\u3000are\u3000’caught\u3000in\u3000the\u3000iron\u3000net\u3000of\u3000self\u2026grasping’\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000’iron\u3000net’\u3000can\u3000also\u3000be\u3000translated\u3000as\u3000’cage’\u3002\u3000So\u3000not\u3000only\u3000is\u3000one\u3000bobbing\u3000along\u3000pletely\u3000bound\u3000by\u3000the\u3000strong\u3000bonds\u3000of\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000but\u3000one\u3000is\u3000also\u3000wrapped\u3000in\u3000this\u3000chain\u2026mail\u3000of\u3000self\u2026grasping\u3002\u3000And\u3000you\u3000would\u3000think\u3000then\u3000that\u3000as\u3000this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000case\uff1b\u3000if\u3000one\u3000was\u3000fortunate\u3000enough\u3000to\u3000e\u3000into\u3000contact\u3000with\u3000a\u3000fisherman\u3000sitting\u3000on\u3000the\u3000riverbank\uff1b\u3000by\u3000calling\u3000out\u3000to\u3000him\uff1b\u3000if\u3000he\u3000is\u3000a\u3000kind\u2026hearted\u3000individual\uff1b\u3000he\u3000might\u3000throw\u3000us\u3000a\u3000line\u3000or\u3000try\u3000to\u3000hook\u3000us\u3000out\u3002\u3000However\uff1b\u3000this\u3000is\u3000again\u3000not\u3000the\u3000case\u3000because\u3000as\u3000the\u3000fourth\u3000line\u3000reads\u3000\u2026\u3000’pletely\u3000enveloped\u3000by\u3000the\u3000darkness\u3000of\u3000ignorance’\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000this\u3000example\u3000\u2026\u3000someone\u3000has\u3000been\u3000throw\u3000into\u3000a\u3000rapid\uff1b\u3000is\u3000being\u3000swept\u3000along\u3000by\u3000this\u3000powerfully\u3000moving\u3000water\uff1b\u3000not\u3000only\u3000are\u3000they\u3000bound\u3000up\u3000but\u3000they\u3000are\u3000wrapped\u3000in\u3000chain\u2026mail\u3000and\u3000it\u3000is\u3000the\u3000middle\u3000of\u3000the\u3000night\uff1b\u3000so\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000chance\u3000even\u3000to\u3000e\u3000into\u3000contact\u3000with\u3000somebody\u3000on\u3000the\u3000riverbank\u3000who\u3000one\u3000could\u3000call\u3000to\u3000and\u3000request\u3000assistance\u3000because\u3000it’s\u3000in\u3000the\u3000middle\u3000of\u3000the\u3000night\uff1b\u3000it’s\u3000very\u3000dark\uff1b\u3000and\u3000nobody\u3000goes\u3000to\u3000the\u3000riverbank\u3000at\u3000that\u3000time\u3002\u3000So\u3000in\u3000the\u3000same\u3000way\u3000there\u3000are\u3000the\u3000four\u3000powerful\u3000rivers\u3000which\u3000we\u3000have\u3000just\u3000gone\u3000through\u3000\uff08the\u3000four\u3000causes\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff09\uff1b\u3000then\u3000fettered\u3000by\u3000bonds\u3000of\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000wrapped\u3000in\u3000this\u3000chain\u2026mail\u3000of\u3000self\u2026grasping\uff1b\u3000pletely\u3000enveloped\u3000in\u3000the\u3000darkness\u3000of\u3000ignorance\u3000\u2026\u3000that\u3000is\u3000the\u3000pitiful\u3000state\u3000of\u3000one’s\u3000kind\u3000mother\u3000\/\u3000father\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002
\n
\nPhysical\u3000and\u3000Mental\u3000Suffering
\n
\nSo\u3000as\u3000is\u3000mentioned\u3000in\u3000Aryadeva’s\u3000book\u3000The\u3000Four\u3000Hundred\u3000Verses\uff1b\u3000the\u3000aristocrats\u3000are\u3000beset\u3000with\u3000mental\u3000suffering\u3000whereas\u3000the\u3000ordinary\u3000person\u3000is\u3000beset\u3000with\u3000physical\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000Whatever\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3000one\u3000is\u3000engaged\u3000in\uff1b\u3000one\u3000should\u3000daily\u3000try\u3000to\u3000put\u3000an\u3000end\u3000to\u3000such\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000then\u3000we\u3000can\u3000divide\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000grossly\u3000into\u3000two\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000dissatisfaction\uff1b\u3000or\u3000suffering\u3000which\u3000is\u3000physical\u3000and\u3000then\u3000that\u3000which\u3000is\u3000mental\u3002\u3000Then\u3000those\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000aristocrats\uff1b\u3000those\u3000who\u3000have\u3000very\u3000fine\u3000jobs\uff1b\u3000they\u3000are\u3000individuals\u3000who\u3000do\u3000not\u3000suffer\u3000so\u3000much\u3000physically\u3000\u2026\u3000they\u3000have\u3000nice\u3000places\u3000to\u3000live\uff1b\u3000nice\u3000food\u3000to\u3000eat\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000however\u3000they\u3000have\u3000a\u3000lot\u3000of\u3000mental\u3000torment\u3000\u2026\u3000thinking\u3000about\u3000the\u3000various\u3000businesses\u3000which\u3000they\u3000are\u3000involved\u3000in\uff1b\u3000the\u3000various\u3000meetings\u3000they\u3000have\u3000to\u3000go\u3000to\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3000\u2026\u3000that\u3000is\u3000their\u3000lot\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000Whereas\u3000for\u3000an\u3000ordinary\u3000working\u3000person\u3000there\u3000is\u3000not\u3000so\u3000much\u3000mental\u3000worry\u3000about\u3000rushing\u3000to\u3000meetings\uff1b\u3000buying\u3000and\u3000selling\u3000stocks\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000but\u3000there\u3000is\u3000physical\u3000suffering\u3000in\u3000that\u3000one\u3000has\u3000to\u3000work\u3000for\u3000one’s\u3000living\u3000so\u3000therefore\u3000one\u3000engages\u3000in\u3000various\u3000strenuous\u3000activities\u3002\u3000This\u3000is\u3000not\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000easily\u3000seen\u3000in\u3000the\u3000West\uff1b\u3000but\u3000in\u3000India\u3000if\u3000you\u3000look\u3000around\u3000building\u3000sites\u3000there\u3000are\u3000no\u3000cranes\u3000or\u3000lifting\u3000devices\u3000\u2026\u3000bricks\u3000are\u3000carried\u3000by\u3000the\u3000local\u3000people\u3000stacked\u3000high\u3000on\u3000the\u3000head\u3000and\u3000the\u3000cement\u3000is\u3000carried\u3000on\u3000the\u3000back\u3000by\u3000the\u3000coolies\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000you\u3000see\u3000the\u3000very\u3000low\u2026paid\uff1b\u3000low\u3000caste\u3000people\u3000in\u3000India\u3000you\u3000will\u3000see\u3000that\u3000they\u3000go\u3000through\u3000immense\u3000physical\u3000difficulty\uff1b\u3000but\u3000when\u3000they\u3000sit\u3000down\u3000there\u3000is\u3000not\u3000so\u3000much\u3000mental\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000or\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000their\u3000lot\u3000is\u3000that\u3000of\u3000physical\u3000difficulty\u3002\u3000Then\u3000as\u3000the\u3000text\u3000goes\u3000on\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000whatever\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3000it\u3000is\u3000\u2026\u3000whether\u3000mental\u3000or\u3000physical\uff1b\u3000one\u3000should\u3000daily\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000a\u3000practice\u3000which\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000the\u3000thorough\u3000removal\u3000of\u3000that\u3000dissatisfaction\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000using\u3000that\u3000quote\u3000from\u3000The\u3000Four\u3000Hundred\u3000Verses\u3000then\uff1b\u3000a\u3000person\u3000who\u3000has\u3000wealth\u3000when\u3000viewing\u3000how\u3000poorer\u3000people\u3000live\u3000might\u3000think\u3000’living\u3000such\u3000an\u3000aristocratic\u3000life\u3000is\u3000not\u3000all\u3000it’s\u3000cracked\u3000up\u3000to\u3000be\u3000\u2026\u3000living\u3000in\u3000the\u3000open\uff1b\u3000living\u3000a\u3000pauper’s\u3000life\u3000is\u3000something\u3000that\u3000is\u3000quite\u3000delightful\u3002\u3000I\u3000think\u3000I’m\u3000going\u3000to\u3000give\u3000up\u3000everything\u3000and\u3000go\u3000and\u3000live\u3000as\u3000a\u3000pauper\uff01’\u3000And\u3000then\u3000the\u3000paupers\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000working\u3000people\uff1b\u3000when\u3000viewing\u3000the\u3000aristocrats\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000wealthy\u3000individuals\uff1b\u3000think\u3000’oh\uff1b\u3000we\u3000have\u3000such\u3000a\u3000hard\u3000time\u3000\u2026\u3000all\u3000this\u3000work\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000do\u3000but\u3000those\u3000guys\u3000are\u3000just\u3000sitting\u3000around\uff1b\u3000they\u3000have\u3000nice\u3000food\u3000to\u3000eat\uff1b\u3000servants\u3000to\u3000wait\u3000upon\u3000them\uff1b\u3000nice\u3000fortable\u3000beds\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000How\u3000great\u3000it\u3000would\u3000be\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000such\u3000a\u3000status\uff01’\u3000However\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000that\u3000with\u3000a\u3000vaster\u3000view\uff1b\u3000we\u3000see\u3000that\u3000both\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000individuals\u3000are\u3000undergoing\u3000dissatisfaction\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000which\u3000they\u3000are\u3000undergoing\u3000is\u3000same\u3000in\u3000essence\u3000but\u3000different\u3000in\u3000aspect\uff1b\u3000different\u3000in\u3000aspect\u3000in\u3000the\u3000sense\u3000that\u3000for\u3000a\u3000poorer\u3000individual\u3000it\u3000is\u3000physical\u3000but\u3000for\u3000a\u3000wealthy\u3000individual\u3000it’s\u3000mental\u3002\u3000But\u3000the\u3000contaminated\u3000actions\u3000which\u3000have\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000their\u3000very\u3000existence\u3000are\u3000ones\u3000within\u3000which\u3000one\u3000can\u3000never\u3000find\u3000any\u3000permanent\u3000peace\uff1b\u3000rather\u3000as\u3000we\u3000mentioned\u3000earlier\uff1b\u3000the\u3000first\u3000moment\u3000can\u3000be\u3000somewhat\u3000peaceful\u3000or\u3000joyful\uff1b\u3000but\u3000then\u3000as\u3000soon\u3000as\u3000that\u3000is\u3000over\u3000with\uff1b\u3000the\u3000experience\u3000changes\u3000into\u3000something\u3000 \n
\n \n
\n
\n
\n at\u3000peaceful\u3000or\u3000joyful\uff1b\u3000but\u3000then\u3000as\u3000soon\u3000as\u3000that\u3000is\u3000over\u3000with\uff1b\u3000the\u3000experience\u3000changes\u3000into\u3000something\u3000other\u3000than\u3000what\u3000it\u3000initially\u3000was\u3002\u3000So\u3000viewing\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000or\u3000samsara\uff1b\u3000as\u3000the\u3000product\u3000of\u3000contaminated\u3000actions\uff1b\u3000contaminated\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000should\u3000strive\u3000to\u3000put\u3000an\u3000end\u3000to\u3000all\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000and\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000of\u3000that\u3000dissatisfaction\uff1b\u3000not\u3000just\u3000one\u3000particular\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000those\u3000various\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\u3002\u3000We\u3000should\u3000strive\u3000to\u3000abandon\u3000the\u3000whole\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000and\u3000this\u3000is\u3000echoed\u3000in\u3000the\u3000prayer\u3000to\u3000the\u3000lineage\u3000gurus\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Lam\u3000Rim\u3000genre\u3000of\u3000teachings\u3000by\u3000Tsong\u3000Khapa\u3000when\u3000he\u3000says\u3000that\u3000one\u3000should\u3000strive\u3000to\u3000abandon\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000its\u3000existence\u3000through\u3000seeing\u3000its\u3000faults\uff1b\u3000through\u3000seeing\u3000how\u3000it\u3000is\u3000impermanent\u3000and\u3000through\u3000seeing\u3000how\u3000it\u3000is\u3000not\u3000something\u3000that\u3000is\u3000very\u3000stable\u3002
\n
\nBODHICITTA
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000through\u3000contemplating\u3000the\u3000faults\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000and\u3000then\u3000generating\u3000a\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000wishes\u3000to\u3000abandon\u3000those\u3000faults\u3000and\u3000the\u3000sufferings\u3000ing\u3000therefrom\uff1b\u3000one\u3000can\u3000strive\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000generating\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000cognises\u3000selflessness\uff1b\u3000\uff08whether\u3000it\u3000be\u3000selflessness\u3000of\u3000persons\u3000or\u3000selflessness\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000or\u3000emptiness\uff1b\u3000whatever\u3000you\u3000like\u3000to\u3000designate\u3000that\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000reality\uff09\u3002\u3000Then\u3000through\u3000that\u3000one\u3000can\u3000achieve\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000nirvana\u3000or\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000cessation\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000this\u3000state\u3000of\u3000cessation\u3000then\u3000\u2026\u3000you\u3000may\u3000wonder\u3000’can\u3000I\u3000remain\u3000in\u3000this\u3000state\uff1f’\u3000But\u3000if\u3000we\u3000contemplate\u3000this\uff1b\u3000what\u3000is\u3000known\u3000as\u3000a\u3000’lesser’\uff1b\u3000enlightenment\u3000is\u3000not\u3000the\u3000full\u3000fruition\u3000of\u3000one’s\u3000endeavours\u3000towards\u3000generating\u3000qualities\u3000and\u3000abandoning\u3000negativities\u3000within\u3000oneself\u3002\u3000That\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\u3000one\u3000hasn\u2019t\u3000brought\u3000to\u3000a\u3000final\u3000fruition\u3000one\u2019s\u3000spiritual\u3000path\uff1b\u3000and\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000others\uff1b\u3000one\u3000hasn\u2019t\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000any\u3000final\u3000stages\u3000of\u3000spiritual\u3000practice\u3000or\u3000endeavour\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000being\u3000the\u3000case\u3000then\uff1b\u3000one\u3000should\u3000contemplate\u3000remaining\u3000in\u3000this\u3000lesser\u3000enlightenment\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000contemplate\u3000the\u3000qualities\u3000of\u3000the\u3000highest\u3000unsurpassable\u3000state\u3000of\u3000enlightenment\u3002\u3000So\u3000we\u3000can\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000difference\u3000twofold\uff1a\u3000With\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000one\u2019s\u3000own\u3000practice\u3000then\uff1b\u3000one\u3000hasn\u2019t\u3000reached\u3000the\u3000limit\u3000of\u3000one\u2019s\u3000spiritual\u3000practice\u3002\u3000That\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000from\u3000the\u3000side\u3000of\u3000abandonment\uff1b\u3000one\u3000might\u3000have\u3000removed\u3000the\u3000grosser\u3000delusions\uff1b\u3000but\u3000one\u3000still\u3000hasn’t\u3000removed\u3000the\u3000subtle\u3000imprints\u3000left\u3000by\u3000those\u3000delusions\u3000on\u3000one’s\u3000mental\u3000continuum\uff1b\u3000or\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000obstructions\u3000or\u3000the\u3000stains\u3000which\u3000prevent\u3000the\u3000forcing\u3000of\u3000omniscience\u3000or\u3000full\u3000enlightenment\u3002\u3000Then\u3000from\u3000the\u3000side\u3000of\u3000achieving\u3000qualities\u3000\u2026\u3000even\u3000though\u3000one\u3000has\u3000achieved\u3000certain\u3000qualities\u3000through\u3000this\u3000lesser\u3000nirvana\uff1b\u3000like\u3000the\u3000direct\u3000perception\u3000of\u3000emptiness\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000one\u3000still\u3000hasn’t\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000the\u3000qualities\u3000of\u3000Buddhahood\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000varying\u3000inconceivable\u3000qualities\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Buddha’s\u3000enlightened\u3000activity\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000can\u3000see\u3000that\u3000a\u3000person\u3000staying\u3000in\u3000a\u3000lesser\u3000enlightenment\u3000is\u3000inparable\u3000with\u3000somebody\u3000who\u3000has\u3000achieved\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000unsurpassable\u3000full\u3000awakening\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000has\u3000bee\u3000Buddha\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000that\u3000individual\uff1b\u3000through\u3000having\u3000achieved\u3000the\u3000status\u3000of\u3000Fully\u3000Enlightened\u3000One\uff1b\u3000has\u3000not\u3000only\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000the\u3000final\u3000result\u3000of\u3000his\u3000or\u3000her\u3000spiritual\u3000endeavour\uff1b\u3000but\u3000also\u3000at\u3000the\u3000same\u3000time\u3000has\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000the\u3000ultimate\u3000benefit\u3000for\u3000all\u3000other\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002\u3000That\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000having\u3000achieved\u3000that\u3000state\uff1b\u3000he\u3000or\u3000she\u3000is\u3000able\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000manifest\u3000inconceivable\u3000benefit\u3000for\u3000all\u3000other\u3000sentient\u3000beings\uff1b\u3000the\u3000likes\u3000of\u3000which\u3000is\u3000not\u3000known\u3000or\u3000is\u3000unable\u3000to\u3000be\u3000performed\u3000by\u3000any\u3000other\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000being\u3002\u3000Then\u3000through\u3000having\u3000achieved\u3000that\u3000state\uff1b\u3000one\u3000has\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000the\u3000final\u3000fruition\u3000of\u3000one\u2019s\u3000own\u3000spiritual\u3000practice\u3000and\u3000has\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000the\u3000extreme\u3000of\u3000being\u3000of\u3000use\uff1b\u3000or\u3000of\u3000benefit\uff1b\u3000to\u3000others\u3002\u3000So\u3000the\u3000cause\u3000of\u3000giving\u3000rise\u3000to\u3000that\u3000spiritual\u3000state\u3000is\u3000bodhicitta\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000we\u3000should\u3000understand\u3000how\u3000to\u3000generate\u3000this\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000bodhicitta\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000way\u3000of\u3000meditating\u3000upon\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000which\u3000give\u3000rise\u3000to\u3000the\u3000bodhicitta\u3000are\u3000explained\u3000as\u3000the\u3000’six\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000one\u3000effect’\u3000instructions\u3002
\n
\n‘Six\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000one\u3000result’\u3000instruction
\n
\nThis\u3000’six\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000one\u3000result’\u3000instruction\u3000for\u3000developing\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000aspiring\u3000to\u3000highest\u3000enlightenment\u3000for\u3000the\u3000benefit\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000\uff08that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000bodhicitta\uff09\u3000\u2026\u3000let\u3000us\u3000look\u3000at\u3000this\u3000from\u3000the\u3000point\u3000of\u3000view\u3000of\u3000the\u3000resultant\u3000state\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000bodhicitta\u3002\u3000The\u3000direct\u3000cause\u3000of\u3000bodhicitta\u3000is\u3000this\u3000special\u3000intent\u3000\u2026\u3000this\u3000thought\u3000that\u3000’I\u3000myself\u3000must\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000this\u3000particular\u3000effort\u3000in\u3000order\u3000to\u3000benefit\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings’\u3002\u3000The\u3000special\u3000intent\u3000has\u3000as\u3000its\u3000cause\u3000a\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000great\u3000passion\u3002\u3000’Great\u3000passion’\u3000is\u3000the\u3000wish\u3000to\u3000separate\u3000each\u3000and\u3000every\u3000sentient\u3000being\u3000from\u3000not\u3000only\u3000dissatisfaction\uff1b\u3000but\u3000also\u3000the\u3000very\u3000causes\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\u3002\u3000The\u3000cause\u3000for\u3000this\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000great\u3000passion\u3000is\u3000a\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000great\u3000love\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000’great\u3000love’\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000the\u3000attitude\u3000which\u3000wishes\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000to\u3000have\u3000not\u3000only\u3000manifest\u3000happiness\u3000and\u3000well\u2026being\uff1b\u3000but\u3000also\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000which\u3000will\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000such\u3000happiness\u3000and\u3000well\u2026being\u3002\u3000This\u3000then\u3000has\u3000as\u3000its\u3000cause\u3000the\u3000wish\u3000to\u3000repay\u3000the\u3000kindness\u3000of\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000when\u3000we\u3000think\u3000about\u3000repaying\u3000the\u3000kindness\uff1b\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000remember\u3000the\u3000kindness\u3000which\u3000we\u3000have\u3000been\u3000shown\u3000in\u3000the\u3000past\u3000\u2026\u3000thus\u3000we\u3000have\u3000the\u3000fifth\u3000cause\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\uff1b\u3000remembering\u3000the\u3000kindness\u3000of\u3000others\u3002\u3000And\u3000the\u3000kindest\u3000person\u3000to\u3000oneself\u3000is\u3000one’s\u3000mother\uff1b\u3000so\u3000the\u3000first\u3000\uff08or\u3000the\u3000last\u3000in\u3000the\u3000way\u3000that\u3000we\u3000are\u3000here\u3000presenting\u3000it\u3000at\u3000the\u3000moment\uff09\u3000cause\u3000is\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000views\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000as\u3000having\u3000been\u3000one’s\u3000kind\u3000mother\u3000in\u3000a\u3000previous\u3000existence\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000recognising\u3000all\u3000beings\u3000as\u3000having\u3000been\u3000one’s\u3000mother\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000have\u3000a\u3000certain\u3000attitude\u3000towards\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002\u3000Because\u3000at\u3000the\u3000moment\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000are\u3000honest\u3000with\u3000ourselves\uff1b\u3000the\u3000way\u3000we\u3000view\u3000others\u3000is\u3000that\u3000we\u3000hold\u3000those\u3000who\u3000are\u3000our\u3000friends\u3000or\u3000our\u3000relatives\u3000very\u3000close\uff1b\u3000whereas\u3000we\u3000put\u3000a\u3000great\u3000distance\u3000between\u3000ourselves\u3000and\u3000those\u3000who\u3000are\u3000unkind\u3000to\u3000us\uff1b\u3000or\u3000are\u3000our\u3000enemies\u3002\u3000So\u3000the\u3000difference\u3000between\u3000the\u3000way\u3000we\u3000view\u3000friends\u3000and\u3000enemies\u3000is\u3000as\u3000vast\u3000as\u3000the\u3000ocean\u3002\u3000If\u3000our\u3000friends\u3000and\u3000relatives\u3000have\u3000nice\u3000experiences\uff1b\u3000nice\u3000things\uff1b\u3000nice\u3000food\u3000then\u3000we\u3000are\u3000very\u3000happy\uff1b\u3000if\u3000they\u3000undergo\u3000any\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000difficulty\u3000then\u3000we\u3000feel\u3000very\u3000sad\uff1b\u3000we\u3000wish\u3000to\u3000be\u3000a\u3000friend\u3000at\u3000that\u3000time\u3000or\u3000to\u3000separate\u3000them\u3000from\u3000that\u3000dissatisfaction\u3002\u3000Then\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000our\u3000enemy\uff1b\u3000the\u3000way\u3000we\u3000view\u3000them\u3000is\u3000that\u3000if\u3000they\u3000have\u3000any\u3000good\u3000qualities\u3000whatsoever\u3000or\u3000any\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000enjoyment\uff1b\u3000then\u3000our\u3000mind\u2026state\u3000bees\u3000perturbed\uff1b\u3000we\u3000wish\u3000to\u3000pete\u3000with\u3000them\uff1b\u3000we\u3000generate\u3000jealousy\u3000towards\u3000them\uff1b\u3000we\u3000generate\u3000covetousness\u3000towards\u3000the\u3000enjoyments\u3000which\u3000they\u3000might\u3000possess\u3002\u3000And\u3000if\u3000they\u3000have\u3000any\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000difficulty\u3000whatsoever\u3000then\u3000we\u3000greatly\u3000rejoice\uff1b\u3000and\u3000we\u3000are\u3000praying\u3000that\u3000it\u3000might\u3000increase\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000So\u3000with\u3000a\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000is\u3000so\u3000one\u2026sided\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000almost\u3000impossible\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000this\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000recognises\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000as\u3000having\u3000been\u3000one’s\u3000kind\u3000mother\u3002\u3000So\u3000initially\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000equalise\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\uff1b\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000view\u3000them\u3000all\u3000in\u3000an\u3000equal\u3000light\u3002\u3000And\u3000then\u3000through\u3000having\u3000an\u3000equal\u3000attitude\u3000towards\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\uff1b\u3000whether\u3000they\u3000be\u3000kind\u3000or\u3000difficult\u3000towards\u3000us\uff1b\u3000then\u3000on\u3000the\u3000basis\u3000of\u3000that\u3000view\uff1b\u3000we\u3000are\u3000able\u3000to\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practices\u3000which\u3000will\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000this\u3000mind\u3000striving\u3000for\u3000full\u3000awakening\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000bodhicitta\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000initially\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000make\u3000the\u3000ground\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000field\uff1b\u3000within\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000plant\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000which\u3000will\u3000give\u3000rise\u3000to\u3000bodhicitta\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000aspiring\u3000striving\u3000for\u3000enlightenment\u3000for\u3000the\u3000benefit\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002\u3000You\u3000may\u3000then\u3000wonder\u3000\u2013\u3000isn\u2019t\u3000this\u3000a\u3000case\u3000of\u3000a\u3000numerical\u3000miscalculation\u3000\u2013\u3000surely\u3000there\u3000are\u3000seven\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000one\u3000effect\uff1f\u3000But\u3000this\u3000is\u3000not\u3000the\u3000case\u3000\u2013\u3000there\u3000are\u3000six\u3000causes\u3000but\u3000the\u3000six\u3000causes\u3000are\u3000like\u3000seeds\u3000which\u3000need\u3000to\u3000be\u3000planted\u3000in\u3000a\u3000field\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000the\u3000\u2018field\u2019\u3000is\u3000one\u3000of\u3000an\u3000equal\u3000view\u3000of\u3000equanimity\u3000towards\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\uff1b\u3000then\u3000within\u3000that\u3000field\uff1b\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000which\u3000will\u3000give\u3000rise\u3000naturally\u3000to\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000aspiring\u3000to\u3000full\u3000enlightenment\u3000are\u3000then\u3000planted\u3002\u3000So\u3000initially\u3000one\u3000needs\u3000to\u3000clean\u3000out\u3000or\u3000make\u3000ready\u3000the\u3000field\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000bed\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000slowly\u3000plant\u3000the\u3000seeds\u3000serially\u3000in\u3000that\u3002
\n
\nPrevious\u3000lives
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\nIn\u3000order\u3000to\u3000develop\u3000this\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000views\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000in\u3000an\u3000equal\u3000light\uff1b\u3000one\u3000needs\u3000to\u3000view\u3000one’s\u3000friends\u3000as\u3000friends\u3000in\u3000this\u3000lifetime\uff1b\u3000but\u3000then\u3000contemplate\u3000that\u3000in\u3000a\u3000previous\u3000existence\u3000they\u3000may\u3000have\u3000been\u3000one’s\u3000worst\u3000enemies\uff1b\u3000and\u3000those\u3000who\u3000caused\u3000one\u3000a\u3000great\u3000amount\u3000of\u3000difficulty\u3000and\u3000harm\u3002\u3000Then\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000one’s\u3000enemies\uff1b\u3000one\u3000can\u3000contemplate\u3000that\u3000in\u3000a\u3000previous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000these\u3000individuals\u3000may\u3000have\u3000been\u3000those\u3000who\u3000were\u3000extremely\u3000kind\u3000to\u3000one\uff1b\u3000having\u3000been\u3000one’s\u3000kind\u3000parents\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000then\u3000we\u3000are\u3000talking\u3000about\u3000previous\u3000existences\uff1b\u3000we\u3000are\u3000not\u3000limiting\u3000ourselves\u3000to\u3000this\u3000life\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000in\u3000order\u3000for\u3000this\u3000to\u3000have\u3000some\u3000weight\u3000behind\u3000it\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000contemplate\u3000the\u3000existence\u3000of\u3000previous\u3000lives\uff1b\u3000and\u3000to\u3000do\u3000this\u3000we\u3000should\u3000utilise\u3000the\u3000reasoning\u3000that\u3000is\u3000given\u3000in\u3000the\u3000Pramanavarttika\uff1a\u3000The\u3000first\u3000moment\u3000of\u3000awareness\u3000of\u3000a\u3000fetus\u3000has\u3000a\u3000preceding\u3000moment\u3000which\u3000is\u3000similar\u3000to\u3000it\u3002\u3000The\u3000root\u3000text\u3000of\u3000that\u3000book\u3000tells\u3000us\u3000to\u3000separate\u3000what\u3000we\u3000know\u3000as\u3000the\u3000\u2018body\u2019\u3000and\u3000\u2018mind\u2019\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000of\u3000both\u3000of\u3000them\u3002\u3000If\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000cause\u3000of\u3000our\u3000present\u3000physical\u3000form\uff1b\u3000then\u3000that\u3000is\u3000the\u3000sperm\u3000of\u3000the\u3000father\u3000and\u3000the\u3000blood\u3000of\u3000the\u3000mother\u3000ing\u3000together\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000the\u3000substantial\u3000cause\u3000of\u3000our\u3000human\u3000form\u3002\u3000But\u3000this\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\u3000is\u3000not\u3000enough\u3000\u2026\u3000there\u3000has\u3000to\u3000be\u3000something\u3000else\u3000added\u3000to\u3000that\u3000in\u3000order\u3000for\u3000a\u3000live\u3000human\u3000being\u3000to\u3000then\u3000develop\u3000in\u3000the\u3000mother’s\u3000womb\u3000and\u3000be\u3000born\u3000\u2026\u3000and\u3000this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000consciousness\u3000which\u3000has\u3000to\u3000enter\u3000into\u3000that\u3000mixture\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000when\u3000the\u3000three\u3000factors\u3000are\u3000plete \n
\n \n
\n
\n
\n is\u3000the\u3000consciousness\u3000which\u3000has\u3000to\u3000enter\u3000into\u3000that\u3000mixture\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000when\u3000the\u3000three\u3000factors\u3000are\u3000plete\uff1b\u3000the\u3000fetus\u3000can\u3000start\u3000to\u3000grow\u3000and\u3000develop\u3000in\u3000the\u3000mother’s\u3000womb\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000this\u3000first\u3000moment\u3000of\u3000awareness\u3000is\u3000a\u3000consciousness\uff1b\u3000a\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000and\u3000its\u3000substantial\u3000cause\u3000should\u3000be\u3000one\u3000which\u3000is\u3000concordant\u3000with\u3000it\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000it\u3000should\u3000be\u3000another\u3000moment\u3000of\u3000consciousness\u3002\u3000Now\u3000that\u3000moment\u3000of\u3000consciousness\u3000doesn\u2019t\u3000e\u3000from\u3000the\u3000white\u3000substance\u3000from\u3000the\u3000father\u3000or\u3000the\u3000red\u3000substance\u3000from\u3000the\u3000mother\uff1b\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000es\u3000from\u3000what\u3000is\u3000known\u3000as\u3000the\u3000’intermediate\u3000state\u3000being’\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000’bardo\u3000being’\u3002\u3000So\u3000at\u3000that\u3000point\u3000then\uff1b\u3000the\u3000bardo\u3000being\u3000ceases\u3000to\u3000be\u3000and\u3000that\u3000consciousness\u3000then\u3000enters\u3000into\u3000the\u3000white\u3000and\u3000red\u3000mixture\u3002\u3000So\u3000it\u3000is\u3000not\u3000the\u3000case\u3000that\u3000minds\u3000e\u3000out\u3000of\u3000nowhere\u3000and\u3000then\u3000disappear\u3000again\uff1b\u3000rather\u3000they\u3000e\u3000into\u3000being\u3000through\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000a\u3000cause\uff1b\u3000which\u3000is\u3000a\u3000substantial\u3000cause\u3000which\u3000is\u3000similar\u3000to\u3000them\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000we\u3000understand\u3000that\uff1b\u3000we\u3000trace\u3000back\u3000our\u3000existence\u3000\u2026\u3000the\u3000time\u3000we\u3000were\u3000born\uff1b\u3000the\u3000time\u3000when\u3000we\u3000were\u3000in\u3000the\u3000mother’s\u3000womb\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000the\u3000time\u3000of\u3000the\u3000three\u3000\uff08that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\u3000the\u3000white\u3000and\u3000the\u3000red\u3000liquids\u3000and\u3000then\u3000the\u3000consciousness\u3000ing\u3000together\uff09\uff1b\u3000the\u3000moment\u3000before\u3000that\u3000when\u3000we\u3000were\u3000what\u3000is\u3000known\u3000as\u3000an\u3000intermediate\u3000state\u3000being\u3002\u3000And\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000trace\u3000the\u3000intermediate\u3000state\u3000being’s\u3000consciousness\u3000back\u3000to\u3000the\u3000principal\u3000cause\u3000of\u3000that\uff1b\u3000which\u3000is\u3000the\u3000person\u3000who\u3000is\u3000passing\u3000away\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000trace\u3000that\u3000last\u3000moment\u3000of\u3000a\u3000human\u3000being’s\u3000life\u3000back\u3000to\u3000birth\uff1b\u3000and\u3000so\u3000on\u3002\u3000So\u3000we\u3000see\u3000that\u3000there\u3000is\u3000not\u3000an\u3000end\u3000to\u3000one’s\u3000previous\u3000existences\u3002\u3000So\u3000that’s\u3000why\u3000it\u3000is\u3000said\u3000that\u3000consciousness\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\u3000doesn’t\u3000have\u3000a\u3000beginning\u3000but\u3000it\u3000does\u3000have\u3000an\u3000end\uff1b\u3000in\u3000the\u3000sense\u3000that\u3000when\u3000we\u3000achieve\u3000full\u3000enlightenment\uff1b\u3000at\u3000that\u3000point\uff1b\u3000we\u3000won’t\u3000be\u3000under\u3000the\u3000control\u3000of\u3000the\u3000afflictive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000karma\u3002\u3000So\u3000we\u3000will\u3000be\u3000free\u3000of\u3000being\u3000a\u3000consciousness\u3000which\u3000is\u3000wandering\u3000under\u3000the\u3000control\u3000of\u3000others\u2026
\n
\nSo\u3000through\u3000this\u3000we\u3000can\u3000see\u3000not\u3000only\u3000ourselves\u3000having\u3000a\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000is\u3000without\u3000beginning\uff1b\u3000but\u3000all\u3000other\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000also\u3000having\u3000a\u3000similar\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000also\u3000having\u3000worn\u3000various\u3000forms\u3000in\u3000the\u3000past\uff1b\u3000having\u3000acted\u3000out\u3000various\u3000parts\u3000of\u3000mothers\u3000and\u3000fathers\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3000in\u3000the\u3000past\u3002\u3000So\u3000through\u3000this\u3000continual\u3000contemplation\uff1b\u3000our\u3000initial\u3000feeling\u3000that\u3000’I\u3000think\u3000there\u3000is\u3000a\u3000past\u3000life\uff1b\u3000I\u3000think\u3000there\u3000might\u3000be\u3000a\u3000future\u3000life’\u3000bees\u3000stabilised\u3002\u3000Through\u3000having\u3000stabilised\u3000this\u3000view\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000see\u3000that\u3000it\u3000is\u3000very\u3000feasible\u3000that\u3000those\u3000who\u3000are\u3000close\u3000to\u3000us\u3000now\u3000have\u3000in\u3000past\u3000existences\u3000been\u3000our\u3000enemies\uff1b\u3000and\u3000those\u3000who\u3000are\u3000our\u3000enemies\u3000now\u3000have\u3000at\u3000some\u3000point\u3000in\u3000the\u3000past\u3000been\u3000very\u3000kind\u3000to\u3000us\u3002\u3000So\u3000through\u3000this\u3000repeated\u3000contemplation\u3000we\u3000will\u3000start\u3000to\u3000view\u3000from\u3000our\u3000side\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000in\u3000an\u3000equal\u3000light\u3002\u3000Thus\u3000we\u3000will\u3000develop\u3000the\u3000view\u3000of\u3000equanimity\u3000to\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002
\n
\nReasonings\u3000and\u3000views\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000equanimity
\n
\nDeveloping\u3000this\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000views\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000equally\uff1b\u3000one\u3000should\u3000strive\u3000to\u3000develop\u3000these\u3000reasonings\u3000and\u3000views\u3000within\u3000oneself\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000the\u3000field\u3000within\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000plant\u3000the\u3000seeds\u3000for\u3000bodhicitta\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000through\u3000having\u3000contemplated\u3000the\u3000reasonings\u3000which\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000the\u3000correct\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000understands\u3000the\u3000actual\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000past\u3000and\u3000future\u3000lives\uff1b\u3000then\u3000let\u3000us\u3000try\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000this\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000equal\u3000view\u3000towards\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002
\n
\nNeutral\u3000person
\n
\nSo\u3000in\u3000order\u3000then\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000this\u3000about\uff1b\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000have\u3000a\u3000starting\u3000point\uff1b\u3000or\u3000a\u3000reference\u3000point\uff1b\u3000and\u3000one\u3000of\u3000the\u3000very\u3000important\u3000pith\u3000instructions\u3000is\u3000to\u3000view\u3000somebody\u3000to\u3000whom\u3000one\u3000has\u3000no\u3000particular\u3000attraction\u3000or\u3000aversion\uff1b\u3000an\u3000ordinary\u3000person\u3000which\u3000one\u3000may\u3000have\u3000just\u3000seen\u3000on\u3000the\u3000street\u3000one\u3000day\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000view\u3000that\u3000person\u3000in\u3000front\u3000of\u3000oneself\u3000with\u3000the\u3000motivation\u3000that\u3000’I\u3000am\u3000going\u3000to\u3000develop\u3000a\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000equanimity\u3000towards\u3000that\u3000individual’\u3002\u3000One\u3000begins\u3000the\u3000contemplation\u3000that\u3000this\u3000individual\u3000is\u3000one\u3000whom\u3000I\u3000may\u3000have\u3000known\u3000well\u3000in\u3000a\u3000previous\u3000existence\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3000Contemplate\u3000the\u3000reasons\u3000why\u3000that\u3000person\u3000has\u3000had\u3000previous\u3000existences\uff1b\u3000how\u3000we\u3000may\u3000have\u3000had\u3000relationships\u3000with\u3000that\u3000individual\u3000in\u3000the\u3000past\uff1b\u3000be\u3000it\u3000a\u3000good\u3000relationship\u3000or\u3000a\u3000bad\u3000relationship\u3002\u3000Then\u3000after\u3000having\u3000meditated\u3000upon\u3000the\u3000various\u3000reasonings\u3000which\u3000we\u3000have\u3000gone\u3000through\uff1b\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000equanimity\u3000will\u3000start\u3000to\u3000arise\u3000within\u3000one’s\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000or\u3000being\u3002
\n
\nThen\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000view\u3000not\u3000only\u3000those\u3000to\u3000whom\u3000we\u3000have\u3000no\u3000particular\u3000affinity\u3000but\u3000also\u3000those\u3000friends\u3000which\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000desire\uff1b\u3000and\u3000those\u3000enemies\u3000which\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000self\u2026grasping\uff1b\u3000anger\u3000and\u3000the\u3000rest\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3002\u3000So\u3000when\u3000we\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000these\u3000contemplations\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000do\u3000it\u3000in\u3000either\u3000a\u3000vast\u3000way\u3000or\u3000an\u3000abbreviated\u3000way\u3002\u3000If\u3000we\u3000do\u3000it\u3000in\u3000a\u3000vast\u3000way\u3000then\u3000\u2026\u3000viewing\u3000somebody\u3000whom\u3000we\u3000have\u3000no\u3000particular\u3000attachment\u3000or\u3000aversion\u3000to\uff1b\u3000on\u3000either\u3000side\u3000of\u3000that\u3000person\u3000we\u3000can\u3000visualise\u3000different\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000friends\u3000and\u3000different\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000enemies\u3002\u3000Let’s\u3000say\u3000we\u3000make\u3000a\u3000division\u3000into\u3000three\u3000\u2026\u3000those\u3000to\u3000whom\u3000we\u3000are\u3000very\u3000attached\uff1b\u3000very\u3000close\u3000to\uff1b\u3000then\u3000those\u3000whom\u3000we\u3000are\u3000quite\u3000close\u3000to\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000those\u3000whom\u3000we\u3000have\u3000some\u3000vague\u3000feeling\u3000of\u3000closeness\u3000towards\u3002\u3000Then\u3000the\u3000same\u3000with\u3000enemies\u3000\u2026\u3000we\u3000can\u3000have\u3000our\u3000very\u3000great\u3000enemies\uff1b\u3000then\u3000a\u3000’middling’\u3000enemy\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000someone\u3000who\u3000might\u3000have\u3000said\u3000at\u3000one\u3000time\u3000or\u3000another\u3000something\u3000unpleasant\u3000to\u3000us\uff1b\u3000a\u3000’slight’\u3000enemy\u3002
\n
\nSlight\u3000Enemy
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000viewing\u3000first\u3000of\u3000all\u3000the\u3000slight\u3000enemy\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000contemplate\u3000that\u3000at\u3000the\u3000present\u3000moment\uff1b\u3000having\u3000engaged\u3000in\u3000negative\u3000actions\u3000in\u3000the\u3000past\u3000one\u3000is\u3000experiencing\u3000the\u3000negative\u3000result\u3000of\u3000such\u3000an\u3000action\uff1b\u3000and\u3000that\u3000negative\u3000result\u3000is\u3000causing\u3000us\u3000to\u3000have\u3000some\u3000slight\u3000rift\u3000between\u3000us\uff1b\u3000to\u3000cause\u3000some\u3000slight\u3000unpleasantness\u3000between\u3000us\u3002\u3000Then\u3000contemplate\u3000how\u3000in\u3000the\u3000past\u3000this\u3000individual\u3000I\u3000am\u3000visualising\uff1b\u3000this\u3000slight\u3000enemy\uff1b\u3000has\u3000been\u3000incredibly\u3000kind\u3000to\u3000me\uff1b\u3000as\u3000kind\u3000as\u3000my\u3000mother\u3000of\u3000this\u3000life\u3002\u3000Then\u3000they\u3000have\u3000also\u3000been\u3000a\u3000harsh\u3000enemy\uff1b\u3000they\u3000haven’t\u3000always\u3000been\u3000in\u3000this\u3000slight\u3000enemy\u3000situation\uff1b\u3000but\u3000owing\u3000to\u3000the\u3000change\u3000of\u3000circumstances\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000through\u3000the\u3000ripening\u3000effect\u3000of\u3000previously\u3000accrued\u3000negative\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000the\u3000experience\u3000one\u3000is\u3000having\u3000with\u3000that\u3000individual\u3000is\u3000one\u3000which\u3000is\u3000slightly\u3000unpleasant\u3002\u3000So\u3000using\u3000the\u3000reasonings\u3000which\u3000we\u3000went\u3000through\u3000earlier\uff1b\u3000remove\u3000that\u3000feeling\u3000of\u3000slight\u3000aversion\u3000and\u3000bring\u3000it\u3000into\u3000a\u3000neutral\u3000state\u3000by\u3000contemplating\u3000how\u3000that\u3000individual\u3000has\u3000been\u3000incredibly\u3000kind\u3000and\u3000also\u3000quite\u3000nasty\u3000to\u3000one\u3000in\u3000a\u3000previous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000just\u3000like\u3000the\u3000person\u3000to\u3000whom\u3000one\u3000has\u3000a\u3000neutral\u3000feeling\u3002
\n
\nSlight\u3000Friend
\n
\nAnd\u3000then\u3000thirdly\uff1b\u3000we\u3000look\u3000to\u3000somebody\u3000who\u3000is\u3000quite\u3000close\u3000to\u3000us\uff1b\u3000someone\u3000who\u3000may\u3000have\u3000just\u3000said\u3000something\u3000pleasant\u3000to\u3000us\uff1b\u3000somebody\u3000whom\u3000we\u3000feel\u3000slightly\u3000close\u3000to\u3002\u3000In\u3000the\u3000past\u3000we\u3000have\u3000perhaps\u3000developed\u3000some\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000positive\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000the\u3000ripening\u3000result\u3000of\u3000which\u3000is\u3000that\u3000we\u3000have\u3000had\u3000some\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000slightly\u3000pleasant\u3000encounter\u3000with\u3000such\u3000an\u3000individual\u3002\u3000Then\u3000using\u3000the\u3000lines\u3000of\u3000reasoning\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000lessen\u3000our\u3000desirous\u3000attachment\u3000towards\u3000that\u3000person\u3000to\u3000whom\u3000we\u3000have\u3000a\u3000slight\u3000affinity\u3002
\n
\nThen\u3000we\u3000can\u3000go\u3000back\u3000to\u3000contemplating\u3000the\u3000neutral\u3000person\u3000in\u3000the\u3000middle\u3000and\u3000go\u3000on\u3000to\u3000\uff08if\u3000we\u3000are\u3000doing\u3000it\u3000in\u3000an\u3000abbreviated\u3000way\uff09\u3000view\u3000one’s\u3000harsh\u3000enemies\u3000of\u3000this\u3000life\uff1b\u3000those\u3000whom\u3000one\u3000has\u3000a\u3000really\u3000bad\u3000relationship\u3000with\u3002\u3000And\u3000then\u3000we\u3000can\u3000view\u3000those\u3000to\u3000whom\u3000we\u3000are\u3000particularly\u3000close\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\u3000our\u3000partners\u3000or\u3000our\u3000parents\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000So\u3000whether\u3000we\u3000do\u3000that\u3000using\u3000a\u3000threefold\u3000division\u3000of\u3000slightly\u3000close\uff1b\u3000mediocrely\u3000close\u3000and\u3000greatly\u3000close\uff1b\u3000or\u3000just\u3000an\u3000abbreviated\u3000one\u3000of\u3000quite\u3000close\u3000and\u3000very\u3000close\uff1b\u3000it\u3000doesn’t\u3000matter\uff1b\u3000but\u3000we\u3000should\u3000do\u3000this\u3000serially\uff1b\u3000using\u3000the\u3000lines\u3000of\u3000reasoning\u3000upon\u3000each\u3000of\u3000those\u3000individuals\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000utilising\u3000those\u3000lines\u3000of\u3000reasoning\uff1b\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000an\u3000equal\u3000view\u3000towards\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002\u3000Thus\u3000we\u3000develop\u3000and\u3000achieve\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000equanimity\u3002
\n
\nDealing\u3000with\u3000the\u3000individuals\u3000who\u3000are\u3000our\u3000worst\u3000enemies\u3000\u2026\u3000we\u3000might\u3000be\u3000in\u3000such\u3000a\u3000predicament\u3000that\u3000even\u3000the\u3000thought\u3000of\u3000them\uff1b\u3000bringing\u3000their\u3000appearance\u3000to\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000causes\u3000us\u3000to\u3000generate\u3000great\u3000anger\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000moment\u3000when\u3000we\u3000see\u3000them\uff1b\u3000we\u3000generate\u3000anger\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000moment\u3000they\u3000see\u3000they\u3000us\uff1b\u3000again\u3000they\u3000generate\u3000anger\uff1b\u3000and\u3000you\u3000want\u3000to\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000some\u3000particular\u3000action\u3000which\u3000will\u3000bring\u3000harm\u3000to\u3000that\u3000enemy\u3000and\u3000vice\u3000versa\u3002\u3000This\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000attitude\u3000is\u3000one\u3000which\u3000is\u3000quite\u3000mistaken\u3000because\u3000just\u3000through\u3000seeing\u3000such\u3000an\u3000enemy\u3000or\u3000them\u3000seeing\u3000you\uff1b\u3000through\u3000developing\u3000anger\u3000through\u3000seeing\u3000that\u3000individual’s\u3000form\uff1b\u3000what\u3000one\u3000is\u3000doing\u3000is\u3000continually\u3000familiarising\u3000oneself\u3000with\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotion\u3000of\u3000anger
\n
\n\u2026And\u3000that\u3000this\u3000is\u3000not\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000beneficial\u3000to\u3000ourselves\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000we\u3000should\u3000make\u3000the\u3000resolve\u3000that\u3000’I\u3000am\u3000not\u3000going\u3000to\uff1b\u3000just\u3000as\u3000habit\u3000would\u3000dictate\uff1b\u3000give\u3000rise\u3000to\u3000this\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000anger\u3000towards\u3000this\u3000sworn\u3000enemy\u3000which\u3000I\u3000have\uff1b\u3000rather\uff1b\u3000I’m\u3000going\u3000to\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000developing\u3000equanimity\u3000towards\u3000that\u3000individual’\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000using\u3000the\u3000reasonings\u3000which\u3000we’ve\u3000gone\u3000through\uff1b\u3000contemplate\u3000that\u3000this\u3000is\u3000just\u3000the\u3000ripening\u3000effect\u3000of\u3000previously\u3000accrued\u3000negative\u3000karma\u3000through\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000experiencing\u3000\u2026\u3000both\u3000of\u3000us\u3000\u2026\u3000great\u3000difficulties\u3002\u3000And\u3000this\u3000is\u3000only\u3000a\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000temporary\u3000state\uff1b\u3000in\u3000that\u3000in\u3000the\u3000previous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000this\u3000person\u3000has\u3000been\u3000incredibly\u3000kind\u3000to\u3000me\uff1b\u3000as\u3000kind\u3000as\u3000a\u3000mother\u3000or\u3000a\u3000very\u3000close\u3000friend\u3000or\u3000a\u3000partner\uff1b\u3000and\u3000this\u3000is\u3000only\u3000a\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000temporary\u3000state\u3000which\u3000is\u3000just\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000through\u3000the\u3000interconnectedness\u3000of\u3000actions\u3000and\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000effect\u3002\u3000Then\uff1b\u3000through\u3000this\uff1b\u3000we\u3000lessen\u3000our\u3000aversion\u3000towards\u3000that\u3000enemy\u3000and\u3000rather\u3000bring\u3000them\u3000into\u3000the\u3000fold\u3000of\u3000those\u3000towards\u3000whom\u3000we\u3000have\u3000an\u3000equal\u3000view\uff1b\u3000a\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000equanimity\u3002\u3000Then\u3000lastly\uff1b\u3000those\u3000individuals\u3000whom\u3000we\u3000are\u3000very\u3000close\u3000to\uff1b\u3000those\u3000whom\u3000we\u3000are\u3000very\u3000attached\u3000to\u3000\u2026\u3000these\u3000individuals\u3000are\u3000ones\u3000which\u3000may\u3000be\u3000our\u3000parents\u3000or\u3000our\u3000partners\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000Then\u3000we\u3000should\u3000contemplate\u3000in\u3000a\u3000similar\u3000fashion\uff1a \n
\n \n
\n
\n
\n ch\u3000may\u3000be\u3000our\u3000parents\u3000or\u3000our\u3000partners\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000Then\u3000we\u3000should\u3000contemplate\u3000in\u3000a\u3000similar\u3000fashion\uff1a\u3000These\u3000individuals\u3000are\u3000ones\u3000whom\u3000we\u3000enjoy\u3000a\u3000good\u3000relationship\u3000with\u3000at\u3000the\u3000moment\u3000but\u3000this\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\u3000is\u3000only\u3000temporary\uff1b\u3000at\u3000most\uff1b\u3000its\u3000time\u2026limit\u3000will\u3000be\u3000this\u3000life\u3000only\u3002\u3000So\u3000again\u3000using\u3000reasonings\u3000which\u3000we’ve\u3000gone\u3000through\uff1a\u3000In\u3000a\u3000previous\u3000existence\u3000I\u3000have\u3000been\u3000an\u3000enemy\u3000to\u3000this\u3000person\uff1b\u3000they\u3000have\u3000been\u3000very\u3000unkind\u3000and\u3000difficult\u3000to\u3000me\uff1b\u3000they\u3000have\u3000been\u3000my\u3000parents\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000Through\u3000this\u3000contemplation\u3000then\uff1b\u3000our\u3000attachment\u3000to\u3000that\u3000individual\u3000lessens\u3000and\u3000then\u3000we\u3000finally\u3000bring\u3000them\u3000into\u3000the\u3000fold\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000towards\u3000whom\u3000we’ve\u3000developed\u3000this\u3000equal\u3000view\u3000of\u3000equanimity\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000it’s\u3000very\u3000important\u3000that\u3000when\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000this\u3000meditation\uff1b\u3000we\u3000do\u3000it\u3000in\u3000a\u3000serious\u3000and\u3000serial\u3000way\u3002\u3000’Serious’\u3000in\u3000the\u3000sense\u3000that\u3000we\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\uff1b\u3000and\u3000once\u3000we’ve\u3000developed\u3000some\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000taste\u3000for\u3000that\u3000practice\u3000then\u3000we\u3000move\u3000onto\u3000the\u3000next\u3000part\u3000\u2026\u3000we\u3000don’t\u3000just\u3000do\u3000it\u3000in\u3000a\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000haphazard\u3000way\u3002\u3000Because\u3000if\u3000we\u3000just\u3000make\u3000the\u3000prayer\u3000\u2026\u3000’May\u3000I\u3000e\u3000to\u3000view\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000in\u3000an\u3000equal\u3000state\uff1b\u3000free\u3000of\u3000anger\u3000and\u3000attachment\uff1b\u3000holding\u3000some\u3000as\u3000close\u3000and\u3000some\u3000as\u3000far\u3000away’\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000making\u3000the\u3000request\u3000to\u3000the\u3000spiritual\u3000master\u3000to\u3000bless\u3000one’s\u3000mind\u2026stream\u3000so\u3000that\u3000this\u3000view\u3000will\u3000e\u3000about\uff1b\u3000then\u3000that’s\u3000as\u3000far\u3000as\u3000it\u3000will\u3000go\u3000\u2026\u3000it\u3000will\u3000just\u3000be\u3000a\u3000prayer\u3002\u3000So\u3000some\u3000days\u3000it\u3000might\u3000go\u3000well\u3000and\u3000other\u3000days\u3000it\u3000might\u3000go\u3000poorly\u3002\u3000But\u3000if\u3000this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000case\uff1b\u3000then\u3000one\u3000has\u3000no\u3000real\u3000chance\u3000of\u3000developing\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000for\u3000bodhicitta\u3000because\u3000one\u3000hasn’t\u3000really\u3000developed\u3000the\u3000proper\u3000field\u3000within\u3000which\u3000these\u3000seeds\u3000are\u3000to\u3000be\u3000planted\u3002\u3000So\u3000it\u3000cannot\u3000be\u3000over\u2026emphasised\u3000how\u3000much\u3000one\u3000should\u3000strive\u3000at\u3000developing\u3000this\u3000field\u3000and\u3000then\u3000one\u3000should\u3000set\u3000about\u3000planting\u3000the\u3000seeds\u3000within\u3000that\u3000field\u3002\u3000Otherwise\uff1b\u3000some\u3000days\u3000one’s\u3000practice\u3000might\u3000go\u3000well\u3000whereas\u3000other\u3000days\u3000it\u3000will\u3000go\u3000very\u3000poorly\uff1b\u3000and\u3000thus\u3000one’s\u3000request\u3000to\u3000the\u3000lama\u3000to\u3000bless\u3000one\uff1b\u3000so\u3000that\u3000one\u3000develops\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000equanimity\uff1b\u3000free\u3000of\u3000anger\u3000and\u3000attachment\uff1b\u3000which\u3000holds\u3000some\u3000as\u3000close\u3000and\u3000some\u3000as\u3000far\uff1b\u3000will\u3000just\u3000be\u3000mere\u3000words\u3002
\n
\nThe\u3000recognition\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000as\u3000one’s\u3000kind\u3000mothers
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000having\u3000developed\u3000this\u3000equal\u3000view\u3000towards\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\uff1b\u3000one\u3000should\u3000then\u3000familiarise\u3000oneself\u3000with\u3000this\u3000view\u3000until\u3000it\u3000bees\u3000stable\u3000within\u3000one’s\u3000mental\u3000continuum\uff1b\u3000or\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000one\u3000should\u3000strive\u3000to\u3000develop\u3000the\u3000first\u3000of\u3000these\u3000six\u3000causes\u3000which\u3000is\u3000the\u3000recognition\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000as\u3000one’s\u3000kind\u3000mothers\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000the\u3000meditation\u3000scenario\u3000is\u3000similar\u3000to\u3000what\u3000we’ve\u3000gone\u3000through\uff1a\u3000initially\u3000we\u3000pick\u3000someone\u3000with\u3000whom\u3000we\u3000have\u3000no\u3000particular\u3000relationship\uff1b\u3000then\u3000an\u3000enemy\uff1b\u3000then\u3000one\u3000to\u3000whom\u3000we\u3000have\u3000a\u3000particularly\u3000close\u3000affinity\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000use\u3000the\u3000lines\u3000of\u3000reasoning\u3000which\u3000we\u3000have\u3000gone\u3000through\u3000previously\u3000\u2026\u3000that\u3000just\u3000as\u3000I\u3000have\u3000had\u3000beginningless\u3000lives\uff1b\u3000so\u3000in\u3000the\u3000same\u3000way\u3000the\u3000individual\u3000whom\u3000I’m\u3000bringing\u3000to\u3000mind\u3000in\u3000front\u3000of\u3000me\u3000has\u3000had\u3000countless\u3000previous\u3000existences\u3002\u3000Then\u3000in\u3000those\u3000existences\uff1b\u3000we\u3000have\u3000not\u3000just\u3000e\u3000out\u3000of\u3000thin\u3000air\uff1b\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000we\u3000were\u3000born\u3000from\u3000our\u3000mother’s\u3000womb\u3002\u3000So\u3000as\u3000we\u3000equally\u3000are\u3000the\u3000same\u3000in\u3000having\u3000had\u3000beginningless\u3000existences\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000are\u3000also\u3000the\u3000same\u3000in\u3000that\u3000we\u3000have\u3000also\u3000had\u3000a\u3000beginningless\uff1b\u3000or\u3000countless\uff1b\u3000number\u3000of\u3000mothers\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000we\u3000put\u3000two\u3000’countlesses’\u3000together\uff1b\u3000they\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000fall\u3000one\u3000on\u3000top\u3000of\u3000the\u3000other\uff1b\u3000so\u3000it’s\u3000very\u3000likely\u3000that\u3000this\u3000person\u3000in\u3000front\u3000of\u3000oneself\u3000has\u3000been\uff1b\u3000at\u3000some\u3000point\uff1b\u3000one’s\u3000kind\u3000mother\u3002\u3000And\u3000then\u3000through\u3000that\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000contemplation\uff1b\u3000we\u3000e\u3000to\u3000generate\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000or\u3000belief\u3000that\u3000the\u3000individual\u3000whom\u3000one\u3000is\u3000visualising\uff1b\u3000has\u3000at\u3000some\u3000point\u3000in\u3000the\u3000past\u3000had\u3000the\u3000experience\u3000of\u3000being\u3000one’s\u3000mother\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000we\u3000stabilise\u3000this\u3000belief\u3000until\u3000this\u3000es\u3000a\u3000part\u3000of\u3000our\u3000being\u3002\u3000And\u3000then\u3000after\u3000that\u3000has\u3000been\u3000stabilised\uff1b\u3000we\u3000move\u3000our\u3000attention\u3000towards\u3000our\u3000enemies\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000to\u3000those\u3000to\u3000whom\u3000we\u3000are\u3000close\u3000and\u3000again\u3000use\u3000the\u3000same\u3000lines\u3000of\u3000reasoning\u3000\u2013\u3000that\u3000just\u3000as\u3000I\u3000have\u3000had\u3000countless\u3000previous\u3000existences\uff1b\u3000they\u3000too\u3000have\u3000had\u3000countless\u3000previous\u3000existences\uff1b\u3000and\u3000during\u3000those\u3000existences\uff1b\u3000we\u3000were\u3000not\u3000born\u3000from\u3000nowhere\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000we\u3000were\u3000born\u3000from\u3000a\u3000mother\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000it\u3000is\u3000extremely\u3000likely\u3000that\u3000this\u3000individual\u3000has\u3000been\u3000my\u3000kind\u3000mother\u3000in\u3000a\u3000previous\u3000existence\u3002\u3000And\u3000then\u3000we\u3000continually\u3000familiarise\u3000oneself\u3000with\u3000this\u3000view\u3000that\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000throughout\u3000space\u3000have\u3000had\u3000in\u3000a\u3000previous\u3000existence\u3000the\u3000experience\u3000of\u3000being\u3000our\u3000mother\u3002\u3000Then\u3000when\uff1b\u3000through\u3000familiarisation\uff1b\u3000this\u3000view\u3000bees\u3000stable\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000move\u3000on\u3000to\u3000the\u3000next\u3000part\u3002
\n
\nRemembering\u3000the\u3000kindness\u3000of\u3000one’s\u3000mother
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000just\u3000viewing\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000as\u3000having\u3000been\u3000one’s\u3000mother\u3000in\u3000the\u3000past\u3000is\u3000nothing\u3000much\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\uff1b\u3000rather\u3000this\u3000is\u3000just\u3000providing\u3000the\u3000basis\u3000for\u3000the\u3000following\u3000two\u3000contemplations\u3000\u2026\u3000that\u3000is\uff1b\u3000remembering\u3000the\u3000kindness\u3000of\u3000one’s\u3000mother\u3000and\u3000then\u3000wishing\u3000to\u3000repay\u3000that\u3000kindness\u3002\u3000So\u3000the\u3000word\u3000’mother’\u3000when\u3000we\u3000contemplate\u3000that\uff1b\u3000evokes\u3000images\u3000of\u3000somebody\u3000who\u3000has\u3000been\u3000incredibly\u3000kind\u3000to\u3000one\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\u3000young\u3000children\u3000always\u3000cry\u3000for\u3000their\u3000mothers\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000contemplate\u3000how\u3000our\u3000mother\u3000of\u3000this\u3000life\u3000has\u3000been\u3000incredibly\u3000kind\u3000to\u3000us\uff1b\u3000then\u3000the\u3000reasoning\u3000will\u3000follow\u3000that\uff1b\u3000equally\uff1b\u3000in\u3000previous\u3000existences\u3000how\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\uff1b\u3000at\u3000the\u3000time\u3000that\u3000we\u3000were\u3000undergoing\u3000the\u3000experience\u3000of\u3000a\u3000parental\u3000relationship\uff1b\u3000were\u3000equally\u3000as\u3000kind\u3000to\u3000us\u3000as\u3000the\u3000mother\u3000of\u3000this\u3000life\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000initial\u3000stages\u3000when\u3000we\u3000are\u3000a\u3000fetus\u3000in\u3000the\u3000womb\uff1a\u3000the\u3000person\u3000who\u3000was\u3000carrying\u3000us\uff1b\u3000our\u3000mother\u2026to\u2026be\uff1b\u3000was\u3000very\u3000strict\u3000in\u3000her\u3000diet\uff1b\u3000was\u3000very\u3000strict\u3000in\u3000the\u3000amount\u3000of\u3000work\u3000she\u3000would\u3000engage\u3000in\uff1b\u3000would\u3000be\u3000very\u3000careful\u3000about\u3000going\u3000here\u3000and\u3000there\u3000because\u3000she\u3000didn’t\u3000want\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000any\u3000harm\u3000to\u3000the\u3000child\u3000she\u3000was\u3000carrying\u3002\u3000Then\u3000at\u3000the\u3000time\u3000of\u3000birth\uff1b\u3000as\u3000it\u3000says\u3000in\u3000the\u3000scriptures\uff1b\u3000the\u3000bones\u3000are\u3000moved\u3000by\u3000the\u3000very\u3000birth\u3000of\u3000the\u3000child\u3002\u3000These\u3000days\u3000it\u2019s\u3000probably\u3000less\u3000painful\u3000than\u3000it\u3000was\u3000in\u3000the\u3000past\u3000because\u3000we\u3000often\u3000hear\u3000accounts\u3000of\u3000mothers\u3000dying\u3000during\u3000childbirth\u3002\u3000Then\u3000at\u3000the\u3000time\u3000of\u3000birth\uff1b\u3000a\u3000child’s\u3000flesh\u3000is\u3000very\u3000tender\u3000and\u3000the\u3000child\u3000can\u3000only\u3000be\u3000held\u3000in\u3000a\u3000very\u3000delicate\uff1b\u3000very\u3000soft\u3000way\uff1b\u3000can\u3000only\u3000be\u3000held\u3000in\u3000very\u3000fine\u3000cloth\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000all\u3000of\u3000which\u3000is\u3000provided\u3000for\u3000by\u3000one’s\u3000kind\u3000mother\u3002\u3000And\u3000then\u3000as\u3000one\u3000starts\u3000to\u3000grow\uff1b\u3000our\u3000mother\u3000continually\u3000takes\u3000care\u3000of\u3000us\uff1b\u3000feeding\u3000us\u3000with\u3000milk\u3000from\u3000the\u3000breast\uff1b\u3000and\u3000clearing\u3000away\u3000mucus\u3000from\u3000the\u3000nose\u3000with\u3000her\u3000hands\uff1b\u3000removing\u3000excrement\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000continually\u3000watching\u3000over\u3000us\uff1b\u3000and\u3000making\u3000sure\u3000we\u3000are\u3000not\u3000in\u3000any\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000minor\u3000distress\uff1b\u3000making\u3000sure\u3000that\u3000we\u3000have\u3000a\u3000full\u3000stomach\uff1b\u3000that\u3000we\u3000are\u3000not\u3000on\u3000any\u3000rough\u3000surface\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000And\u3000then\u3000as\u3000we\u3000start\u3000to\u3000develop\u3000as\u3000a\u3000child\uff1b\u3000we\u3000learn\u3000to\u3000crawl\uff1b\u3000then\u3000it\u3000is\u3000said\u3000that\u3000the\u3000mother\u3000is\u3000continually\u3000looking\u3000for\u3000hundreds\u3000of\u3000ways\u3000to\u3000protect\u3000the\u3000child\u3000from\u3000the\u3000world\uff1b\u3000in\u3000the\u3000sense\u3000that\u3000in\u3000your\u3000house\u3000there\u3000might\u3000be\u3000a\u3000fire\u3000and\u3000the\u3000child\u3000might\u3000crawl\u3000towards\u3000the\u3000fire\u3000or\u3000it\u3000might\u3000crawl\u3000out\u3000of\u3000a\u3000door\uff1b\u3000crawl\u3000onto\u3000a\u3000road\u3000where\u3000it\u3000might\u3000be\u3000hurt\u3000by\u3000cars\uff1b\u3000or\u3000might\u3000crawl\u3000near\u3000to\u3000the\u3000stairs\u3002\u3000So\u3000every\u3000day\u3000the\u3000mother\u3000is\u3000continually\u3000protecting\u3000us\u3000from\u3000hundreds\u3000of\u3000dangers\u3000or\u3000hundreds\u3000of\u3000difficult\u3000situations\u3002\u3000Not\u3000only\u3000giving\u3000us\u3000a\u3000physical\u3000protection\u3000in\u3000the\u3000early\u3000years\uff1b\u3000but\u3000also\u3000then\u3000later\u3000in\u3000life\u3000helping\u3000us\u3000to\u3000turn\u3000from\u3000a\u3000child\u3000into\u3000an\u3000adult\uff1b\u3000aiding\u3000us\u3000with\u3000education\uff1b\u3000giving\u3000money\u3000for\u3000our\u3000education\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000All\u3000of\u3000this\u3000is\u3000not\u3000something\u3000that\u3000appeared\u3000from\u3000nowhere\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000solely\u3000through\u3000the\u3000kindness\u3000of\u3000one’s\u3000mother\u3002\u3000So\u3000using\u3000the\u3000mother\u3000of\u3000this\u3000life\u3000as\u3000an\u3000example\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000should\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000bringing\u3000to\u3000mind\u3000the\u3000kindness\u3000which\u3000we\u3000have\u3000been\u3000shown\u3002
\n
\nWishing\u3000to\u3000repay\u3000such\u3000kindness\uff1b\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000great\u3000love\uff1b\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000great\u3000passion
\n
\nThen\u3000through\u3000recalling\u3000the\u3000kindness\u3000of\u3000one’s\u3000parent\u3000sentient\u3000beings\uff1b\u3000we\u3000should\u3000not\u3000just\u3000leave\u3000it\u3000at\u3000that\uff1b\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000use\u3000that\u3000as\u3000the\u3000starting\u3000point\u3000to\u3000wish\u3000to\u3000repay\u3000such\u3000kindness\u3000which\u3000has\u3000been\u3000shown\u3000to\u3000us\u3002\u3000We\u3000might\u3000think\u3000that\u3000we\u3000can\u3000repay\u3000the\u3000kindness\u3000of\u3000our\u3000parent\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000by\u3000giving\u3000some\u3000food\u3000or\u3000some\u3000clothing\u3000or\u3000a\u3000place\u3000to\u3000stay\uff1b\u3000but\u3000that\u3000is\u3000limited\u3000in\u3000the\u3000sense\u3000that\u3000it\u3000is\u3000only\u3000something\u3000which\u3000might\u3000be\u3000utilised\u3000or\u3000enjoyed\u3000in\u3000this\u3000life\uff1b\u3000and\u3000this\u3000life\u3000alone\u3002\u3000Rather\u3000if\u3000we\u3000view\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000in\u3000the\u3000sense\u3000that\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000all\uff1b\u3000like\u3000ourselves\uff1b\u3000desire\u3000to\u3000have\u3000happiness\u3000and\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000of\u3000happiness\u3000and\u3000desire\u3000to\u3000be\u3000free\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3000and\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000we\u3000were\u3000really\u3000to\u3000repay\u3000the\u3000kindness\u3000of\u3000parent\u3000sentient\u3000beings\uff1b\u3000it\u3000would\u3000be\u3000most\u3000beneficial\u3000if\u3000we\u3000could\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000for\u3000happiness\u3000and\u3000their\u3000result\u3000for\u3000our\u3000parents\uff1b\u3000and\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000the\u3000removal\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3000and\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3000for\u3000our\u3000kind\u3000parent\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002\u3000So\u3000in\u3000order\u3000to\u3000do\u3000this\u3000one\u3000needs\u3000to\u3000develop\u3000heart\u2026warming\u3000love\u3000\u2026\u3000wishing\u3000them\u3000to\u3000have\u3000happiness\u3000and\u3000its\u3000causes\uff1b\u3000and\u3000passion\u3000\u2026\u3000wishing\u3000them\u3000to\u3000be\u3000free\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000The\u3000plight\u3000of\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000in\u3000echoed\u3000is\u3000Shantideva’s\u3000book\uff1b\u3000The\u3000Bodhicaryavatara\uff1b\u3000where\u3000it\u3000says\uff1b
\n
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Although\u3000desirous\u3000of\u3000happiness\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000through\u3000the\u3000force\u3000of\u3000ignorance\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000they\u3000destroy\u3000its\u3000causes\u3000like\u3000an\u3000enemy\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Although\u3000not\u3000wishing\u3000dissatisfaction\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000they\u3000joyfully\u3000enter\u3000its\u3000path\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000what\u3000Shantideva\u3000is\u3000saying\u3000is\u3000that\u3000sentient\u3000beings\uff1b\u3000although\u3000desirous\u3000of\u3000happiness\uff1b\u3000do\u3000not\u3000know\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000which\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000happiness\uff1b\u3000and\u3000more\u3000often\u3000than\u3000not\uff1b\u3000destroy\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000of\u3000happiness\u3000like\u3000they\u3000would\u3000destroy\u3000an\u3000enemy\u3000because\u3000of\u3000being\u3000blinded\u3000by\u3000ignorance\u3000and\u3000confusion\u3002\u3000And\u3000then\u3000through\u3000this\u3000confusion\uff1b\u3000they\u3000joyfully\u3000enter\u3000the\u3000pathway\u3000which\u3000will\u3000lead\u3000to\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\u3002
\n
\nSuperior\u3000intention
\n
\nThen\u3000through\u3000wishing\u3000others\u3000to\u3000have\u3000happiness\u3000and\u3000its\u3000cause\u3000\uff08which\u3000 \n
\n \n
\n
\n
\n action\u3002
\n
\nSuperior\u3000intention
\n
\nThen\u3000through\u3000wishing\u3000others\u3000to\u3000have\u3000happiness\u3000and\u3000its\u3000cause\u3000\uff08which\u3000is\u3000love\uff09\uff1b\u3000and\u3000wishing\u3000others\u3000to\u3000be\u3000free\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3000and\u3000its\u3000causes\u3000\uff08which\u3000is\u3000passion\uff09\u3000one\u3000needs\u3000to\u3000develop\uff1b\u3000or\u3000bring\u3000about\uff1b\u3000the\u3000superior\u3000intention\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000’superior\u3000intention’\u3000refers\u3000then\u3000to\u3000not\u3000just\u3000leaving\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000love\u3000and\u3000passion\u3000as\u3000just\u3000that\u3000\u2026\u3000a\u3000mind\u3000wishing\u3000others\u3000to\u3000have\u3000happiness\u3000and\u3000wishing\u3000other\u3000to\u3000be\u3000free\u3000of\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000bringing\u3000about\u3000the\u3000means\u3000which\u3000will\u3000allow\u3000them\u3000to\u3000have\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000of\u3000happiness\u3000and\u3000be\u3000free\u3000of\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\u3002\u3000So\u3000’superior’\u3000in\u3000that\u3000it\u3000is\u3000superior\u3000to\u3000all\u3000the\u3000other\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000intention\u3000which\u3000one\u3000might\u3000develop\uff1b\u3000this\u3000superior\u3000intention\u3000is\u3000the\u3000actual\u3000cause\u3000which\u3000brings\u3000about\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000aspiring\u3000to\u3000highest\u3000enlightenment\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000this\u3000through\u3000the\u3000utilisation\u3000of\u3000an\u3000example\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000get\u3000some\u3000idea\u3000of\u3000what\u3000this\u3000mind\u3000should\u3000be\u3000like\u3002\u3000If\u3000we\u3000then\u3000view\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000as\u3000being\u3000blind\uff1b\u3000’blind’\u3000in\u3000the\u3000sense\u3000that\u3000the\u3000wisdom\u3000eye\u3000has\u3000been\u3000blinded\u3000by\u3000the\u3000arrow\u3000of\u3000ignorance\uff1b\u3000and\u3000not\u3000only\u3000that\uff1b\u3000but\u3000the\u3000kind\u3000mother\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000are\u3000unsure\u3000of\u3000what\u3000to\u3000take\u3000up\u3000and\u3000what\u3000to\u3000abandon\uff1b\u3000so\u3000in\u3000that\u3000way\u3000they\u3000are\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000crazy\u3000in\u3000a\u3000sense\uff1b\u3000or\u3000drunk\u3002\u3000And\u3000then\u3000not\u3000only\u3000that\uff1b\u3000but\u3000they\u3000are\u3000bereft\u3000of\u3000a\u3000spiritual\u3000friend\u3000who\u3000can\u3000advise\u3000them\u3000of\u3000what\u3000to\u3000take\u3000up\u3000and\u3000what\u3000to\u3000abandon\uff1b\u3000thus\u3000we\u3000can\u3000say\u3000they\u3000are\u3000without\u3000a\u3000guide\u3002\u3000And\u3000as\u3000our\u3000kind\u3000parent\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000have\u3000accrued\uff1b\u3000like\u3000ourselves\uff1b\u3000many\u3000positive\u3000and\u3000negative\u3000karmas\uff1b\u3000then\u3000it’s\u3000very\u3000possible\u3000that\u3000they\u3000could\u3000very\u3000easily\u3000fall\u3000into\u3000the\u3000abyss\u3000of\u3000the\u3000lower\u3000realms\u3002\u3000So\u3000they\u3000are\u3000like\u3000a\u3000person\u3000walking\u3000upon\u3000a\u3000cliff\u2026face\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000an\u3000only\u3000child\u3000were\u3000to\u3000see\u3000his\u3000mother\u3000in\u3000a\u3000state\u3000of\u3000being\u3000blinded\u3000by\u3000a\u3000cataract\u3000or\u3000an\u3000arrow\u3000of\u3000ignorance\uff1b\u3000without\u3000a\u3000guide\uff1b\u3000and\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000temporarily\u3000insane\uff1b\u3000walking\u3000atop\u3000a\u3000high\u3000cliff\u3000path\uff1b\u3000then\u3000that\u3000child\u3000would\u3000be\u3000desperately\u3000seeking\u3000a\u3000way\u3000to\u3000get\u3000to\u3000his\u3000mother\u3000and\u3000to\u3000rescue\u3000her\u3000from\u3000such\u3000a\u3000predicament\u3002\u3000So\u3000in\u3000the\u3000same\u3000way\u3000we\u3000should\u3000train\u3000our\u3000minds\u3000so\u3000that\u3000we\u3000view\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000as\u3000that\u3000only\u3000child\u3000views\u3000his\u3000mother\u3000whilst\u3000wandering\u3000atop\u3000the\u3000cliff\u3000path\uff1a\u3000blinded\u3000by\u3000ignorance\uff1b\u3000bereft\u3000of\u3000a\u3000spiritual\u3000friend\u3000who\u3000can\u3000show\u3000them\u3000what\u3000to\u3000take\u3000up\u3000and\u3000what\u3000to\u3000abandon\uff1b\u3000bereft\u3000of\u3000a\u3000guide\u3000to\u3000lead\u3000them\u3000along\u3000that\u3000path\uff1b\u3000in\u3000immediate\u3000danger\u3000of\u3000falling\u3000to\u3000the\u3000abyss\u3000at\u3000the\u3000bottom\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cliffs\u3000i\u3002e\u3002\u3000the\u3000lower\u3000realms\uff1b\u3000wandering\u3000along\u3000such\u3000a\u3000path\u3002\u3000We\u3000should\u3000train\u3000our\u3000minds\u3000to\u3000feel\u3000like\u3000that\u3000only\u3000child\u3000viewing\u3000his\u3000mother\u3000in\u3000such\u3000a\u3000predicament\u3002
\n
\nQualities\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Buddha
\n
\nHaving\u3000given\u3000rise\u3000to\u3000this\u3000superior\u3000intent\uff1b\u3000like\u3000the\u3000child\u3000viewing\u3000his\u3000mother\u3000in\u3000such\u3000a\u3000predicament\uff1b\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000contemplate\u3000\u2026\u3000how\u3000can\u3000I\u3000rescue\u3000my\u3000kind\u3000mother\u3000sentient\u3000beings\uff1f\u3000What\u3000can\u3000I\u3000do\u3000that\u3000will\u3000enable\u3000me\u3000to\u3000rescue\u3000all\u3000these\u3000kind\u3000mother\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000from\u3000this\u3000perilous\u3000predicament\uff1f\u3000So\u3000then\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000search\uff1b\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000look\u3000around\u3000to\u3000see\u3000who\u3000has\u3000the\u3000ability\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000the\u3000release\u3000from\u3000suffering\u3000of\u3000all\u3000mother\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002\u3000If\u3000we\u3000search\u3000in\u3000the\u3000hearers\u3000and\u3000the\u3000Solitary\u3000Realisers\uff1b\u3000foe\u2026destroyer\u3000camp\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000find\u3000that\u3000those\u3000individual\u3000do\u3000not\u3000have\u3000the\u3000capacity\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000such\u3000a\u3000cessation\u3002\u3000If\u3000we\u3000look\u3000in\u3000the\u3000Bodhisattvas\u3000abiding\u3000on\u3000the\u3000grounds\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000find\u3000that\u3000those\u3000superior\u3000ones\u3000also\u3000do\u3000not\u3000have\u3000the\u3000ability\u3000to\u3000liberate\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000from\u3000such\u3000a\u3000predicament\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000through\u3000searching\uff1b\u3000we\u3000e\u3000to\u3000the\u3000conclusion\u3000that\u2026\u3000the\u3000only\u3000individual\u3000we\u3000will\u3000find\u3000who\u3000has\u3000such\u3000an\u3000ability\u3000is\u3000the\u3000Fully\u3000Enlightened\u3000One\uff1b\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000as\u3000is\u3000mentioned\u3000in\u3000the\u3000Abhisamayalankara\u3000then\uff1b\u3000the\u3000desire\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000this\u3000state\u3000of\u3000Buddhahood\u3000is\u3000one\u3000of\u3000the\u3000two\u2026fold\u3000cause\u3000which\u3000brings\u3000about\u3000this\u3000state\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\u3000as\u3000is\u3000mentioned\u3000in\u3000the\u3000text\uff1b\u3000one\u3000needs\u3000to\u3000view\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000and\u3000wish\u3000to\u3000separate\u3000them\u3000from\u3000the\u3000suffering\u3000which\u3000they\u3000are\u3000undergoing\u3000and\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000of\u3000that\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000also\u3000plement\u3000that\u3000with\u3000the\u3000wish\u3000that\u3000one\u3000will\u3000achieve\u3000this\u3000exalted\u3000state\u3000\uff08that\u3000is\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000full\u3000enlightenment\uff1b\u3000or\u3000full\u3000awakening\uff09\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000such\u3000a\u3000cessation\uff1b\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000the\u3000removal\u3000of\u3000these\u3000causes\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000there\u3000are\u3000two\u3000factors\u3000which\u3000are\u3000needed\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000full\u3000enlightenment\u3000about\u3000\u2026\u3000the\u3000desire\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000that\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000reason\u3000\u2026\u3000to\u3000liberate\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000from\u3000suffering\u3000and\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000of\u3000suffering\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000contemplate\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3000\u2013\u3000what\u3000is\u3000it\u3000about\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3000that\u3000has\u3000the\u3000ability\u3000to\u3000release\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000from\u3000suffering\uff1f\u3000So\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000qualities\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Fully\u3000Enlightened\u3000One\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000qualities\u3000of\u3000the\u3000body\uff1b\u3000the\u3000speech\uff1b\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000and\u3000the\u3000enlightened\u3000activity\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000physical\u3000form\u3000of\u3000the\u3000One\u3000Thus\u3000Born\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000have\u3000the\u3000thirty\u3000two\u3000major\u3000and\u3000eighty\u3000minor\u3000marks\uff1b\u3000the\u3000mere\u3000sight\u3000of\u3000which\u3000causes\u3000liberation\u3002\u3000Then\u3000we\u3000have\u3000the\u3000inconceivable\u3000speech\u3002\u3000So\u3000it\u3000is\u3000said\u3000that\u3000if\u3000a\u3000hundred\u3000people\u3000in\u3000their\u3000own\u3000languages\u3000ask\u3000a\u3000hundred\u3000different\u3000questions\uff1b\u3000each\u3000and\u3000every\u3000one\u3000of\u3000them\u3000will\u3000be\u3000satisfied\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000answer\u3000they\u3000receive\u3000from\u3000one\u3000utterance\u3000from\u3000the\u3000enlightened\u3000speech\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Fully\u3000Awakened\u3000One\u3002\u3000And\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000a\u3000division\u3000of\u3000knowledge\u3000and\u3000love\u3002\u3000So\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000knowledge\uff1a\u3000in\u3000a\u3000single\u3000instant\uff1b\u3000the\u3000Fully\u3000Awakened\u3000One\u3000knows\u3000all\u3000actions\uff1b\u3000all\u3000dharmas\uff1b\u3000of\u3000the\u3000past\uff1b\u3000the\u3000present\u3000and\u3000the\u3000future\u3000simultaneously\u3002\u3000And\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000love\uff1a\u3000Viewing\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000in\u3000an\u3000equal\u3000fashion\uff1b\u3000regardless\u3000of\u3000those\u3000beings’\u3000views\u3000toward\u3000the\u3000Fully\u3000Awakened\u3000One\uff1b\u3000whether\u3000they\u3000be\u3000massaging\u3000perfume\u3000into\u3000one\u3000of\u3000the\u3000hands\u3000or\u3000cutting\u3000the\u3000other\u3000hand\u3000with\u3000a\u3000sword\uff1b\u3000then\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3000himself\u3000views\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000as\u3000a\u3000mother\u3000views\u3000her\u3000only\u3000child\u3002\u3000And\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000enlightened\u3000activity\u3000\u2026\u3000the\u3000enlightened\u3000activity\u3000is\u3000one\u3000which\u3000is\u3000pletely\u3000limitless\u3000and\u3000spontaneously\u3000works\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000the\u3000benefit\u3000of\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000state\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000this\u3000state\u3000of\u3000Buddhahood\uff1b\u3000is\u3000that\u3000which\u3000one\u3000strives\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000so\u3000as\u3000to\u3000be\u3000able\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000the\u3000benefit\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002\u3000This\u3000is\u3000what\u3000is\u3000known\u3000as\u3000the\u3000’king\u2026like’\u3000bodhicitta\uff1b\u3000’king’\u3000in\u3000the\u3000sense\u3000that\u3000a\u3000king\u3000can\u3000decree\u3000laws\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3000which\u3000will\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000benefit\u3000to\u3000his\u3000subjects\uff1b\u3000so\u3000in\u3000the\u3000same\u3000way\u3000if\u3000one\u3000achieves\u3000this\u3000status\uff1b\u3000one\u3000can\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000the\u3000benefit\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002
\n
\nExchanging\u3000self\u3000for\u3000others
\n
\nWe\u3000have\u3000gone\u3000through\u3000the\u3000six\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000one\u3000effect\u3000method\u3000of\u3000generating\u3000the\u3000awakened\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000but\u3000there\u3000is\u3000also\u3000another\u3000method\u3000of\u3000generating\u3000such\u3000a\u3000mind\u3000aspiring\u3000to\u3000highest\u3000enlightenment\uff1b\u3000which\u3000es\u3000through\u3000Manjushri\u3000and\u3000Shantideva\u3000and\u3000such\u3000masters\u3002\u3000This\u3000is\u3000known\u3000as\u3000’the\u3000equalising\u3000and\u3000exchanging\u3000of\u3000self\u3000for\u3000others’\u3002\u3000So\u3000it\u3000is\u3000said\u3000that\u3000through\u3000this\u3000contemplation\uff1b\u3000one\u3000necessarily\u3000meditates\u3000upon\u3000the\u3000six\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000one\u3000effect\u3002\u3000However\u3000if\u3000one\u3000contemplates\u3000the\u3000six\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000one\u3000effect\u3000method\u3000of\u3000generating\u3000the\u3000awakened\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000it\u3000doesn’t\u3000necessarily\u3000follow\u3000that\u3000one\u3000engages\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000equalising\u3000and\u3000exchanging\u3000self\u3000for\u3000others\uff1b\u3000so\u3000there\u3000is\u3000a\u3000difference\u3000there\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000the\u3000starting\u3000point\u3000is\u3000to\u3000develop\u3000a\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000views\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000as\u3000being\u3000equal\u3000\u2013\u3000equal\u3000in\u3000the\u3000sense\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000wanting\u3000happiness\u3000and\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000wising\u3000to\u3000avoid\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000What\u3000follows\u3000then\u3000is\u3000the\u3000meditation\u3000of\u3000giving\u3000and\u3000taking\uff1b\u3000where\u3000one\u3000visualises\u3000taking\u3000upon\u3000oneself\u3000the\u3000suffering\u3000of\u3000others\u3000and\u3000then\u3000giving\u3000one\u2019s\u3000qualities\u3000to\u3000others\u3002\u3000Although\u3000this\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\u3000is\u3000not\u3000the\u3000main\u3000purpose\u3000of\u3000this\u3000profound\u3000meditation\u3000technique\u3000\u2026\u3000the\u3000profundity\u3000here\u3000then\u3000es\u3000about\u3000through\u3000changing\u3000one\u2019s\u3000attitude
\n
\n\u2026through\u3000contemplating\u3000this\u3000mistaken\u3000attitude\u3000and\u3000this\u3000beneficial\u3000attitude\uff1b\u3000one\u3000can\u3000truly\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000this\u3000particular\u3000practice\u3000through\u3000changing\u3000one’s\u3000attitude\u3000towards\u3000oneself\u3000and\u3000others\u3002
\n
\nThe\u3000exalted\u3000remembering\u3000the\u3000kindness\u3000of\u3000sentient\u3000beings
\n
\nIn\u3000order\u3000to\u3000develop\u3000this\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000one\u3000needs\u3000remembering\u3000the\u3000kindness\u3000of\u3000others\u3000in\u3000an\u3000exalted\u3000way\u3002\u3000This\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\u3000that\u3000one\u3000doesn’t\u3000just\u3000dwell\u3000upon\u3000the\u3000kindness\u3000which\u3000was\u3000shown\u3000to\u3000one\u3000in\u3000a\u3000previous\u3000existence\u3000where\u3000one\u3000had\u3000the\u3000parental\u3000relationship\u3000with\u3000a\u3000particular\u3000individual\uff1b\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000what\u3000one\u3000dwells\u3000upon\u3000is\u3000that\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000at\u3000all\u3000times\u3000are\u3000being\u3000useful\u3000and\u3000kind\u3000to\u3000us\u3002\u3000If\u3000we\u3000consider\u3000our\u3000enjoyments\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\u3000the\u3000clothes\u3000we\u3000wear\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000we\u3000have\u3000a\u3000nice\u3000woollen\u3000sweater\u3000that\u3000keeps\u3000us\u3000warm\uff1b\u3000then\u3000let\u3000us\u3000consider\u3000where\u3000this\u3000sweater\u3000came\u3000from\uff1a\u3000Initially\u3000the\u3000wool\u3000had\u3000to\u3000e\u3000from\u3000a\u3000sheep\u3000which\u3000was\u3000kept\u3000by\u3000a\u3000farmer\uff1b\u3000then\u3000there\u3000was\u3000the\u3000sheep\u2026shearer\u3000who\u3000took\u3000the\u3000wool\uff1b\u3000then\u3000the\u3000wool\u3000was\u3000cleaned\uff1b\u3000then\u3000the\u3000wool\u3000was\u3000made\u3000into\u3000spinning\u3000wool\uff1b\u3000then\u3000from\u3000that\u3000wool\u3000a\u3000sweater\u3000was\u3000made\u3000which\u3000was\u3000then\u3000dyed\uff1b\u3000then\u3000taken\u3000to\u3000a\u3000shop\uff1b\u3000then\u3000sold\u3000to\u3000us\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000we\u3000can\u3000enjoy\u3000this\u3000sweater\u3002\u3000So\u3000through\u3000the\u3000kindness\u3000of\u3000many\u3000individuals\u3000in\u3000the\u3000manufacture\u3000of\u3000our\u3000sweater\u3000then\u3000we\u3000are\u3000able\u3000to\u3000enjoy\u3000this\u3000product\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000in\u3000the\u3000same\u3000way\u3000when\u3000we\u3000eat\u3000food\uff1b\u3000whether\u3000it\u3000be\u3000rice\u3000or\u3000barley\u3000or\u3000whatever\uff1b\u3000then\u3000that\u3000doesn’t\u3000just\u3000e\u3000from\u3000nowhere\u3000or\u3000just\u3000e\u3000from\u3000the\u3000cook\u3000that\u3000has\u3000put\u3000it\u3000on\u3000a\u3000plate\u3000for\u3000us\u3002\u3000Rather\u3000if\u3000we\u3000consider\u3000that\u3000a\u3000field\u3000has\u3000to\u3000be\u3000sown\uff1b\u3000a\u3000field\u3000has\u3000to\u3000be\u3000ploughed\uff1b\u3000then\u3000the\u3000seed\uff1b\u3000whether\u3000it\u3000be\u3000rice\u3000or\u3000barley\uff1b\u3000has\u3000to\u3000be\u3000sown\uff1b\u3000then\u3000the\u3000crop\u3000has\u3000to\u3000be\u3000taken\u3000care\u3000of\u3000\uff08watered\uff1b\u3000fertilised\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\uff09\uff1b\u3000then\u3000has\u3000to\u3000be\u3000harvested\uff1b\u3000then\u3000the\u3000chaff\u3000has\u3000to\u3000be\u3000taken\u3000away\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000the\u3000rice\u3000is\u3000processed\uff1b\u3000then\u3000it’s\u3000packaged\uff1b\u3000then\u3000it’s\u3000taken\u3000to\u3000a\u3000shop\uff1b\u3000then\u3000it’s\u3000put\u3000on\u3000the\u3000shelf\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000are\u3000able\u3000to\u3000take\u3000that\u3000from\u3000the\u3000shelf\u3000and\u3000then\u3000cook\u3000it\u3002\u3000So\u3000all\u3000along\u3000the\u3000way\uff1b\u3000there\u3000are\u3000countless\u3000kind\u3000individuals\u3000who\u3000are\u3000aiding\u3000us\u3000to\u3000enjoy\u3000these\u3000product \n
\n \n
\n
\n
\n \u3000So\u3000all\u3000along\u3000the\u3000way\uff1b\u3000there\u3000are\u3000countless\u3000kind\u3000individuals\u3000who\u3000are\u3000aiding\u3000us\u3000to\u3000enjoy\u3000these\u3000products\uff1b\u3000countless\u3000individuals\u3000involved\u3000in\u3000their\u3000production\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000one\u3000contemplates\u3000their\u3000kindness\u3000in\u3000aiding\u3000us\u3000to\u3000enjoy\u3000various\u3000products\u3002\u3000So\u3000through\u3000this\u3000contemplation\uff1b\u3000we\u3000develop\u3000the\u3000exalted\u3000remembering\u3000the\u3000kindness\u3000of\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002\u3000This\u3000is\u3000extremely\u3000important\u3000and\u3000without\u3000this\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000very\u3000difficult\u3000to\u3000actually\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000main\u3000part\u3000of\u3000this\u3000pith\u3000instruction\u3000or\u3000meditation\u3002
\n
\nThis\u3000is\u3000the\u3000same\u3000for\u3000any\u3000situation\u3000in\u3000which\u3000we\u3000find\u3000ourselves\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\uff1b\u3000now\u3000we\u3000are\u3000all\u3000sitting\u3000here\u3000enjoying\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000teaching\u3000in\u3000this\u3000beautiful\u3000building\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000building\u3000didn’t\u3000e\u3000from\u3000nowhere\u3000and\u3000it\u3000certainly\u3000didn’t\u3000e\u3000about\u3000through\u3000our\u3000efforts\u3002\u3000Rather\u3000countless\u3000individuals\u3000in\u3000the\u3000past\u3000\u2026\u3000hundreds\u3000or\u3000perhaps\u3000even\u3000thousands\u3000\u2026\u3000were\u3000involved\u3000in\u3000the\u3000planning\u3000of\u3000this\u3000building\uff1b\u3000the\u3000building\u3000of\u3000the\u3000foundations\uff1b\u3000then\u3000of\u3000the\u3000actual\u3000building\u3000itself\uff1b\u3000putting\u3000the\u3000windows\u3000in\u3000and\u3000whatever\u3000\u2026\u3000so\u3000that\u3000now\u3000we\u3000can\u3000just\u3000e\u3000to\u3000this\u3000building\u3000and\u3000enjoy\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000teaching\u3000which\u3000Rinpoche\u3000is\u3000giving\u3002\u3000But\u3000if\u3000we\u3000contemplate\u3000that\u3000hundreds\u3000or\u3000thousands\u3000of\u3000individuals\u3000have\u3000been\u3000instrumental\u3000in\u3000bringing\u3000about\u3000this\u3000Dharma\u3000talk\u3000we\u3000are\u3000now\u3000enjoying\u3000\u2026\u3000it’s\u3000not\u3000just\u3000those\u3000of\u3000us\u3000who\u3000are\u3000assembled\u3000here\uff1b\u3000rather\u3000hundreds\u3000and\u3000thousands\u3000of\u3000kind\u3000mother\u3000\/\u3000father\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000have\u3000aided\u3000us\uff1b\u3000whether\u3000knowingly\u3000or\u3000not\uff1b\u3000in\u3000the\u3000past\u3000by\u3000having\u3000built\u3000this\u3000court\u2026house\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000all\u3000of\u3000our\u3000enjoyments\u3000are\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000through\u3000the\u3000kindness\u3000of\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002\u3000Our\u3000body\u3000came\u3000into\u3000existence\u3000through\u3000the\u3000bined\u3000efforts\u3000of\u3000our\u3000mother\u3000and\u3000father\u3000and\u3000the\u3000union\u3000of\u3000the\u3000white\u3000and\u3000red\u3000fluids\u3002\u3000Then\u3000everything\u3000we\u3000own\uff1b\u3000every\u3000possession\u3000which\u3000we\u3000have\uff1b\u3000came\u3000into\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000came\u3000into\u3000our\u3000possession\uff1b\u3000through\u3000the\u3000kindness\u3000of\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002\u3000In\u3000fact\u3000everything\u3000we\u3000can\u3000imagine\u3000came\u3000into\u3000being\u3000through\u3000the\u3000kindness\u3000of\u3000other\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000\u2026\u3000so\u3000thus\u3000we\u3000should\u3000contemplate\u3002
\n
\nThe\u3000faults\u3000of\u3000self\u2026cherishing\u3000and\u3000the\u3000benefits\u3000of\u3000cherishing\u3000others
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000after\u3000this\u3000contemplation\uff1b\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000to\u3000mind\u3000the\u3000next\u3000step\u3000which\u3000is\u3000contemplating\u3000on\u3000the\u3000faults\u3000of\u3000self\u2026cherishing\u3000and\u3000the\u3000benefits\u3000of\u3000cherishing\u3000others\u3000more\u3000than\u3000oneself\u3002\u3000So\u3000it\u3000is\u3000said\u3000that\u3000self\u2026cherishing\u3000leads\u3000one\u3000by\u3000the\u3000head\uff1b\u3000as\u3000it\u3000were\uff1b\u3000into\u3000all\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000or\u3000suffering\u3002\u3000So\u3000let\u3000us\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000self\u2026cherishing\uff1a\u3000If\u3000we\u3000think\u3000of\u3000certain\u3000situations\u3000which\u3000we\u3000might\u3000find\u3000ourselves\u3000in\u3000\u2026\u3000let\u3000us\u3000say\u3000we\u3000want\u3000to\u3000have\u3000some\u3000particular\u3000object\uff1b\u3000a\u3000table\u3000or\u3000whatever\u3002\u3000Then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000don’t\u3000have\u3000the\u3000money\u3000to\u3000purchase\u3000such\u3000an\u3000item\uff1b\u3000then\u3000really\u3000wanting\u3000the\u3000best\u3000for\u3000ourselves\u3000and\u3000thinking\u3000that\u3000this\u3000’best’\u3000will\u3000only\u3000be\u3000achieved\u3000through\u3000having\u3000such\u3000an\u3000object\u3000\uff08in\u3000this\u3000instance\uff1b\u3000the\u3000table\uff09\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000will\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000stealing\u3002\u3000Then\uff1b\u3000wishing\u3000the\u3000best\u3000for\u3000ourselves\uff1b\u3000we\u3000may\u3000think\u3000that\u3000if\u3000we\u3000kill\u3000an\u3000enemy\u3000we\u3000may\u3000have\u3000greater\u3000status\u3000or\u3000greater\u3000peace\u3000or\u3000whatever\u3000\u2026\u3000then\u3000we\u3000may\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000killing\u3000another\uff1b\u3000purely\u3000through\u3000wishing\u3000to\u3000have\u3000the\u3000best\u3000for\u3000ourselves\u3002\u3000Again\u3000for\u3000example\uff1b\u3000we\u3000might\u3000wish\u3000somebody\u3000to\u3000perform\u3000an\u3000action\u3000for\u3000us\uff1b\u3000and\u3000in\u3000order\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000that\u3000about\uff1b\u3000we\u3000may\u3000confuse\u3000that\u3000person\u3000or\u3000lie\u3000to\u3000that\u3000person\u3000so\u3000that\u3000they\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000such\u3000a\u3000negative\u3000action\uff1b\u3000through\u3000which\u3000we\u3000might\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000some\u3000temporary\u3000benefit\u3002
\n
\nBut\u3000in\u3000all\u3000three\u3000of\u3000these\u3000examples\uff1b\u3000through\u3000wishing\u3000the\u3000best\u3000for\u3000ourselves\uff1b\u3000what\u3000we\u3000have\u3000generated\u3000is\u3000negative\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000the\u3000ripening\u3000results\u3000of\u3000which\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\u3000rebirth\u3000in\u3000the\u3000lower\u3000realms\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000are\u3000thus\u3000to\u3000be\u3000experienced\u3000in\u3000the\u3000future\u3002\u3000Thus\u3000it\u3000is\u3000said\u3000that\u3000this\u3000attitude\u3000\u2026\u3000wishing\u3000the\u3000best\u3000for\u3000oneself\uff1b\u3000cherishing\u3000oneself\u3000above\u3000everything\u3000else\u3000\u2026\u3000is\u3000that\u3000which\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000lead\u3000one\u3000to\u3000into\u3000all\u3000states\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000And\u3000then\u3000cherishing\u3000others\u3000more\u3000than\u3000oneself\u3000is\u3000said\u3000to\u3000be\u3000the\u3000basis\u3000or\u3000the\u3000ground\u3000of\u3000all\u3000good\u3000qualities\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000from\u3000the\u3000point\u3000of\u3000view\u3000of\u3000generating\u3000the\u3000various\u3000spiritual\u3000grounds\u3000and\u3000paths\uff1b\u3000whether\u3000they\u3000be\u3000of\u3000the\u3000greater\u3000or\u3000the\u3000lesser\u3000vehicles\uff1b\u3000all\u3000of\u3000this\u3000es\u3000about\u3000through\u3000relating\u3000with\u3000others\u3000in\u3000a\u3000positive\u3000way\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000wish\u3000to\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000the\u3000various\u3000perfections\u3000\u2026\u3000the\u3000perfection\u3000of\u3000giving\u3000then\u3000is\u3000only\u3000possible\u3000through\u3000the\u3000kindness\u3000of\u3000others\u3002\u3000Then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000morality\uff1b\u3000which\u3000is\u3000the\u3000cause\u3000of\u3000achieving\u3000human\u3000existence\u3000\u2026\u3000this\u3000is\u3000only\u3000possible\u3000through\u3000relations\u3000with\u3000others\u3002\u3000So\u3000we\u3000can\u3000see\u3000that\u3000all\u3000good\u3000qualities\uff1b\u3000all\u3000positive\u3000karmas\uff1b\u3000are\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000through\u3000viewing\u3000one’s\u3000kind\u3000parent\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000in\u3000a\u3000positive\u3000light\uff1b\u3000and\u3000thoroughly\u3000ridding\u3000oneself\u3000of\u3000wanting\u3000the\u3000best\u3000for\u3000oneself\uff1b\u3000of\u3000this\u3000self\u2026cherishing\u3000attitude\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000these\u3000qualities\u3000are\u3000enumerated\u3000in\u3000great\u3000detail\u3000in\u3000Shantideva’s\u3000book\u3000The\u3000Guide\u3000to\u3000the\u3000Bodhisattva’s\u3000Way\u3000of\u3000Life\u3000\uff08Bodhicaryavatara\uff09\u3000where\u3000he\u3000says\u3000that
\n
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000All\u3000happiness\u3000and\u3000joy\u3000in\u3000the\u3000world\u3000es\u3000about\u3000through\u3000cherishing\u3000others\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000whereas\u3000all\u3000suffering\u3000in\u3000the\u3000world\u3000es\u3000about\u3000through\u3000cherishing\u3000oneself\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000as\u3000we\u3000have\u3000seen\uff1b\u3000having\u3000this\u3000attitude\u3000which\u3000puts\u3000oneself\u3000above\u3000all\u3000others\u3000is\u3000one\u3000which\u3000is\u3000just\u3000going\u3000to\u3000lead\u3000one\u3000to\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000negative\u3000actions\uff1b\u3000the\u3000ripening\u3000results\u3000of\u3000which\u3000are\u3000nothing\u3000but\u3000that\u3000which\u3000one\u3000is\u3000trying\u3000to\u3000escape\u3000\u2026\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000dissatisfaction\u3000The\u3000Bodhicaryavatara\u3000gives\u3000manifold\u3000reasonings\u3000for\u3000the\u3000benefit\u3000of\u3000cherishing\u3000others\u3000and\u3000how\u3000terrible\u3000it\u3000is\u3000to\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000this\u3000attitude\u3000which\u3000holds\u3000oneself\u3000above\u3000others\u3002\u3000And\u3000in\u3000essence\u3000it\u3000concludes\u3000with
\n
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000What\u3000need\u3000is\u3000there\u3000for\u3000many\u3000words\uff1f
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Full\u3000enlightenment\u3000es\u3000about\u3000through\u3000the\u3000attitude\u3000of\u3000cherishing\u3000others\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000whereas\u3000all\u3000states\u3000of\u3000woe\u3000e\u3000about\u3000through\u3000cherishing\u3000oneself\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000we\u3000can\u3000see\u3000through\u3000this\u3000last\u3000quotation\u3000that\u3000the\u3000state\u3000of\u3000Buddhahood\u3000with\u3000the\u3000incredible\u3000qualities\u3000which\u3000are\u3000contained\u3000therein\uff1b\u3000es\u3000about\u3000solely\u3000through\u3000cherishing\u3000others\uff1b\u3000whereas\u3000all\u3000the\u3000states\u3000of\u3000suffering\uff1b\u3000in\u3000their\u3000various\u3000forms\uff1b\u3000e\u3000about\u3000through\u3000this\u3000self\u2026cherishing\u3000attitude\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000if\u3000we\u3000wish\u3000to\u3000achieve\u3000positive\u3000states\uff1b\u3000positive\u3000qualities\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000should\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000this\u3000attitude\u3000of\u3000cherishing\u3000others\uff1b\u3000and\u3000if\u3000we\u3000wish\u3000to\u3000thoroughly\u3000abandon\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000of\u3000ddissatisfaction\u3000then\u3000we\u3000should\u3000thoroughly\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000self\u2026cherishing\uff1b\u3000then\u3000contemplate\u3000the\u3000faults\u3000of\u3000that\u3000and\u3000then\u3000strive\u3000to\u3000change\u3000that\u3000attitude\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000these\u3000quintessential\u3000instructions\u3000\u2026\u3000the\u3000six\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000one\u3000effect\uff1b\u3000and\u3000this\u3000equalising\u3000and\u3000exchanging\u3000self\u3000for\u3000others\u3000\u2026\u3000these\u3000contemplations\u3000are\u3000to\u3000be\u3000emphasised\uff1b\u3000and\u3000if\u3000one\u3000can\u3000practice\u3000these\u3000as\u3000much\u3000as\u3000possible\uff1b\u3000this\u3000will\u3000give\u3000great\u3000impetus\u3000for\u3000achieving\u3000or\u3000generating\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000aspiring\u3000to\u3000highest\u3000enlightenment\u3000for\u3000the\u3000benefit\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002\u3000After\u3000having\u3000generated\u3000this\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000we\u3000have\u3000the\u3000basis\u3000for\u3000engaging\u3000in\u3000the\u3000Bodhisattva\u3000activities\u3000and\u3000whatever\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000activities\u3000we\u3000are\u3000engaging\u3000in\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Secret\u3000Mantra\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000they\u3000will\u3000bee\u3000useful\u3000and\u3000beneficial\uff1b\u3000not\u3000only\u3000to\u3000ourselves\u3000but\u3000to\u3000others\u3002\u3000If\u3000we\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000the\u3000mantras\u3000without\u3000this\u3000basis\u3000of\u3000bodhicitta\uff1b\u3000it’s\u3000not\u3000really\u3000going\u3000to\u3000be\u3000of\u3000much\u3000use\u3000and\u3000can\u3000in\u3000some\u3000instances\u3000be\u3000rather\u3000harmful\u3000or\u3000detrimental\u3000to\u3000one\u3002\u3000So\u3000having\u3000this\u3000practice\u3000as\u3000the\u3000core\u3000of\u3000our\u3000whole\u3000being\u3000is\u3000one\u3000which\u3000will\u3000bring\u3000great\u3000benefit\u3000to\u3000one\u3000in\u3000one’s\u3000manifold\u3000practices\u3002\u3000It\u3000is\u3000said\u3000that\u3000if\u3000all\u3000the\u3000wise\u3000ones\u3000came\u3000together\u3000and\u3000contemplated\u3000for\u3000aeons\u3000and\u3000aeons\u3000about\u3000which\u3000is\u3000the\u3000most\u3000beneficial\u3000thing\u3000for\u3000one\uff1b\u3000they\u3000wouldn\u2019t\u3000find\u3000anything\u3000more\u3000exalted\u3000than\u3000this\u3000\u2026\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000aspiring\u3000to\u3000highest\u3000enlightenment\u3000for\u3000the\u3000benefit\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002\u3000So\u3000contemplating\u3000thus\u3000we\u3000should\u3000try\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000a\u3000change\u3000in\u3000our\u3000mind\u3000through\u3000these\u3000quintessential\u3000instructions\u3002
\n
\nCORRECT\u3000VIEW
\n
\nSo\u3000continuing\u3000on\u3000with\u3000our\u3000text\u3000then\uff1b\u3000today\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000cover\u3000the\u3000subject\u3000of\u3000the\u3000correct\u3000view\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000correct\u3000view\u3000of\u3000reality\u3002\u3000Without\u3000this\u3000correct\u3000view\u3000then\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000impossible\u3000to\u3000sever\u3000the\u3000root\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000cut\u3000the\u3000root\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000uproot\u3000the\u3000seed\u3000which\u3000brings\u3000about\u3000all\u3000the\u3000manifest\u3000sufferings\u3000within\u3000Samsara\uff1b\u3000or\u3000within\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002\u3000If\u3000you\u3000ask\u3000’Why\u3000is\u3000this\uff1b\u3000what\u3000is\u3000this\u3000cause\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000which\u3000holds\u3000us\u3000in\u3000its\u3000grip\uff1f’\u3000\u2026\u3000that\u3000is\u3000none\u3000other\u3000than\u3000the\u3000ignorance\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000confusion\uff1b\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000grasping\u3000on\u3000to\u3000self\u2026existence\uff1b\u3000or\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\u3002
\n
\nTo\u3000uproot\u3000this\u3000then\uff1b\u3000we\u3000needs\u3000its\u3000antidote\uff1b\u3000or\u3000antithesis\uff1b\u3000which\u3000is\u3000then\u3000this\u3000wisdom\u3000which\u3000cognises\u3000the\u3000actual\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3002\u3000When\u3000this\u3000arises\u3000in\u3000our\u3000continuum\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000can\u3000be\u3000said\u3000to\u3000be\u3000on\u3000our\u3000way\u3000to\u3000getting\u3000rid\u3000of\u3000the\u3000root\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000dragging\u3000up\u3000or\u3000tearing\u3000up\u3000this\u3000root\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002\u3000Without\u3000this\u3000wisdom\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000impossible\u3000for\u3000us\u3000to\u3000sever\u3000this\u3000root\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000therefore\u3000it\u3000is\u3000impossible\u3000for\u3000us\u3000to\u3000gain\u3000either\u3000of\u3000the\u3000two\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000enlightenment\u3000\uff08that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000enlightenment\u3000of\u3000the\u3000lesser\u3000vehicle\u3000or\u3000the\u3000Buddhahood\u3000of\u3000the\u3000greater\u3000vehicle\uff09\u3000because\u3000both\u3000of\u3000these\u3000arise\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000thoroughly\u3000shedding\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002\u3000So\u3000in\u3000order\u3000to\u3000do\u3000that\uff1b\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000generate\u3000this\u3000wisdom\u3000within\u3000our\u3000mental\u3000continuum\uff1b\u3000or\u3000mind\u3002
\n
\nThe\u3000Prasangika\u3000Madhyamika\u3000view
\n
\nThe\u3000viewpoint\u3000which\u3000I’m\u3000going\u3000to\u3000teach\u3000from\u3000today\u3000is\u3000the\u3000highest\u3000philosophical\u3000viewpoint\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000Prasangika\u3000Madhyamika\u3000view\u3002\u3000Within\u3000this\u3000system\u3000what\u3000we\u3000find\u3000is\u3000that\u3000there\u3000is\u3000a\u3000unique\u3000presentation\u3000of\u3000the\u3000various\u3000grounds\u3000and\u3000paths\u3002\u3000With\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000paths\u3000then\uff1b\u3000the\u3000Prasangika\u3000Madhyamika\u3000v \n
\n \n
\n
\n
\n ntation\u3000of\u3000the\u3000various\u3000grounds\u3000and\u3000paths\u3002\u3000With\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000paths\u3000then\uff1b\u3000the\u3000Prasangika\u3000Madhyamika\u3000view\u3000holds\u3000that\u3000the\u3000practitioners\u3000of\u3000the\u3000hearer\u3000and\u3000the\u3000Solitary\u3000Realiser\u3000lineages\u3000cognise\u3000the\u3000emptiness\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000lack\u3000of\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000and\u3000through\u3000that\u3000they\u3000achieve\u3000the\u3000lesser\u3000nirvana\u3002\u3000The\u3000other\u3000philosophical\u3000schools\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\uff1b\u3000Svatantrika\u3000Madhyamika\uff1b\u3000the\u3000Mind\u3000Only\u3000school\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000they\u3000say\u3000that\u3000these\u3000persons\u3000\uff08that\u3000is\u3000those\u3000of\u3000the\u3000lesser\u3000vehicles\u3000lineages\uff09\u3000do\u3000not\u3000cognise\u3000the\u3000emptiness\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000and\u3000because\u3000of\u3000that\uff1b\u3000they\u3000don’t\u3000achieve\u3000nirvana\u3002\u3000However\u3000it\u3000is\u3000difficult\u3000to\u3000assert\u3000that\uff1b\u3000so\u3000what\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000put\u3000forward\u3000is\u3000that\u3000the\u3000practitioners\u3000of\u3000these\u3000lesser\u3000vehicles\uff1b\u3000cognise\u3000the\u3000actual\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000emptiness\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000and\u3000from\u3000that\u3000viewpoint\uff1b\u3000we\u3000will\u3000proceed\u3000with\u3000the\u3000presentation\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Prasangika\u3000Madhyamika\u3000view\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000here\u3000what\u3000we\u3000are\u3000presenting\u3000is\u3000a\u3000view\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000or\u3000what\u3000is\u3000known\u3000as\u3000the\u3000ultimate\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000abiding\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000abiding\u3000or\u3000the\u3000way\u3000of\u3000abiding\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3000at\u3000its\u3000utmost\u3000peak\u3002\u3000The\u3000reason\u3000for\u3000talking\u3000about\u3000the\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3000is\u3000that\u3000the\u3000underlying\u3000way\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000of\u3000all\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000whether\u3000animate\u3000or\u3000inanimate\u3000\u2026\u3000their\u3000final\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000is\u3000what\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000be\u3000presented\u3000here\u3002\u3000This\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3000is\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000when\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000various\u3000classifications\u3000of\u3000teachings\u3000by\u3000the\u3000Enlightened\u3000One\u3002\u3000We\u3000can\u3000classify\u3000the\u3000various\u3000sutras\u3000as\u3000belonging\u3000to\u3000two\u3000different\u3000categories\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000sutras\u3000of\u3000definitive\u3000and\u3000then\u3000interpretative\u3000meanings\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000two\u3000different\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000sutra\u3000then\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\u3000the\u3000sutra\u3000which\u3000teaches\u3000us\u3000that\u3000all\u3000posite\u3000phenomena\u3000are\u3000impermanent\uff1b\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000abiding\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3000we\u3000do\u3000see\u3000that\u3000if\u3000they\u3000are\u3000posite\uff1b\u3000then\u3000they\u3000are\u3000momentarily\u3000disintegrating\u3002\u3000This\u3000is\u3000in\u3000one\u3000level\u3000the\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000that\u3000phenomena\u3000\u2026\u3000that\u3000they\u3000are\u3000momentarily\u3000disintegrating\u3002\u3000However\u3000there\u3000is\u3000something\u3000that\u3000through\u3000further\u3000analysis\u3000will\u3000e\u3000to\u3000light\uff1b\u3000and\u3000that\u3000is\u3000that\u3000the\u3000objects\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000themselves\u3000\u2026\u3000albeit\u3000an\u3000impermanent\u3000object\u3000or\u3000momentarily\u3000disintegrating\u3000object\u3000\u2026\u3000those\u3000objects\u3000are\u3000themselves\u3000empty\u3000of\u3000any\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000empty\u3000of\u3000any\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000from\u3000their\u3000own\u3000side\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000then\u3000is\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000’final’\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000’final\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000existence’\u3002\u3000The\u3000’final’\u3000here\u3000then\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000the\u3000ultimate\u3000or\u3000the\u3000empty\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3002
\n
\nIf\u3000you\u3000have\u3000some\u3000doubt\u3000about\u3000that\u3000we\u3000can\u3000clarify\u3000it\u3000by\u3000quoting\u3000another\u3000sutra\u3000which\u3000says\u3000that\u3000one\u3000must\u3000kill\u3000one’s\u3000mother\u3000and\u3000father\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000explain\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000’killing\u3000one’s\u3000father\u3000and\u3000mother’\u3000here\u3000by\u3000looking\u3000at\u3000the\u3000twelve\u3000links\u3000of\u3000dependent\u3000origination\u3002\u3000So\u3000within\u3000those\u3000twelve\uff1b\u3000we\u3000find\u3000that\u3000the\u3000third\u3000and\u3000the\u3000ninth\u3000then\u3000are\u3000talking\u3000about\u3000various\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000so\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000’to\u3000kill\u3000one’s\u3000father\u3000and\u3000mother’\u3000is\u3000to\u3000kill\u3000these\u3000two\u3000types\u3000of\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000because\u3000Buddha\u3000has\u3000on\u3000numerous\u3000occasions\u3000made\u3000clear\u3000that\uff1b\u3000for\u3000a\u3000follower\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Buddha\uff1b\u3000killing\u3000is\u3000pletely\u3000out\u3000of\u3000the\u3000question\u3002\u3000So\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000clarify\uff1b\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000interpret\uff1b\u3000the\u3000meaning\u3000of\u3000those\u3000sutras\u3002\u3000Whereas\u3000the\u3000sutras\u3000which\u3000present\u3000the\u3000actual\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000empty\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000those\u3000particular\u3000sutras\u3000don’t\u3000need\u3000any\u3000interpretation\u3000because\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000what\u3000they\u3000are\u3000presenting\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000nothing\u3000else\u3000to\u3000be\u3000found\u3000within\u3000that\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000they\u3000are\u3000presenting\u3000the\u3000final\u3000nature\u3000or\u3000the\u3000final\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000of\u3000both\u3000animate\u3000and\u3000inanimate\u3000phenomena\u3002\u3000So\u3000it\u3000is\u3000from\u3000that\u3000point\u3000of\u3000view\u3000that\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000actual\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000look\u3000at\u3000its\u3000antithesis\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000ignorance\u3000which\u3000is\u3000the\u3000cause\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000ignorance\u3000which\u3000is\u3000confused\u3000about\u3000that\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000and\u3000through\u3000its\u3000confusion\u3000grasps\u3000onto\u3000the\u3000actual\u3000reverse\u3000of\u3000that\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000grasps\u3000onto\u3000self\u2026\u3000or\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\u3002\u3000So\u3000the\u3000antithesis\u3000is\u3000what\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000study\u3000today\u3000and\u3000going\u3000back\u3000to\u3000the\u3000root\u3000text\u3000then\uff1b\u3000it\u3000says\uff1a
\n
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Although\u3000you\u3000practice\u3000renunciation\u3000and\u3000Bodhi\u3000mind\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Without\u3000wisdom\uff1b\u3000the\u3000realisation\u3000of\u3000voidness\uff1b\u3000you\u3000cannot\u3000cut\u3000the\u3000root\u3000of\u3000Samsara\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Therefore\u3000strive\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000dependent\u3000origination\u3000\uff08or\u3000dependent\u3000arising\uff09\u3002\u3000
\n
\nSo\u3000here\u3000then\u3000it’s\u3000quite\u3000clear\uff1a\u3000Even\u3000though\u3000one\u3000practices\u3000renunciation\u3000and\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000aspiring\u3000to\u3000the\u3000highest\u3000enlightenment\u3000for\u3000the\u3000benefit\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\uff1b\u3000without\u3000this\u3000wisdom\u3000which\u3000cognises\u3000the\u3000final\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000empty\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000one\u3000cannot\u3000uproot\u3000the\u3000cause\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000and\u3000therefore\u3000one\u3000cannot\u3000be\u3000free\u3000from\u3000the\u3000fetters\u3000of\u3000Samsara\u3002\u3000So\u3000therefore\u3000it’s\u3000extremely\u3000important\u3000then\u3000to\u3000search\u3000out\u3000this\u3000final\uff1b\u3000or\u3000ultimate\uff1b\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000therefore\u3000we\u3000are\u3000encouraged\u3000to\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000trying\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000dependent\u3000origination\uff1b\u3000or\u3000dependent\u3000arising\uff1b\u3000because\u3000it\u3000is\u3000through\u3000applying\u3000the\u3000sign\u3000of\u3000dependent\u3000arising\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\u3000\u2026\u3000setting\u3000up\u3000a\u3000syllogism\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\uff1b\u3000the\u3000subject\u3000\u2026\u3000a\u3000sprout\u3000\u2026\u3000is\u3000empty\u3000of\u3000inherent\u3000existence\u3000because\u3000it\u3000is\u3000dependent\u3000arising\u3002\u3000Understanding\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000dependent\u3000arising\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000that\u3000understanding\u3000we\u3000can\u3000e\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000the\u3000lack\u3000of\u3000a\u3000true\u3000or\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000’emptiness’\u3002\u3000So\u3000all\u3000these\u3000different\u3000words\u3000we\u3000keep\u3000hearing\u3000\u2026\u3000’final\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000phenomena’\uff1b\u3000’emptiness’\uff1b\u3000’suchness’\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3000\u2026\u3000these\u3000are\u3000all\u3000just\u3000mere\u3000enumerations\u3000on\u3000the\u3000same\u3000meaning\u3000which\u3000is\u3000that\u3000phenomena\u3000lack\u3000any\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\u3002\u3000We\u3000are\u3000encouraged\u3000then\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000dependent\u3000origination\uff1b\u3000or\u3000dependent\u3000arising\uff1b\u3000then\u3000to\u3000set\u3000that\u3000as\u3000the\u3000sign\u3000by\u3000means\u3000of\u3000which\u3000we\u3000can\u3000prove\u3000the\u3000thesis\u3000that\u3000phenomena\u3000are\u3000lacking\u3000in\u3000any\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\u3002
\n
\nDependent\u3000arising
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000dependent\u3000arising\u3000is\u3000the\u3000reason\u3000which\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000be\u3000utilised\u3000in\u3000proving\u3000that\u3000phenomena\u3000lack\u3000any\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000autonomous\u3000or\u3000true\u3000existence\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000to\u3000utilise\u3000this\uff1b\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\uff1b\u3000as\u3000we\u3000mentioned\u3000earlier\uff1b\u3000set\u3000up\u3000the\u3000syllogism\u3002\u3000So\u3000for\u3000example\u3000what\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000prove\u3000\u2026\u3000the\u3000thesis\u3000\u2026\u3000is\u3000that\u3000phenomena\u3000are\u3000lacking\u3000in\u3000true\u3000existence\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000then\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000being\u3000negated\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000object\u3000of\u3000negation\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000true\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000because\u3000if\u3000we\u3000don\u2019t\u3000have\u3000a\u3000clear\u3000understanding\u3000of\u3000what\u3000is\u3000to\u3000be\u3000negated\u3000then\u3000there\u3000is\u3000every\u3000chance\u3000that\u3000we\u3000might\u3000negate\u3000too\u3000much\u3000and\u3000fall\u3000to\u3000the\u3000extreme\u3000that\u3000nothing\u3000exists\u3000whatsoever\uff1b\u3000or\u3000if\u3000we\u3000leave\u3000too\u3000much\u3000behind\u3000then\u3000we\u3000might\u3000fall\u3000into\u3000the\u3000extreme\u3000of\u3000permanence\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000in\u3000order\u3000to\u3000avoid\u3000these\u3000two\u3000extremes\uff1b\u3000of\u3000true\u3000existence\u3000and\u3000non\u2026existence\uff1b\u3000or\u3000permanence\u3000and\u3000annihilation\uff1b\u3000it\u2019s\u3000very\u3000important\u3000that\u3000we\u3000understand\u3000exactly\u3000what\u3000is\u3000mean\u3000by\u3000true\u3000existence\u3000and\u3000exactly\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000its\u3000antithesis\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000lack\u3000of\u3000true\u3000existence\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000this\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000be\u3000proved\u3000through\u3000utilising\u3000the\u3000reasoning\u3000of\u3000dependent\u3000arising\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000setting\u3000that\u3000sign\uff1b\u3000we\u3000are\u3000able\u3000then\u3000to\u3000cut\u3000this\u3000mistaken\u3000view\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000syllogism\u3000that\u3000we\u2019re\u3000setting\u3000up\u3000then\u3000\u2026\u3000you\u3000may\u3000wonder\uff1a\u3000well\uff1b\u3000is\u3000this\u3000the\u3000actual\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000is\u3000this\u3000the\u3000actual\u3000lack\u3000of\u3000true\u3000existence\u3000or\u3000not\uff1f\u3000So\u3000this\u3000is\u3000clearly\u3000stated\u3000to\u3000not\u3000be\u3000the\u3000actual\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000is\u3000a\u3000convention\uff1b\u3000a\u3000convention\u3000which\u3000will\u3000then\u3000lead\u3000us\u3000to\u3000the\u3000ultimate\u3000understanding\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000lead\u3000us\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000the\u3000mode\u3000in\u3000which\u3000phenomena\u3000actually\u3000exist\u3002\u3000This\u3000is\u3000clearly\u3000mentioned\u3000by\u3000Chandrakirti\u3000in\u3000one\u3000of\u3000his\u3000works\u3000where\u3000he\u3000says\u3000that\u3000utilising\u3000the\u3000convention\u3000is\u3000the\u3000method\u3000to\u3000get\u3000to\u3000the\u3000ultimate\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000then\u3000\u2019method\u2019\u3000is\u3000referring\u3000to\u3000the\u3000setting\u3000up\u3000of\u3000that\u3000syllogism\uff1b\u3000having\u3000the\u3000basis\u3000upon\u3000which\u3000one\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000prove\u3000emptiness\uff1b\u3000then\u3000having\u3000the\u3000idea\u3000of\u3000the\u3000thesis\u3000that\u3000something\u3000is\u3000empty\u3000of\u3000some\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000autonomous\u3000or\u3000true\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000having\u3000the\u3000reason\u3000to\u3000prove\u3000that\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000these\u3000are\u3000all\u3000within\u3000the\u3000realm\u3000of\u3000conventionality\u3000and\u3000are\u3000used\u3000as\u3000a\u3000method\u3000to\u3000generate\u3000the\u3000ultimate\u3002\u3000The\u3000ultimate\u3000here\uff1b\u3000as\u3000the\u3000text\u3000goes\u3000on\u3000to\u3000explain\uff1b\u3000is\u3000the\u3000subject\u3000which\u3000the\u3000superiors\u3000meditate\u3000upon\u3002\u3000So\u3000the\u3000superiors’\u3000meditative\u3000equipoise\u3000is\u3000a\u3000single\u2026pointed\u3000concentration\u3000upon\u3000the\u3000ultimate\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3002\u3000Being\u3000such\u3000then\uff1b\u3000it\u3000continually\u3000dwells\u3000on\u3000the\u3000empty\u3000nature\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000final\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000the\u3000true\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000lacking\u3000any\u3000autonomy\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000then\u3000is\u3000the\u3000wisdom\u3000which\u3000is\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000through\u3000utilising\u3000the\u3000conventional\u3000method\u3000of\u3000the\u3000reasoning\u3000of\u3000dependent\u3000arising\u3000to\u3000prove\u3000the\u3000thesis\u3000of\u3000the\u3000lack\u3000of\u3000any\u3000autonomous\u3000or\u3000true\u3000existence\u3002\u3000So\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000be\u3000very\u3000clear\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000this\u3000middle\u3000way\u3000\u2026\u3000\uff08’middle\u3000way’\u3000here\u3000being\u3000between\u3000the\u3000two\u3000extremes\u3000of\u3000permanence\u3000and\u3000annihilation\uff09\u3000\u2026\u3000so\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000be\u3000clear\u3000that\u3000we\u3000don\u2019t\u3000leave\u3000too\u3000much\u3000behind\u3000and\u3000then\u3000fall\u3000to\u3000the\u3000extreme\u3000that\u3000there\u3000is\u3000some\u3000permanent\u3000or\u3000true\u3000or\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000or\u3000that\u3000we\u3000cut\u3000too\u3000much\u3000and\u3000then\u3000we\u3000are\u3000left\u3000with\u3000nothing\u3000and\u3000fall\u3000to\u3000the\u3000extreme\u3000of\u3000annihilation\u3002\u3000Thus\u3000then\u3000the\u3000middle\u3000way\u3000has\u3000to\u3000be\u3000viewed\u3000as\u3000that\u3000which\u3000is\u3000between\u3000the\u3000two\u3000extremes\u3000of\u3000permanence\u3000and\u3000annihilation\uff1b\u3000and\u3000this\u3000is\u3000what\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000be\u3000proved\u3000through\u3000utilising\u3000the\u3000reasoning\u3000of\u3000the\u3000dependent\u3000arising\u3002
\n
\nSelflessness
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000we\u3000initially\u3000have\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000when\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000\u2026\u3000let\u3000us\u3000use\u3000the\u3000example\u3000of\u3000a\u3000human\u3000being\u3000or\u3000a\u3000sentient\u3000being\u3000as\u3000our\u3000basis\u3000for\u3000proving\u3000the\u3000lack\u3000of\u3000any\u3000autonomous\u3000or\u3000self\u2026existence\u3002\u3000If\u3000then\u3000we\u3000use\u3000as\u3000a\u3000basis\u3000for\u3000example\u3000a\u3000human\u3000being\u3000\uff08let\u3000us\u3000leave\u3000aside\u3000animals\u3000and\u3000 \n
\n \n
\n
\n
\n self\u2026existence\u3002\u3000If\u3000then\u3000we\u3000use\u3000as\u3000a\u3000basis\u3000for\u3000example\u3000a\u3000human\u3000being\u3000\uff08let\u3000us\u3000leave\u3000aside\u3000animals\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3000for\u3000the\u3000time\u3000being\uff09\u3000\u2013\u3000then\u3000human\u3000beings\u3000exist\uff1b\u3000you\u3000exist\uff1b\u3000I\u3000exist\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000somebody\u3000who\u3000creates\u3000causes\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000somebody\u3000who\u3000experiences\u3000results\u3000because\u3000there\u3000is\u3000the\u3000karmic\u3000law\u3000which\u3000we\u3000have\u3000gone\u3000through\u3000earlier\u3000on\u3002\u3000So\u3000in\u3000that\u3000way\u3000there\u3000is\u3000an\u3000\u2018I\u2019\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000a\u3000self\u3000who\u3000is\u3000creating\u3000causes\uff1b\u3000who\u3000is\u3000experiencing\u3000results\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000there\u3000is\u3000something\u3000which\u3000goes\u3000from\u3000this\u3000life\u3000to\u3000the\u3000future\u3000life\u3002\u3000So\u3000that\u3000self\u3000exists\uff1b\u3000also\u3000we\u3000know\u3000this\u3000because\u3000we\u3000see\u3000other\u3000individuals\u3000with\u3000our\u3000eyes\u3002\u3000If\u3000we\u3000were\u3000to\u3000say\u3000that\u3000self\u3000or\u3000human\u3000being\uff1b\u3000being\u3000mere\u3000elaborations\u3000on\u3000the\u3000same\u3000meaning\uff1b\u3000that\u3000they\u3000don\u2019t\u3000exist\uff1b\u3000then\u3000what\u3000are\u3000we\u3000seeing\u3000when\u3000we\u3000see\u3000other\u3000human\u3000beings\u3000with\u3000our\u3000eyes\uff1f\u3000So\u3000that\u3000self\u3000exists\uff1b\u3000exists\u3000in\u3000a\u3000conventional\u3000way\uff1b\u3000exists\u3000in\u3000a\u3000nominal\u3000way\u3002
\n
\nThen\u3000when\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000\u2018selflessness\u2019\u3000or\u3000\u2018I\u2026lessness\u2019\uff1b\u3000what\u3000is\u3000this\u3000’I’\u3000which\u3000is\u3000being\u3000spoken\u3000about\uff1f\u3000Here\uff1b\u3000what\u3000we\u3000are\u3000talking\u3000about\u3000is\u3000a\u3000lack\u3000of\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000because\u3000human\u3000beings\u3000exist\u3000as\u3000designations\u3000upon\u3000the\u3000five\u3000aggregates\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000aggregates\u3000of\u3000body\u3000and\u3000then\u3000the\u3000various\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000mind\u3002\u3000So\u3000on\u3000this\u3000basis\u3000then\uff1b\u3000an\u3000\u2018I\u2019\u3000is\u3000imputed\u3002\u3000And\u3000that\u3000\u2018I\u2019\u3000then\u3000if\u3000grasped\u3000as\u3000anything\u3000else\uff1b\u3000as\u3000anything\u3000other\u3000than\u3000an\u3000imputation\u3000upon\u3000these\u3000five\u3000aggregates\uff1b\u3000seen\u3000as\u3000being\u3000something\u3000other\u3000than\u3000them\uff1b\u3000as\u3000existing\u3000solidly\u3000from\u3000its\u3000own\u3000side\uff1b\u3000that\u3000’I’\uff1b\u3000that\u3000feeling\u3000that\u3000we\u3000have\uff1b\u3000that\u3000feeling\u3000that\u3000something\u3000exists\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\u3000is\u3000the\u3000\u2018I\u2019\u3000or\u3000the\u3000self\u3000which\u3000is\u3000to\u3000be\u3000negated\uff1b\u3000thus\u3000we\u3000have\u3000selflessness\u3000or\u3000\u2018I\u2026lessness\u2019\u3002\u3000So\u3000it\u3000is\u3000extremely\u3000important\u3000to\u3000make\u3000a\u3000distinction\u3000between\u3000these\u3000two\u3000different\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000self\u3000or\u3000these\u3000two\u3000different\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000\u2018I\u2019\u3000\u2013\u3000one\u3000existing\u3000nominally\uff1b\u3000the\u3000other\u3000one\u3000not\u3000existing\u3000ultimately\u3000and\u3000the\u3000view\u3000that\u3000that\u3000exists\u3000being\u3000thus\u3000the\u3000mistaken\u3000view\uff1b\u3000the\u3000one\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000trying\u3000to\u3000negate\u3000or\u3000remove\u3000through\u3000our\u3000contemplations\u3000upon\u3000thusness\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000it\u3000is\u3000extremely\u3000important\u3000then\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000clearly\u3000these\u3000two\u3000modes\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000these\u3000two\u3000\u2018I\u2019s\uff1b\u3000or\u3000these\u3000two\u3000selves\uff1b\u3000which\u3000we\u3000experience\u3000because\uff1b\u3000as\u3000is\u3000mentioned\u3000in\u3000the\u3000Bodhisattva\u3000grounds\uff1b\u3000when\u3000we\u3000explain\u3000the\u3000actual\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3000or\u3000the\u3000selflessness\u3000of\u3000people\u3000or\u3000persons\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000very\u3000easy\u3000to\u3000fall\u3000to\u3000the\u3000extreme\u3000that\u3000nothing\u3000exists\u3000at\u3000all\u3000\u2026\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000person\u3000creating\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000nobody\u3000to\u3000experience\u3000the\u3000result\u3000of\u3000that\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000’I’\u3000used\u3000as\u3000a\u3000conventional\u3000term\u3000which\u3000is\u3000going\u3000between\u3000one\u3000existence\u3000and\u3000another\u3000existence\u3002\u3000When\u3000this\u3000is\u3000presented\u3000then\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000be\u3000extremely\u3000careful\u3000in\u3000making\u3000clear\u3000this\u3000distinction\u3000at\u3000the\u3000beginning\u3000because\uff1b\u3000as\u3000the\u3000Bodhisattva\u3000grounds\u3000mentions\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000every\u3000danger\u3000that\u3000the\u3000listener\uff1b\u3000the\u3000person\u3000who\u3000is\u3000being\u3000instructed\uff1b\u3000might\u3000fall\u3000to\u3000the\u3000extreme\u3000that\u3000because\u3000we\u3000are\u3000taught\u3000selflessness\uff1b\u3000that\u3000self\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000us\uff1b\u3000ourselves\u3000\u2013\u3000then\u3000there\u3000is\u3000nobody\u3000to\u3000create\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000nobody\u3000to\u3000experience\u3000the\u3000results\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000past\u3000and\u3000future\u3000lives\uff1b\u3000and\u3000they\u3000fall\u3000into\u3000this\u3000extreme\u3000wrong\u3000view\u3000that\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000karma\u3000and\u3000no\u3000continuation\u3000from\u3000this\u3000life\u3000to\u3000a\u3000future\u3000life\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000one\u3000has\u3000to\u3000be\u3000extremely\u3000clear\u3000then\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000this\u3000presentation\u3000of\u3000how\u3000the\u3000self\u3000exists\uff1b\u3000and\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000selflessness\u3000or\u3000I\u2026lessness\u3002\u3000So\u3000one\u3000of\u3000the\u3000distinctions\u3000which\u3000is\u3000extremely\u3000important\u3000to\u3000make\u3000is\u3000one\u3000that\u3000is\u3000quite\u3000simple\uff1b\u3000but\u3000when\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000seeing\u3000things\u3000or\u3000experiencing\u3000things\uff1b\u3000like\u3000we\u3000experience\u3000our\u3000self\u3000directly\uff1b\u3000we\u3000experience\u3000others\u3000through\u3000our\u3000eye\u2026consciousness\uff1b\u3000now\u3000this\u3000valid\u3000cognition\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000using\u3000is\u3000then\u3000one\u3000which\u3000is\u3000correct\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000object\u3000which\u3000it\u3000entertains\uff1b\u3000or\u3000which\u3000it\u3000engages\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000one\u3000is\u3000perceiving\u3000somebody\u3000else\u3000as\u3000being\u3000an\u3000object\u3000of\u3000one\u2019s\u3000valid\u3000cognition\uff1b\u3000then\u3000that\u3000must\u3000be\u3000something\u3000which\u3000exists\u3000because\u3000the\u3000very\u3000differentiating\u3000point\u3000between\u3000existence\u3000and\u3000non\u2026existence\u3000is\u3000whether\u3000the\u3000object\u3000can\u3000be\u3000cognised\u3000by\u3000valid\u3000cognition\u3000or\u3000not\u3002\u3000So\u3000as\u3000we\u3000see\u3000other\u3000individuals\u3000then\uff1b\u3000we\u3000are\u3000seeing\u3000them\u3000with\u3000a\u3000correct\u3000or\u3000valid\u3000cognition\uff1b\u3000therefore\u3000there\u3000must\u3000be\u3000some\u3000object\u3000existing\u3000there\u3000for\u3000us\u3000to\u3000see\u3002\u3000This\u3000is\u3000the\u3000nominally\u3000existent\u3000or\u3000the\u3000existing\u3000’I’\uff1b\u3000then\u3000the\u3000\u2018I\u2019\u3000which\u3000is\u3000to\u3000be\u3000negated\u3000is\u3000the\u3000emptiness\u3000of\u3000an\u3000autonomously\u3000existing\u3000’I’\uff1b\u3000\uff08\u3000\u2018autonomous\u2019\u3000here\u3000referring\u3000to\u3000not\u3000being\u3000part\u3000of\u3000the\u3000five\u3000aggregates\u3000but\u3000existing\u3000as\u3000something\u3000other\u3000than\u3000that\uff09\u3002\u3000Through\u3000that\u3000contemplation\u3000then\uff1b\u3000the\u3000ignorance\u3000which\u3000grasps\u3000onto\u3000that\u3000is\u3000removed\u3002
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\nThe\u3000object\u3000of\u3000negation
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000initially\u3000it\u2019s\u3000incredibly\u3000important\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000the\u3000object\u3000of\u3000negation\u3002\u3000When\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000something\u3000lacking\u3000natural\u3000or\u3000true\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000however\u3000we\u3000like\u3000to\u3000use\u3000that\u3000language\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000are\u3000getting\u3000down\u3000to\u3000the\u3000same\u3000point\u3000\u2013\u3000something\u3000lacking\u3000any\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000from\u3000its\u3000own\u3000side\u3002\u3000So\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000then\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000\u2018existing\u3000from\u3000its\u3000own\u3000side\u2019\u3000or\u3000\u2018true\u3000existence\u2019\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000So\u3000in\u3000order\u3000to\u3000do\u3000that\uff1b\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000this\u3000ignorance\u3000which\u3000grasps\u3000onto\u3000such\u3000phenomena\u3000in\u3000a\u3000mistaken\u3000way\uff1b\u3000and\u3000for\u3000that\u3000to\u3000happen\uff1b\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000the\u3000naturally\u3000arising\u3000or\u3000spontaneously\u3000produced\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000is\u3000grasping\u3000at\u3000true\u3000or\u3000self\u3000existence\u3002\u3000Through\u3000observing\u3000that\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000can\u3000e\u3000to\u3000see\u3000the\u3000way\u3000that\u3000this\u3000ignorance\u3000grasps\u3000onto\u3000its\u3000object\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000then\u3000e\u3000to\u3000see\u3000the\u3000actual\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000the\u3000object\u3000and\u3000the\u3000mistaken\u3000way\u3000which\u3000it\u3000is\u3000being\u3000grasped\u3000at\u3000by\u3000this\u3000naturally\u3000or\u3000spontaneously\u3000arising\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000ignorance\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000when\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000understanding\u3000the\u3000object\u3000of\u3000negation\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000in\u3000the\u3000scriptures\u3000we\u3000can\u3000take\u3000a\u3000quotation\u3000from\u3000Shantideva\u2019s\u3000Bodhicaryavatara\u3000which\u3000mentions\u3000\u2026\u3000How\u3000without\u3000understanding\u3000true\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000can\u3000you\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000the\u3000lack\u3000of\u3000true\u3000existence\uff1f\u3000So\u3000here\u3000it\u2019s\u3000very\u3000clear\u3000isn\u2019t\u3000it\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000want\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000lack\u3000of\u3000true\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000initially\u3000true\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000that\u3000which\u3000is\u3000to\u3000be\u3000negated\u3002
\n
\nIn\u3000a\u3000simpler\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000answer\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000a\u3000house\u3000or\u3000a\u3000building\uff1b\u3000if\u3000someone\u3000were\u3000to\u3000e\u3000to\u3000us\u3000and\u3000say\u3000\u2018Is\u3000Lodro\u3000in\u3000the\u3000house\uff1f\u2019\uff1b\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000don\u2019t\u3000know\u3000who\u3000Lodro\u3000is\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u2019t\u3000possibly\u3000answer\u3000that\u3000person\u3000\u2013\u3000we\u3000cannot\u3000say\u3000\u2018yes\u2019\u3000or\u3000we\u3000cannot\u3000say\u3000\u2018no\u2019\u3002\u3000Even\u3000though\u3000we\u3000might\u3000say\u3000the\u3000word\u3000\u2018Lodro\u2019\u3000a\u3000lot\uff1b\u3000it\u3000doesn\u2019t\u3000really\u3000mean\u3000anything\u3000because\u3000we\u3000don\u2019t\u3000understand\u3000the\u3000basis\u3000to\u3000which\u3000this\u3000word\uff1b\u3000or\u3000this\u3000name\uff1b\u3000is\u3000attached\uff1b\u3000or\u3000given\u3002\u3000So\u3000in\u3000the\u3000same\u3000way\u3000we\u3000may\u3000say\u3000\u2018lack\u3000of\u3000self\u3000existence\u2019\u3000or\u3000\u2018lack\u3000of\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\u2019\uff1b\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000but\u3000unless\u3000we\u3000are\u3000really\u3000clear\u3000about\u3000what\u3000’self\u3000existence’\u3000is\u3000or\u3000what\u3000’autonomous\u3000existence’\u3000is\u3000then\u3000it\u3000just\u3000is\u3000a\u3000lot\u3000of\u3000play\u3000with\u3000words\uff1b\u3000we\u2019re\u3000not\u3000really\u3000going\u3000to\u3000learn\u3000anything\u3000from\u3000that\uff1b\u3000and\u3000what\u3000is\u3000more\uff1b\u3000we\u2019re\u3000not\u3000really\u3000going\u3000to\u3000be\u3000able\u3000to\u3000develop\u3000the\u3000wisdom\u3000which\u3000cognises\u3000this\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000abiding\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3002\u3000So\u3000it\u3000is\u3000extremely\u3000important\u3000then\u3000initially\u3000for\u3000us\u3000beginners\u3000to\u3000contemplate\u3000upon\u3000this\u3000object\u3000of\u3000negation\uff1b\u3000that\u3000which\u3000is\u3000actually\u3000negated\u3000by\u3000its\u3000antithesis\u3000and\u3000the\u3000wisdom\u3000arising\u3000thereafter\u3002\u3000And\u3000for\u3000those\u3000of\u3000you\u3000who\u3000have\u3000already\u3000understood\u3000this\u3000then\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000not\u3000much\u3000point\u3000in\u3000me\u3000going\u3000on\u3000about\uff1b\u3000but\u3000for\u3000the\u3000majority\u3000of\u3000us\u3000beginners\u3000then\u3000it\u2019s\u3000incredibly\u3000important\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000the\u3000object\u3000of\u3000negation\u3002
\n
\nTwo\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000reasoning
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\nSo\u3000then\u3000in\u3000order\u3000to\u3000find\u3000the\u3000ultimate\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3000we\u3000contemplate\u3000its\u3000antithesis\u3000\u2026\u3000true\u3000existence\u3000or\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\u3000\u2026\u3000and\u3000then\u3000we\u3000strive\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000the\u3000opposite\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\u3000selflessness\uff1b\u3000or\u3000lacking\u3000autonomous\u3000or\u3000self\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000way\u3000we\u3000do\u3000this\u3000\u2026\u3000because\u3000this\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3000is\u3000the\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3000which\u3000is\u3000classified\u3000as\u3000a\u3000hidden\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000rely\u3000upon\u3000a\u3000correct\u3000line\u3000of\u3000reasoning\u3000to\u3000draw\u3000out\u3000or\u3000to\u3000prove\u3000what\u3000we\u3000are\u3000trying\u3000to\u3000set\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000or\u3000our\u3000thesis\u3002\u3000In\u3000order\u3000to\u3000do\u3000this\u3000there\u3000are\u3000various\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000reasoning\u3000we\u3000can\u3000set\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000but\u3000from\u3000within\u3000those\u3000we\u3000find\u3000that\u3000two\u3000are\u3000the\u3000best\u3000two\u3002\u3000So\u3000the\u3000first\u3000of\u3000these\u3000is\u3000the\u3000reasoning\u3000of\u3000’the\u3000one\u3000and\u3000the\u3000many’\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000second\u3000one\u3000is\u3000the\u3000’king\u3000of\u3000reasonings’\u3000then\uff1b\u3000the\u3000reasoning\u3000of\u3000dependent\u3000origination\u3000or\u3000dependent\u3000arising\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000from\u3000within\u3000these\u3000two\u3000then\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000said\u3000that\u3000the\u3000reasoning\u3000of\u3000the\u3000one\u3000and\u3000the\u3000many\u3000\u2026\u3000from\u3000this\u3000we\u3000draw\u3000out\u3000the\u3000renowned\u3000fourfold\u3000analysis\u3002\u3000This\u3000is\u3000for\u3000beginners\uff1b\u3000the\u3000easiest\u3000way\u3000to\u3000settle\u3000or\u3000e\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000the\u3000ultimate\u3000nature\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000ultimate\u3000mode\uff1b\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3002\u3000However\u3000then\uff1b\u3000when\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000other\u3000reasoning\u3000\u2026\u3000the\u3000’king\u3000of\u3000reasonings’\uff1b\u3000that\u3000of\u3000dependent\u3000arising\u3000or\u3000dependent\u3000origination\uff1b\u3000this\u3000reasoning\u3000is\u3000one\u3000which\u3000is\u3000renowned\u3000as\u3000the\u3000king\u3000for\u3000what\u3000reason\uff1f\u3000For\u3000the\u3000reason\u3000that\u3000the\u3000Mind\u3000Only\u3000school\u3000use\u3000this\u3000reasoning\u3000to\u3000prove\u3000true\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000whereas\u3000the\u3000Madhyamika\u3000school\u3000use\u3000this\u3000to\u3000prove\u3000non\u2026true\u3000existence\u3002\u3000So\u3000everybody\u3000is\u3000ing\u3000down\u3000to\u3000this\u3000same\u3000point\u3000of\u3000dependent\u3000arising\uff1b\u3000and\u3000through\u3000this\u3000reason\u3000it\u3000is\u3000renowned\u3000as\u3000the\u3000’king\u3000of\u3000reasons’\u3000or\u3000the\u3000king\u3000of\u3000correct\u3000signs\uff1b\u3000when\u3000set\u3000in\u3000a\u3000syllogism\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000as\u3000our\u3000text\u3000here\u3000principally\u3000deals\u3000with\u3000the\u3000reasoning\u3000of\u3000dependent\u3000arising\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000will\u3000follow\u3000this\u3000line\u3000reasoning\u3000\uff08if\u3000we\u3000can\u3000go\u3000through\u3000the\u3000fourfold\u3000analysis\uff1b\u3000so\u3000much\u3000the\u3000better\uff09\uff1b\u3000but\u3000if\u3000we\u3000just\u3000stick\u3000with\u3000the\u3000text\u3000then\u3000what\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000through\u3000is\u3000the\u3000reasoning\u3000of\u3000dependent\u3000origination\u3000or\u3000dependent\u3000arising\uff1b\u3000so\u3000let\u3000us\u3000then\u3000stick\u3000with\u3000that\u3002\u3000It\u3000is\u3000always\u3000better\u3000to\u3000use\u3000one\u3000line\u3000of\u3000reasoning\u3000because\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000one\u3000line\u3000of\u3000reasoning\u3000one\u3000can\u3000e\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000the\u3000thesis\uff1b\u3000then\u3000as\u3000one\u3000has\u3000understood\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000that\u3000thesis\u3000then\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000need\u3000to\u3000then\u3000e \n
\n \n
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\n
\n h\u3000of\u3000the\u3000thesis\uff1b\u3000then\u3000as\u3000one\u3000has\u3000understood\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000that\u3000thesis\u3000then\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000need\u3000to\u3000then\u3000entertain\u3000another\u3000reasoning\u3000to\u3000again\u3000prove\u3000that\u3000same\u3000thesis\u3000because\u3000one\u3000has\u3000already\u3000proved\u3000that\u3000to\u3000oneself\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000in\u3000order\u3000to\u3000set\u3000the\u3000syllogism\u3000then\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000lay\u3000it\u3000out\u3000using\u3000as\u3000the\u3000subject\u3000a\u3000sprout\u3000\uff08we\u3000can\u3000actually\u3000use\u3000any\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000subject\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\u3000a\u3000human\u3000being\u3000or\u3000whatever\u3000but\u3000let\u3000us\u3000just\u3000use\u3000the\u3000example\u3000which\u3000is\u3000given\u3000in\u3000the\u3000text\uff1b\u3000then\u3000the\u3000subject\u3000a\u3000sprout\uff09\u3002\u3000So\u3000it\u2019s\u3000very\u3000important\u3000that\u3000we\u3000understand\u3000that\u3000in\u3000order\u3000to\u3000set\u3000a\u3000thesis\uff1b\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000have\u3000a\u3000subject\u3000\u2026\u3000a\u3000basis\u3000upon\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000discuss\u3000a\u3000natural\u3000or\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000because\u3000if\u3000we\u3000are\u3000just\u3000talking\u3000about\u3000having\u3000or\u3000lack\u3000of\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000have\u3000something\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000look\u3000at\uff1b\u3000something\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000focus\u3000upon\u3000when\u3000we\u3000start\u3000to\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000this\u3000reasoning\u3002\u3000If\u3000we\u3000don\u2019t\u3000have\u3000a\u3000basis\u3000of\u3000a\u3000discussion\u3000or\u3000argument\uff1b\u3000our\u3000argument\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000spiral\u3000out\u3000of\u3000control\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000here\u3000then\u3000we\u3000will\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000subject\u3000\uff08in\u3000this\u3000case\u3000a\u3000sprout\uff09\u3000and\u3000the\u3000thesis\u3000which\u3000is\u3000to\u3000be\u3000proven\u3000about\u3000that\u3000is\u3000its\u3000lacking\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\u3000or\u3000lacking\u3000a\u3000natural\u3000inherent\u3000existence\u3002\u3000So\u3000that\u3000is\u3000what\u3000is\u3000to\u3000be\u3000proven\u3000then\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000reasoning\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000sign\uff1b\u3000which\u3000is\u3000going\u3000to\u3000be\u3000set\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000is\u3000that\u3000it\u3000is\u3000lacking\u3000that\u3000natural\u3000existence\u3000or\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\u3000because\u3000it\u3000is\u3000dependent\u3000arising\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000then\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000have\u3000a\u3000look\uff1b\u3000we\u3000have\u3000three\u3000things\uff1a\u3000We\u3000have\u3000the\u3000subject\u3000which\u3000is\u3000the\u3000sprout\uff1b\u3000that\u3000which\u3000is\u3000to\u3000be\u3000proven\u3000about\u3000it\u3000\uff08or\u3000the\u3000thesis\uff09\u3000\u2013\u3000that\u3000it\u3000is\u3000lacking\u3000natural\u3000or\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000the\u3000sign\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000reason\uff1b\u3000for\u3000that\u3000\u2013\u3000because\u3000it\u3000is\u3000a\u3000dependent\u3000arising\u3002\u3000So\u3000the\u3000sprout\u3000then\u3000is\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000dependent\u3000arising\u3000and\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000this\u3000in\u3000the\u3000simplest\u3000way\u3000then\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000something\u3000which\u3000es\u3000into\u3000existence\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000its\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\u3002\u3000So\u3000as\u3000it\u3000is\u3000a\u3000subject\u3000which\u3000has\u3000e\u3000into\u3000existence\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000a\u3000cause\uff1b\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000a\u3000condition\uff1b\u3000then\u3000it\u3000is\u3000not\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000existing\u3000naturally\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\uff1b\u3000because\u3000if\u3000it\u3000was\u3000existing\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\u3000it\u3000wouldn\u2019t\u3000rely\u3000on\u3000phenomena\u3000other\u3000than\u3000itself\u3000to\u3000e\u3000into\u3000existence\u3000because\u3000it\u3000would\u3000already\u3000be\u3000there\uff1b\u3000naturally\u3000or\u3000autonomously\u3000existing\uff1b\u3000it\u3000wouldn\u2019t\u3000have\u3000to\u3000rely\u3000upon\u3000the\u3000various\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\u3000which\u3000bring\u3000about\uff1b\u3000or\u3000bring\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000its\u3000existence\u3002\u3000Thus\u3000then\u3000the\u3000reasoning\u3000of\u3000dependent\u3000arising\u3000looked\u3000at\u3000in\u3000this\u3000way\u3000\u2026\u3000that\u3000the\u3000sprout\u3000arises\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000its\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\u3000\u2026\u3000therefore\u3000proves\u3000that\u3000the\u3000sprout\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\u3000is\u3000not\u3000existing\u3000in\u3000such\u3000an\u3000autonomous\u3000way\uff1b\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000has\u3000e\u3000about\u3000as\u3000a\u3000product\u3000of\u3000various\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\u3002
\n
\nThe\u3000Praise\u3000to\u3000Dependent\u3000Origination
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000this\u3000reasoning\u3000of\u3000dependent\u3000arising\u3000is\u3000further\u3000elaborated\u3000upon\u3000in\u3000the\u3000prayer\u3000by\u3000Lama\u3000Tsong\u3000Khapa\u3000called\u3000The\u3000Praise\u3000to\u3000Dependent\u3000Origination\u3000within\u3000which\u3000he\u3000says\u3000that\u3000anything\u3000that\u3000has\u3000arisen\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000a\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000a\u3000condition\u3000is\u3000something\u3000which\u3000lacks\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000and\u3000this\u3000understanding\u3000is\u3000one\u3000which\u3000is\u3000most\u3000beautiful\u3000and\u3000which\u3000needs\u3000no\u3000further\u3000elaboration\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000object\u3000of\u3000our\u3000analysis\uff1b\u3000if\u3000that\u3000object\u3000is\u3000one\u3000which\u3000is\u3000has\u3000arisen\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000objects\u3000which\u3000are\u3000other\u3000than\u3000it\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\uff1b\u3000then\u3000it\u3000cannot\u3000exist\u3000in\u3000an\u3000autonomous\uff1b\u3000self\u2026existing\u3000way\u3002\u3000This\u3000is\u3000because\u3000if\u3000it\u3000were\u3000existing\u3000in\u3000such\u3000a\u3000way\u3000it\u3000wouldn\u2019t\u3000need\u3000to\u3000rely\u3000upon\uff1b\u3000it\u3000wouldn\u2019t\u3000need\u3000to\u3000depend\u3000upon\uff1b\u3000its\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\u3000which\u3000brought\u3000it\u3000into\u3000being\u3002
\n
\nNow\u3000the\u3000source\u3000of\u3000Lama\u3000Tsong\u3000Khapa\u2019s\u3000words\u3000here\u3000are\u3000from\u3000the\u3000Rare\u3000Stalk\u3000sutra\uff1b\u3000within\u3000which\u3000it\u3000explains\u3000about\u3000how\u3000phenomena\u3000exist\u3000in\u3000a\u3000dependent\u3000way\uff1b\u3000and\u3000how\u3000viewing\u3000them\u3000in\u3000a\u3000way\u3000which\u3000is\u3000contrary\u3000to\u3000that\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000in\u3000an\u3000autonomous\u3000way\u3000is\u3000then\u3000a\u3000false\u3000or\u3000a\u3000wrong\u3000way\u3000of\u3000viewing\u3000phenomena\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000goes\u3000on\u3000to\u3000tell\u3000us\u3000that\u3000something\u3000which\u3000arises\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\u3000must\u3000exist\uff1b\u3000because\u3000if\u3000it\u3000were\u3000a\u3000non\u2026existent\uff1b\u3000we\u3000could\u3000not\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000it\u3000ing\u3000into\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000or\u3000we\u3000could\u3000not\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000it\u3000being\u3000generated\uff1b\u3000so\u3000this\u3000has\u3000to\u3000be\u3000something\u3000which\u3000exists\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000it\u3000is\u3000something\u3000that\u3000exists\uff1b\u3000how\u3000does\u3000it\u3000exist\uff1f\u3000So\u3000then\u3000it\u3000has\u3000e\u3000into\u3000existence\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000its\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\uff1b\u3000so\u3000therefore\u3000it\u3000has\u3000dependently\u3000arisen\u3002\u3000So\u3000it\u3000is\u3000an\u3000object\u3000which\u3000we\u3000can\u3000perceive\uff1b\u3000it\u3000has\u3000dependently\u3000arisen\u3002
\n
\nHowever\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000view\u3000this\u3000in\u3000a\u3000contrary\u3000way\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000in\u3000a\u3000way\u3000which\u3000doesn\u2019t\u3000accord\u3000with\u3000that\u3000reasoning\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000we\u3000view\u3000it\u3000as\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000autonomously\u3000existent\uff1b\u3000then\u3000the\u3000third\u3000line\u3000tells\u3000us\u3000then\uff1b\u3000this\u3000object\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000viewing\u3000cannot\u3000possibly\u3000exist\u3000in\u3000such\u3000an\u3000autonomous\u3000way\u3000because\u3000it\u3000lacks\u3000such\u3000natural\u3000existence\u3000for\u3000the\u3000very\u3000reason\u3000that\u3000it\u3000has\u3000depended\u3000upon\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\u3000to\u3000e\u3000into\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000and\u3000that\u3000is\u3000proved\u3000then\u3000through\u3000looking\u3000at\u3000the\u3000subject\u3000and\u3000seeing\u3000how\u3000it\u3000has\u3000arisen\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000its\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000it\u3000something\u3000that\u3000has\u3000depended\u3000upon\u3000others\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000something\u3000other\u3000than\u3000it\uff1b\u3000to\u3000e\u3000into\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000then\u3000it\u3000cannot\u3000naturally\u3000or\u3000autonomously\u3000exist\u3000from\u3000its\u3000own\u3000side\u3002\u3000So\u3000cognising\u3000this\u3000reality\u3000is\u3000said\u3000to\u3000be\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000or\u3000the\u3000awareness\u3000which\u3000destroys\u3000the\u3000father\u3000\u2026\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000cognition\u3000or\u3000the\u3000ignorance\u3000which\u3000understands\u3000phenomena\u3000in\u3000a\u3000wrong\u3000or\u3000in\u3000a\u3000false\u3000manner\u3000is\u3000like\u3000the\u3000father\u3000which\u3000gives\u3000rise\u3000to\u3000the\u3000children\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000one\u3000negates\u3000that\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000as\u3000if\u3000one\u3000has\u3000removed\u3000the\u3000source\u3000of\u3000all\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000dependent\u3000arising\u3000then\u3000\u2026\u3000when\u3000we\u3000think\u3000of\u3000an\u3000object\uff1b\u3000if\u3000this\u3000object\u3000exists\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\u3000which\u3000are\u3000other\u3000than\u3000it\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000it\u3000has\u3000arisen\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000those\u3000other\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\uff1b\u3000then\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000way\u3000that\u3000this\u3000object\u3000can\u3000exist\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\uff1b\u3000for\u3000the\u3000very\u3000reason\u3000existing\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\u3000implies\u3000not\u3000depending\u3000upon\u3000other\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000or\u3000other\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\u3000or\u3000whatever\uff1b\u3000to\u3000e\u3000into\u3000existence\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000something\u3000is\u3000lacking\u3000this\u3000inherent\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000something\u3000which\u3000has\u3000arisen\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000its\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\uff1b\u3000for\u3000no\u3000naturally\u3000existing\u3000or\u3000autonomous\u3000phenomena\u3000can\u3000e\u3000into\u3000existence\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000its\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\u3000because\u3000at\u3000the\u3000very\u3000time\u3000of\u3000those\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\uff1b\u3000this\u3000object\u3000must\u3000already\u3000exist\u3000in\u3000the\u3000way\u3000we\u3000are\u3000perceiving\u3000it\u3000to\u3000exist\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\u3000in\u3000the\u3000wrong\u3000way\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000understanding\u3000of\u3000emptiness\u3000then\u3000is\u3000mentioned\u3000by\u3000Aryadeva\u3000by\u3000saying\u3000that\u3000through\u3000understanding\u3000emptiness\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000any\u3000object\uff1b\u3000once\u3000we\u3000have\u3000understood\u3000that\u3000\u2013\u3000the\u3000empty\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3000\u2013\u3000at\u3000that\u3000moment\u3000we\u3000have\u3000uprooted\u3000the\u3000seed\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002\u3000The\u3000reason\u3000for\u3000this\u3000is\u3000given\u3000\u2013\u3000because\u3000the\u3000seed\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000is\u3000the\u3000confusion\u3000or\u3000the\u3000ignorance\u3000which\u3000grasps\u3000onto\u3000autonomous\u3000or\u3000true\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000so\u3000then\u3000through\u3000understanding\u3000the\u3000falseness\u3000or\u3000the\u3000wrongness\u3000of\u3000that\u3000nature\uff1b\u3000we\u3000have\u3000pletely\u3000cast\u3000out\u3000that\u3000wrong\u3000view\u3002\u3000Its\u3000analogy\u3000is\u3000of\u3000having\u3000plucked\u3000a\u3000seed\u3000from\u3000the\u3000earth\u3000\u2013\u3000nothing\u3000can\u3000thereafter\u3000grow\u3000from\u3000that\uff1b\u3000so\u3000in\u3000a\u3000similar\u3000fashion\uff1b\u3000no\u3000other\u3000confusion\u3000can\u3000e\u3000through\u3000this\u3000mistaken\u3000view\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000as\u3000is\u3000further\u3000mentioned\u3000by\u3000Aryadeva\u3000in\u3000the\u3000Four\u3000Hundred\u3000Verses\uff1b\u3000for\u3000a\u3000person\u3000who\u3000doesn\u2019t\u3000have\u3000much\u3000merit\u3000or\u3000positive\u3000potential\uff1b\u3000that\u3000individual\u3000is\u3000one\u3000for\u3000whom\u3000the\u3000mere\u3000speculation\u3000of\u3000emptiness\u3000is\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000very\u3000far\u3000away\u3000from\u3000their\u3000being\uff1b\u3000from\u3000their\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000in\u3000other\u3000words\u3000they\u3000are\u3000not\u3000really\u3000interested\u3000in\u3000this\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3002\u3000However\u3000for\u3000somebody\u3000who\u3000has\u3000a\u3000little\u3000more\u3000merit\uff1b\u3000let\u2019s\u3000say\u3000that\u3000they\u3000have\u3000a\u3000doubt\u3000towards\u3000the\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3000\u2026\u3000\u2018perhaps\u3000there\u3000is\u3000natural\u3000or\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000perhaps\u3000not\u2019\u3000\u2013\u3000let\u2019s\u3000say\u3000they\u3000have\u3000the\u3000doubt\u3000which\u3000is\u3000known\u3000as\u3000the\u3000doubt\u3000leaning\u3000towards\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000\uff08or\u3000leaning\u3000towards\u3000the\u3000true\u3000meaning\uff09\u3000that\u3000phenomena\u3000don\u2019t\u3000have\u3000any\u3000inherent\u3000existence\u3000\u2026\u3000for\u3000that\u3000person\u3000they\u3000acquire\u3000a\u3000tremendous\u3000amount\u3000of\u3000positive\u3000potential\uff1b\u3000just\u3000through\u3000that\u3000doubt\u3002\u3000As\u3000Aryadeva\u3000mentions\u3000in\u3000his\u3000book\uff1b\u3000just\u3000having\u3000that\u3000doubt\u3000is\u3000enough\u3000to\u3000tear\u3000the\u3000three\u3000worlds\u3000asunder\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000this\u3000reasoning\uff1b\u3000this\u3000doubt\uff1b\u3000which\u3000is\u3000tending\u3000towards\u3000the\u3000fact\uff1b\u3000is\u3000one\u3000which\u3000has\u3000the\u3000ability\u3000to\u3000not\u3000only\u3000remove\uff1b\u3000but\u3000to\u3000tear\u3000to\u3000shreds\uff1b\u3000any\u3000notion\u3000that\u3000the\u3000three\u3000worlds\u3000exist\u3000inherently\u3002\u3000Thus\u3000one\u3000is\u3000able\u3000to\u3000remove\u3000through\u3000this\u3000the\u3000seed\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000and\u3000through\u3000that\u3000then\u3000the\u3000whole\u3000of\u3000Samsara\u3000for\u3000that\u3000individual\u3000bees\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000withered\u3000and\u3000then\u3000finally\u3000non\u2026existent\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000continually\u3000familiarise\u3000ourselves\u3000using\u3000reasons\u3002\u3000Once\u3000we\u3000have\u3000established\u3000those\u3000reasons\u3000we\u3000can\u3000meditate\u3000upon\u3000the\u3000ultimate\u3000nature\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000lack\u3000of\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3000\u2026\u3000this\u3000then\u3000is\u3000something\u3000which\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000prove\u3000to\u3000ourselves\u3000using\u3000the\u3000various\u3000reasonings\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\uff1b\u3000when\u3000we\u3000start\u3000to\u3000contemplate\uff1b\u3000we\u3000need\u3000to\u3000have\u3000an\u3000understanding\u3000and\u3000then\u3000slowly\u3000get\u3000into\u3000the\u3000understanding\u3000of\u3000the\u3000nature\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000actual\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3002\u3000Then\u3000when\u3000we\u3000start\u3000to\u3000have\u3000queries\u3000about\u3000that\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can\u3000remove\u3000those\u3000using\u3000the\u3000various\u3000reasonings\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\uff1b\u3000if\u3000something\u3000has\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\u3000then\u3000it\u3000cannot\u3000be\u3000something\u3000which\u3000arises\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000something\u3000else\u3000because\u3000it\u2019s\u3000autonomously\u3000existing\u3002\u3000Another\u3000example\u3000we\u3000could\u3000use\u3000is\u3000that\u3000if\u3000it\u3000is\u3000a\u3000functioning\u3000thing\uff1b\u3000if\u3000it\u3000has\u3000natural\u3000or\u3000self\u2026existence\u3000then\u3000it\u3000is\u3000not\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000by\u3000a\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000an\u3000effect\u3000\u2026\u3000but\u3000yet\u3000it\u3000is\u3000something\u3000that\u3000is\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000by\u3000a\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000an\u3000effect\u3002\u3000So\u3000through\u3000using\u3000these\u3000j \n
\n \n
\n
\n
\n t\u3000\u2026\u3000but\u3000yet\u3000it\u3000is\u3000something\u3000that\u3000is\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000by\u3000a\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000an\u3000effect\u3002\u3000So\u3000through\u3000using\u3000these\u3000jarring\u3000reasonings\u3000we\u3000can\u3000bring\u3000ourselves\u3000\u2026\u3000we\u3000can\u3000continually\u3000familiarise\u3000ourselves\u3000with\u3000the\u3000actual\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3002\u3000For\u3000somebody\u3000then\u3000who\u3000has\u3000a\u3000doubt\u3000about\u3000the\u3000ultimate\u3000mode\u3000or\u3000the\u3000ultimate\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000for\u3000that\u3000person\u3000we\u3000can\u3000set\u3000the\u3000syllogism\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000that\u3000we\u3000can\u3000lead\u3000them\u3000into\u3000that\u3000correct\u3000understanding\u3002\u3000So\u3000if\u3000we\u3000have\u3000some\u3000doubt\u3000ourselves\uff1b\u3000then\u3000we\u3000can\u3000perhaps\u3000contemplate\u3000that\u3000the\u3000subject\u3000\u2013\u3000whatever\u3000you\u3000like\u3000\u2013\u3000is\u3000empty\u3000of\u3000any\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\u3000because\u3000it\u3000is\u3000a\u3000dependent\u3000arising\u3000or\u3000because\u3000it\u3000is\u3000lacking\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\u3000as\u3000singular\u3000or\u3000plural\uff1b\u3000and\u3000through\u3000these\u3000kinds\u3000of\u3000reasonings\u3000we\u3000can\u3000bring\u3000ourselves\u3000onto\u3000the\u3000path\u3000and\u3000using\u3000the\u3000former\u3000reasonings\uff1b\u3000continually\u3000familiarise\u3000ourselves\u3000with\u3000that\u3002
\n
\nGrasping\u3000onto\u3000inherent\u3000existence
\n
\nSo\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000how\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000grasps\u3000onto\u3000true\u3000existence\u3002\u3000We\u3000have\u3000already\u3000spoken\u3000about\u3000how\u3000phenomena\u3000lack\u3000any\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000natural\u3000or\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000so\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000have\u3000a\u3000look\u3000then\u3000at\u3000the\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000grasps\u3000onto\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000a\u3000mind\u3000which\u3000grasps\u3000onto\u3000inherent\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000trouble\u3000which\u3000is\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000through\u3000entertaining\u3000such\u3000a\u3000mind\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000this\u3000is\u3000clearly\u3000explained\u3000in\u3000Chandrakirti’s\u3000book\u3000where\u3000he\u3000says\u3000that\u3000initially\u3000what\u3000happens\u3000is\u3000we\u3000have\u3000a\u3000view\u3000of\u3000self\u3000or\u3000’I’\uff1b\u3000and\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000this\u3000we\u3000generate\u3000a\u3000feeling\u3000of\u3000possessiveness\u3000\u2026\u3000for\u3000example\u3000’my\u3000head’\uff1b\u3000’my\u3000arms’\uff1b\u3000’my\u3000possessions’\uff1b\u3000’my\u3000enjoyment’\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000Then\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000that\u3000view\u3000of\u3000possessiveness\uff1b\u3000when\u3000we\u3000engage\u3000with\u3000various\u3000objects\uff1b\u3000what\u3000we\u3000find\u3000is\u3000then\u3000mind\u3000grasping\u3000onto\u3000the\u3000true\u3000pleasure\u3000which\u3000we\u3000perceive\u3000to\u3000be\u3000existing\u3000from\u3000the\u3000side\u3000of\u3000the\u3000object\u3000give\u3000rise\u3000to\u3000attachment\u3000towards\u3000such\u3000seemingly\u3000true\u3000or\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000and\u3000quite\u3000the\u3000reverse\u3000on\u3000the\u3000other\u3000side\u3000\u2026\u3000for\u3000example\u3000when\u3000a\u3000seemingly\u3000antithesis\u3000for\u3000our\u3000pleasure\u3000es\u3000before\u3000us\uff1b\u3000our\u3000reaction\u3000towards\u3000that\u3000is\u3000of\u3000repulsion\uff1b\u3000we\u3000want\u3000to\u3000get\u3000rid\u3000of\u3000that\uff1b\u3000we\u3000are\u3000pletely\u3000averse\u3000to\u3000that\u3000object\u3002\u3000When\u3000we\u3000have\u3000those\u3000minds\u3000then\u3000of\u3000attachment\u3000and\u3000aversion\u3000we\u3000have\u3000generated\u3000the\u3000destructive\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000disturbed\uff1b\u3000emotions\u3000in\u3000our\u3000being\uff1b\u3000or\u3000in\u3000our\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000and\u3000once\u3000they\u3000have\u3000arisen\u3000and\u3000we\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000actions\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000those\uff1b\u3000we\u3000are\u3000developing\u3000negative\u3000karmic\u3000seeds\u3000within\u3000our\u3000mental\u3000continuum\uff1b\u3000or\u3000mind\u3002\u3000Having\u3000brought\u3000about\u3000those\u3000negative\u3000karmic\u3000seeds\uff1b\u3000having\u3000planted\u3000those\u3000negative\u3000karmic\u3000seeds\uff1b\u3000the\u3000result\u3000of\u3000those\u3000are\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000definitely\u3000going\u3000to\u3000be\u3000experienced\u3000by\u3000us\u3000in\u3000the\u3000future\u3002
\n
\nAs\u3000they\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000be\u3000experienced\u3000in\u3000the\u3000future\uff1b\u3000how\u3000are\u3000they\u3000going\u3000to\u3000be\u3000experienced\u3000then\uff1f\u3000They\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000be\u3000experienced\u3000as\u3000none\u3000other\u3000than\u3000existence\u3000within\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002\u3000So\u3000Chandrakirti’s\u3000book\u3000then\u3000tells\u3000us\u3000how\u3000initially\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000have\u3000a\u3000notion\u3000of\u3000an\u3000autonomously\u3000existing\u3000’I’\u3002\u3000That\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000we’ve\u3000spoken\u3000a\u3000lot\u3000about\u3000how\u3000phenomena\u3000lack\u3000such\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\u3000or\u3000true\uff1b\u3000from\u3000its\u3000own\u3000side\uff1b\u3000existence\u3000and\u3000how\u3000phenomena\u3000\uff08when\u3000we\u3000use\u3000the\u3000self\u3000as\u3000the\u3000object\u3000of\u3000our\u3000discussion\uff09\u3000exists\u3000merely\u3000as\u3000a\u3000nominal\u3000designation\u3000on\u3000the\u3000five\u3000aggregates\u3000\u2026\u3000so\u3000grasping\u3000onto\u3000it\u3000as\u3000something\u3000other\u3000than\u3000that\u3000is\u3000the\u3000first\u3000step\uff1b\u3000the\u3000second\u3000one\u3000is\u3000a\u3000sense\u3000of\u3000possessiveness\u3000on\u3000top\u3000of\u3000this\u3000’I’\uff1b\u3000then\u3000with\u3000this\u3000idea\u3000of\u3000true\u3000possessiveness\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000the\u3000object\u3000we\u3000encounter\uff1b\u3000a\u3000sense\u3000of\u3000true\u3000pleasure\u3000or\u3000true\u3000disfort\u3000arising\u3000from\u3000the\u3000side\u3000of\u3000those\u3000objects\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000our\u3000mind\u3000of\u3000attachment\u3000and\u3000then\u3000aversion\u3000directed\u3000towards\u3000those\u3000objects\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000that\uff1b\u3000the\u3000arising\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000of\u3000attachment\u3000and\u3000aversion\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000that\uff1b\u3000the\u3000generation\u3000of\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000that\uff1b\u3000the\u3000whole\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000Chandrakirti\u3000goes\u3000on\u3000to\u3000mention\u3000that\u3000seeing\u3000helpless\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000in\u3000such\u3000a\u3000way\u3000one\u3000should\u3000strive\u3000to\u3000generate\u3000passion\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000If\u3000we\u3000were\u3000to\u3000give\u3000a\u3000great\u3000or\u3000a\u3000long\u3000explanation\u3000of\u3000this\u3000process\u3000of\u3000the\u3000arising\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000we\u3000would\u3000give\u3000an\u3000explanation\u3000of\u3000the\u3000twelve\u3000links\u3000of\u3000dependent\u3000origination\uff1b\u3000but\u3000as\u3000we\u3000don’t\u3000have\u3000time\u3000for\u3000that\uff1b\u3000this\u3000is\u3000a\u3000very\u3000abbreviated\u3000way\u3000of\u3000how\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000first\u3000grasp\u3000onto\u3000an\u3000’I’\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000that\u3000the\u3000whole\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000es\u3000into\u3000being\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000phenomena\u3000for\u3000which\u3000dependent\u3000arising\u3000is\u3000not\u3000its\u3000actual\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000phenomena\u3000which\u3000does\u3000not\u3000arise\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000other\u3000factors\uff1b\u3000be\u3000it\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\u3000or\u3000nominal\u3000designations\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\uff1b\u3000Rinpoche\u3000was\u3000showing\u3000his\u3000glasses\u3000case\u3000and\u3000was\u3000saying\u3000’is\u3000this\u3000long\u3000or\u3000is\u3000it\u3000short\uff1f’\u3000If\u3000you\u3000hold\u3000it\u3000up\u3000to\u3000the\u3000microphone\u3000you\u3000can\u3000say\u3000it’s\u3000short\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000the\u3000length\u3000of\u3000the\u3000microphone\uff1b\u3000whereas\u3000if\u3000you\u3000pare\u3000it\u3000with\u3000Rinpoche’s\u3000finger\u3000then\uff1b\u3000it’s\u3000long\u3000in\u3000parison\u3000with\u3000Rinpoche’s\u3000finger\u3002\u3000So\u3000’short’\u3000and\u3000’long’\u3000\u2026\u3000’short’\u3000depends\u3000upon\u3000’long’\u3000and\u3000vice\u3000versa\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000object\u3000about\u3000which\u3000we\u3000can\u3000say\u3000’this\u3000is\u3000long\u3000and\u3000there\u3000is\u3000nothing\u3000which\u3000is\u3000longer\u3000than\u3000this\uff1b\u3000this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000perfect\u3000long’\uff1b\u3000or\u3000’this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000perfect\u3000short\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000nothing\u3000shorter\u3000than\u3000that\u3000particular\u3000object’\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\u3000with\u3000a\u3000table\uff1b\u3000can\u3000we\u3000say\u3000that\u3000the\u3000table\u3000in\u3000front\u3000of\u3000Rinpoche\u3000is\u3000high\u3000or\u3000is\u3000it\u3000short\uff1f\u3000In\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000the\u3000floor\u3000it’s\u3000something\u3000quite\u3000high\uff1b\u3000but\u3000pared\u3000with\u3000the\u3000shelves\u3000and\u3000the\u3000tables\u3000behind\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000shorter\u3002\u3000So\u3000we\u3000cannot\u3000say\u3000of\u3000an\u3000object\u3000that\u3000this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000perfect\u3000high\u3000or\u3000the\u3000perfect\u3000short\u3002
\n
\nImputation\u3000from\u3000the\u3000side\u3000of\u3000another
\n
\nThis\u3000reasoning\u3000can\u3000also\u3000be\u3000applied\u3000to\u3000all\u3000other\u3000individuals\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\uff1b\u3000we\u3000speak\u3000a\u3000lot\u3000about\u3000those\u3000whose\u3000are\u3000our\u3000friends\uff1b\u3000and\u3000those\u3000who\u3000are\u3000our\u3000enemies\uff1b\u3000but\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000naturally\u3000existing\u3000or\u3000autonomously\u3000existing\u3000’enemy’\u3002\u3000If\u3000we\u3000look\u3000in\u3000world\u3000history\uff1b\u3000we\u3000find\u3000two\u3000individuals\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\u3000Adolf\u3000Hitler\u3000and\u3000Mao\u3000Tse\u2026tung\uff1b\u3000so\u3000these\u3000two\u3000individuals\u3000\u2026\u3000the\u3000majority\u3000of\u3000the\u3000people\u3000in\u3000the\u3000world\u3000would\u3000class\u3000them\u3000as\u3000their\u3000enemy\uff1b\u3000as\u3000somebody\u3000evil\u3000and\u3000somebody\u3000to\u3000be\u3000hated\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\u3000if\u3000we\u3000concentrate\u3000on\u3000Mao\u3000Tse\u2026tung\u3000then\u3000\u2026\u3000the\u3000Tibetan\u3000and\u3000Chinese\u3000religious\u3000practitioners\u3000would\u3000then\u3000view\u3000him\u3000as\u3000the\u3000most\u3000evil\u3000man\u3000alive\uff1b\u3000he\u3000was\u3000their\u3000plete\u3000sworn\u3000enemy\u3000because\u3000it\u3000was\u3000he\u3000who\u3000was\u3000responsible\u3000for\u3000the\u3000destruction\u3000of\u3000all\u3000their\u3000religious\u3000practices\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000However\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000it\u3000from\u3000a\u3000different\u3000angle\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000it\u3000from\u3000the\u3000angle\u3000of\u3000those\u3000in\u3000China\u3000who\u3000support\u3000the\u3000munist\u3000party\uff1b\u3000or\u3000those\u3000for\u3000whom\u3000the\u3000munist\u3000party\u3000holds\u3000a\u3000great\u3000sway\uff1b\u3000then\u3000for\u3000them\uff1b\u3000Mao\u3000Tse\u2026tung\u3000is\u3000like\u3000their\u3000hero\uff1b\u3000somebody\u3000who\u3000is\u3000almost\u3000worshipped\u3000by\u3000them\u3002\u3000So\u3000we\u3000can\u3000say\u3000that\u3000’friend’\u3000and\u3000’enemy’\u3000are\u3000opposites\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000nothing\u3000which\u3000is\u3000both\u3000of\u3000them\u3002\u3000However\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000from\u3000different\u3000perspectives\u3000then\u3000we\u3000can\u3000see\u3000that\u3000one\u3000individual\u3000can\u3000exist\u3000at\u3000the\u3000same\u3000time\u3000as\u3000both\u3000somebody’s\u3000friend\u3000and\u3000somebody’s\u3000enemy\u3002\u3000So\u3000from\u3000one\u3000side\u3000then\uff1b\u3000the\u3000name\u3000’enemy’\u3000is\u3000applied\u3000and\u3000from\u3000another\u3000angle\u3000the\u3000name\u3000’friend’\u3000is\u3000applied\u3000to\u3000the\u3000same\u3000object\u3002\u3000This\u3000is\u3000another\u3000opening\u3000into\u3000the\u3000perception\u3000that\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000object\u3000which\u3000exists\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\uff1b\u3000rather\u3000it\u3000is\u3000just\u3000a\u3000mere\u3000imputation\u3000from\u3000the\u3000side\u3000of\u3000another\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000let\u3000us\u3000take\u3000the\u3000example\u3000of\u3000an\u3000individual\u3000called\u3000’John’\u3002\u3000So\u3000let’s\u3000say\u3000this\u3000character\u3000has\u3000a\u3000son\uff1b\u3000and\u3000has\u3000a\u3000brother\u3000and\u3000a\u3000wife\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000this\u3000person\u3000’John’\u3000from\u3000his\u3000father’s\u3000side\u3000is\u3000a\u3000son\uff1b\u3000and\u3000from\u3000his\u3000own\u3000child’s\u3000side\u3000is\u3000a\u3000father\uff1b\u3000from\u3000his\u3000wife’s\u3000relations’\u3000side\u3000he\u3000is\u3000an\u3000uncle\u3000and\u3000from\u3000his\u3000own\u3000relations’\u3000side\u3000he\u3000is\u3000a\u3000brother\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000if\u3000this\u3000individual\u3000’John’\u3000was\u3000one\u3000who\u3000existed\u3000as\u3000a\u3000son\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000himself\uff1b\u3000then\u3000even\u3000his\u3000own\u3000son\uff1b\u3000his\u3000own\u3000relatives\uff1b\u3000his\u3000wife’s\u3000relatives\u3000would\u3000all\u3000have\u3000to\u3000view\u3000him\u3000as\u3000such\u3000because\u3000he\u3000is\u3000naturally\u3000existing\uff1b\u3000or\u3000existing\u3000from\u3000his\u3000own\u3000side\uff1b\u3000as\u3000a\u3000son\u3002\u3000And\u3000the\u3000same\u3000looking\u3000at\u3000it\u3000from\u3000the\u3000child’s\u3000perspective\u3000\u2026\u3000seeing\u3000John\u3000as\u3000a\u3000father\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000he\u3000was\u3000naturally\u3000existing\u3000as\u3000a\u3000father\u3000then\u3000all\u3000those\u3000other\u3000beings\u3000\uff08his\u3000father\uff1b\u3000his\u3000uncles\uff1b\u3000his\u3000relations\uff09\u3000would\u3000all\u3000view\u3000him\u3000as\u3000’father’\uff1b\u3000so\u3000again\u3000this\u3000is\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000absurd\u3002\u3000So\u3000through\u3000looking\u3000at\u3000other\u3000people’s\u3000perspectives\u3000we\u3000can\u3000see\u3000how\u3000the\u3000labelling\u3000process\u3000provides\u3000us\u3000with\u3000a\u3000person\u3000existing\u3000in\u3000such\u3000a\u3000way\uff1b\u3000whether\u3000it\u3000be\u3000as\u3000a\u3000son\uff1b\u3000whether\u3000it\u3000be\u3000as\u3000a\u3000father\uff1b\u3000uncle\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002\u3000If\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000a\u3000woman\u3000\u2026\u3000for\u3000example\u3000the\u3000woman\u3000has\u3000a\u3000child\uff1b\u3000so\u3000from\u3000the\u3000child’s\u3000point\u3000of\u3000view\uff1b\u3000the\u3000woman\u3000is\u3000a\u3000mother\uff1b\u3000but\u3000from\u3000her\u3000mother’s\u3000own\u3000point\u3000of\u3000view\u3000she\u3000is\u3000a\u3000daughter\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000from\u3000her\u3000relatives’\u3000point\u3000of\u3000view\uff1b\u3000she\u3000is\u3000a\u3000sister\u3000or\u3000an\u3000auntie\u3002\u3000So\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000this\u3000woman\uff1b\u3000she\u3000is\u3000being\u3000seen\u3000in\u3000four\u3000pletely\u3000different\u3000ways\u3002\u3000If\u3000she\u3000were\u3000naturally\u3000or\u3000autonomously\u3000a\u3000mother\u3000then\u3000everyone\u3000should\u3000see\u3000her\u3000as\u3000such\uff1b\u3000if\u3000she\u3000were\u3000autonomously\u3000a\u3000daughter\uff1b\u3000again\u3000everyone\u3000should\u3000see\u3000her\u3000as\u3000such\u3002\u3000But\u3000that\u3000doesn’t\u3000occur\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000reason\u3000for\u3000that\u3000is\u3000because\u3000she\u3000doesn’t\u3000exist\u3000naturally\u3000or\u3000inherently\u3000as\u3000any\u3000of\u3000those\u3000things\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000from\u3000the\u3000perspective\u3000of\u3000the\u3000mother\uff1b\u3000the\u3000child\uff1b\u3000the\u3000relative\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3000she\u3000is\u3000merely\u3000designated\u3000as\u3000mother\uff1b\u3000auntie\uff1b\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002
\n
\nEstablishing\u3000a\u3000phenomenon\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000on\u3000its\u3000parts
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000we\u3000can\u3000look\u3000at\u3000a\u3000quotation\u3000from\u3000the\u3000sutra\u3000which\u3000says\u3000that\u3000just\u3000as\u3000a\u3000chariot\u3000es\u3000into\u3000existence\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000its\u3000parts\u3000and\u3000the\u3000labelling\u3000process\uff1b\u3000in\u3000such\u3000a\u3000way\u3000a\u3000human\u3000being\u3000is\u3000also\u3000known\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000when\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000’a\u3000chariot’\u3000we\u3000might\u3000have\u3000some\u3000idea\u3000of\u3000what\u3000a\u3000chariot\u3000is\uff1b\u3000but\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000remember\u3000that\u3000this\u3000was\u3000some\u3000years\u3000ago\u3000when\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3000gave\u3000this\u3000sutra\uff1b\u3000so\u3000nowadays\u3000a\u3000modern\u3000interpretation\u3000might\u3000be\u3000’a\u3000car’\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000take\u3000’car’\u3000as\u3000the\u3000starting\u3000point\u3000then\uff1a\u3000A\u3000c \n
\n \n
\n
\n
\n s\u3000a\u3000modern\u3000interpretation\u3000might\u3000be\u3000’a\u3000car’\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000if\u3000we\u3000take\u3000’car’\u3000as\u3000the\u3000starting\u3000point\u3000then\uff1a\u3000A\u3000car\u3000is\u3000made\u3000up\u3000of\u3000all\u3000its\u3000ponents\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000separate\u3000out\u3000its\u3000ponents\uff1b\u3000we\u3000don’t\u3000find\u3000something\u3000that\u3000we\u3000can\u3000point\u3000to\u3000as\u3000’car’\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\u3000if\u3000we\u3000were\u3000to\u3000point\u3000to\u3000the\u3000wheel\u3000and\u3000say\u3000’this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000car’\uff1b\u3000or\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000exhaust\u3000and\u3000say\u3000’this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000car’\u3000\u2026\u3000this\u3000is\u3000something\u3000absurd\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000when\u3000we\u3000put\u3000all\u3000the\u3000parts\u3000of\u3000the\u3000car\u3000together\uff1b\u3000we\u3000designate\u3000the\u3000name\u3000’car’\u3000upon\u3000the\u3000certain\u3000formation\u3000of\u3000those\u3000parts\u3000and\u3000then\u3000that\u3000serves\u3000as\u3000the\u3000basis\u3000of\u3000designation\u3000of\u3000the\u3000label\u3000’car’\u3002
\n
\n\u2026five\u3000aggregates\u3000are\u3000not\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000themselves\u3000the\u3000self\uff1b\u3000we\u3000have\u3000to\u3000clarify\u3000this\u3002\u3000If\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000the\u3000five\u3000aggregates\u3000\u2026\u3000is\u3000the\u3000self\u3000the\u3000form\u3000aggregate\uff1f\u3000or\u3000the\u3000feeling\u3000aggregate\uff1f\u3000\u2026\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3000and\u3000right\u3000down\u3000to\u3000the\u3000point\u3000of\u3000having\u3000the\u3000aggregate\u3000of\u3000consciousness\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000then\u3000the\u3000biggest\u3000doubt\u3000es\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000this\u3000aggregate\u3000of\u3000consciousness\u3000because\u3000the\u3000Svatantrika\u3000Madhyamika\u3000then\u3000say\u3000that\u3000this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000self\uff1b\u3000this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000autonomously\u3000existing\u3000self\u3002\u3000But\u3000the\u3000simple\u3000negation\u3000of\u3000that\u3000is\u3000that\u3000we\u3000don’t\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000possessing\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000the\u3000’I’\u3000in\u3000the\u3000way\u3000which\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000possessing\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000a\u3000consciousness\u3002\u3000For\u3000example\u3000we\u3000can\u3000easily\u3000say\u3000’my\u3000consciousness’\u3000or\u3000’my\u3000mind’\u3000but\u3000we\u3000don’t\u3000say\u3000’my\u3000I’\uff1b\u3000do\u3000we\uff1f\u3000So\u3000how\u3000can\u3000the\u3000thing\u3000which\u3000is\u3000the\u3000’I’\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000consciousness\uff1b\u3000be\u3000possessed\u3000by\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000other\u3000than\u3000it\uff1f\u3000So\u3000that\u3000is\u3000what\u3000Rinpoche\u3000was\u3000saying\u3000\u2026\u3000can\u3000you\u3000say\u3000’my\u3000I’\u3000or\u3000’my\u3000self’\uff1b\u3000not\u3000as\u3000in\u3000’me\uff1b\u3000myself’\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000as\u3000in\u3000my\u3000\u2026\u3000other\u3000than\u3000my\u3000\u2026\u3000like\u3000a\u3000glass\u3000\u2026\u3000’my\u3000glass’\uff1b\u3000’my\u3000self’\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000thing\u3002\u3000So\u3000is\u3000it\u3000possible\u3000to\u3000say\u3000that\uff1f\u3000\u2026\u3000and\u3000obviously\u3000that\u3000is\u3000not\u3000the\u3000case\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000antithesis\u3000then\u3000is\u3000that\u3000we\u3000can\u3000say\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000consciousness\uff1b\u3000’my\u3000mind’\u3000or\u3000’my\u3000consciousness’\uff1b\u3000so\u3000that\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000negates\u3000the\u3000fact\u3000that\u3000the\u3000consciousness\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\u3000is\u3000the\u3000possessor\uff1b\u3000or\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000’I’\u3002
\n
\nWith\u3000regard\u3000objects\u3000then\u3000we’ve\u3000looked\u3000at\u3000a\u3000car\uff1b\u3000but\u3000let’s\u3000look\u3000at\u3000something\u3000which\u3000is\u3000more\u3000accessible\u3000to\u3000us\u3000at\u3000the\u3000present\u3000moment\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000this\u3000building\u3000and\u3000in\u3000particular\u3000this\u3000hall\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000now\u3000gathered\u3000in\uff1a\u3000This\u3000hall\u3000exists\uff1b\u3000we\u3000are\u3000enjoying\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000teaching\u3000within\u3000this\u3000hall\uff1b\u3000but\u3000if\u3000we\u3000were\u3000to\u3000say\u3000’Where\u3000is\u3000the\u3000hall\uff1f’\u3000\u2026\u3000can\u3000we\u3000say\u3000that\u3000it\u3000is\u3000in\u3000the\u3000northern\u3000wall\uff1b\u3000the\u3000eastern\u3000wall\uff1b\u3000the\u3000southern\u3000wall\uff1b\u3000the\u3000western\u3000wall\uff1f\u3000If\u3000it\u3000was\uff1b\u3000let’s\u3000say\uff1b\u3000in\u3000the\u3000eastern\u3000wall\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000we\u3000then\u3000look\u3000towards\u3000that\u3000wall\uff1b\u3000we\u3000could\u3000say\u3000’this\u3000is\u3000the\u3000hall’\u3000and\u3000there\u3000would\u3000be\u3000something\u3000there\u3000which\u3000everybody\u3000would\u3000perceive\u3000as\u3000’the\u3000hall’\u3002\u3000But\u3000if\u3000we\u3000investigate\u3000then\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000at\u3000that\u3000wall\uff1b\u3000we\u3000find\u3000it\u3000is\u3000a\u3000posite\u3000of\u3000bricks\u3000and\u3000cement\u3000and\u3000wood\u3000and\u3000glass\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000nothing\u3000there\u3000screaming\u3000out\u3000’hall’\u3000from\u3000its\u3000own\u3000side\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000through\u3000these\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000reasonings\u3000we\u3000can\u3000e\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000that\u3000the\u3000way\u3000phenomena\u3000exist\u3000is\u3000just\u3000as\u3000a\u3000mere\u3000verbal\u3000designation\uff1b\u3000or\u3000as\u3000a\u3000concept\uff1b\u3000a\u3000name\u3000which\u3000is\u3000applied\u3000by\u3000a\u3000conceptual\u3000mind\u3000or\u3000a\u3000thought\u3002\u3000So\u3000it\u3000is\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000these\u3000reasonings\u3000that\u3000we\u3000can\u3000start\u3000to\u3000pass\u3000through\u3000the\u3000gateway\u3000into\u3000the\u3000correct\u3000understanding\u3000of\u3000emptiness\u3000or\u3000the\u3000correct\u3000understanding\u3000of\u3000the\u3000ultimate\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3002\u3000But\u3000you\u3000have\u3000to\u3000understand\u3000that\u3000this\u3000is\u3000just\u3000the\u3000beginning\u3000\u2026\u3000we\u3000are\u3000just\u3000introducing\u3000those\u3000initial\u3000reasonings\uff1b\u3000those\u3000initial\u3000contemplations\u3000as\u3000a\u3000means\u3000to\u3000inspire\u3000you\u3000to\u3000e\u3000to\u3000terms\u3000with\uff1b\u3000or\u3000try\u3000to\u3000understand\uff1b\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000’the\u3000object\u3000of\u3000negation’\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000that\u3000to\u3000try\u3000to\u3000get\u3000into\u3000the\u3000understanding\u3000of\u3000the\u3000way\u3000that\u3000phenomena\u3000actually\u3000exist\u3002\u3000Because\u3000if\u3000we\u3000were\u3000just\u3000to\u3000say\u3000\u2026\u3000’Well\uff1b\u3000we\u3000can’t\u3000find\u3000a\u3000hall\u3000in\u3000this\u3000place\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000a\u3000hall\u3000but\u3000we\u3000can’t\u3000find\u3000it\u3000\u2026\u3000I’ve\u3000realised\u3000emptiness\uff01’\u3000\u2026\u3000then\u3000that\u3000would\u3000be\u3000something\u3000that\u3000is\u3000quite\u3000absurd\u3000because\u3000the\u3000realisation\u3000of\u3000emptiness\u3000is\u3000something\u3000extremely\u3000difficult\u3002\u3000A\u3000reason\u3000for\u3000that\u3000is\u3000that\u3000past\u3000masters\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\u3000Dignaga\uff1b\u3000have\u3000set\u3000forth\u3000their\u3000various\u3000tenets\uff1b\u3000so\u3000we\u3000have\u3000the\u3000four\u3000tenets\u3000school\u3000system\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000so\u3000these\u3000are\u3000not\u3000idiots\uff1b\u3000these\u3000are\u3000individuals\u3000who\u3000knew\u3000what\u3000they\u3000were\u3000talking\u3000about\u3002\u3000So\u3000this\u3000is\u3000just\u3000an\u3000introduction\u3000to\u3000the\u3000lines\u3000of\u3000reasoning\u3000which\u3000will\u3000eventually\uff1b\u3000if\u3000one\u3000pursues\u3000them\uff1b\u3000lead\u3000one\u3000to\u3000a\u3000correct\u3000understanding\u3002\u3000It’s\u3000not\u3000as\u3000if\u3000I’ve\u3000said\u3000’this\u3000is\u3000emptiness\u3000and\u3000you’ve\u3000got\u3000to\u3000see\u3000this’\uff1b\u3000and\u3000now\u3000you’ve\u3000got\u3000it\u3000because\u3000I’ve\u3000just\u3000told\u3000you\u3000this\u3000and\u3000you\u3000have\u3000accepted\u3000this\u3002
\n
\nThe\u3000union\u3000of\u3000the\u3000two\u3000realisations\u3000of\u3000dependent\u3000arising\u3000and\u3000emptiness
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000returning\u3000to\u3000the\u3000root\u3000text\uff1b\u3000it\u3000reads\uff1a
\n
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000One\u3000who\u3000sees\u3000the\u3000infallible\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000effect
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000of\u3000all\u3000phenomena\u3000in\u3000Samsara\u3000and\u3000nirvana
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000and\u3000destroys\u3000all\u3000false\u3000perceptions
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000has\u3000entered\u3000the\u3000path\u3000that\u3000pleases\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3002\u3000
\n
\nSo\u3000here\u3000then\u3000when\u3000we\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000’seeing\u3000the\u3000infallible\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000effect\u3000of\u3000all\u3000phenomena\u3000within\u3000Samsara\u3000and\u3000nirvana’\u3000\u2026\u3000’samsara’\u3000then\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000within\u3000which\u3000one\u3000is\u3000bound\u3000by\u3000the\u3000fetters\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000and\u3000the\u3000actions\uff1b\u3000or\u3000karma\uff1b\u3000which\u3000is\u3000generated\u3000thereby\uff1b\u3000’nirvana’\u3000here\u3000then\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000an\u3000individual\u3000who\u3000has\u3000destroyed\u3000the\u3000enemy\u3000of\u3000the\u3000gross\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000but\u3000not\u3000perhaps\u3000the\u3000subtle\u3000imprints\uff1b\u3000and\u3000has\u3000achieved\u3000the\u3000lesser\u3000nirvana\u3000\u2026\u3000we\u3000could\u3000also\u3000include\u3000within\u3000that\u3000category\u3000the\u3000various\u3000pure\u3000lands\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3000\u2026\u3000so\u3000all\u3000of\u3000these\u3000experiences\uff1b\u3000all\u3000these\u3000places\uff1b\u3000e\u3000about\u3000through\u3000the\u3000infallible\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000effect\u3002\u3000’Cause\u3000and\u3000effect’\u3000here\u3000then\u3000\u2026\u3000when\u3000all\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000are\u3000gathered\u3000for\u3000a\u3000result\u3000it\u3000is\u3000very\u3000difficult\u3000to\u3000stop\u3000that\u3000result\u3000ing\u3002\u3000So\u3000it\u3000is\u3000also\u3000possible\u3000to\u3000remove\u3000negative\u3000causes\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000negative\u3000karmas\uff1b\u3000through\u3000the\u3000various\u3000practices\u3000which\u3000are\u3000set\u3000forth\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000that\u3000avert\u3000such\u3000a\u3000drastic\u3000event\uff1b\u3000but\u3000when\u3000all\u3000the\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\u3000are\u3000in\u3000place\uff1b\u3000then\u3000it\u3000is\u3000very\u3000difficult\u3000to\u3000avert\u3000such\u3000an\u3000effect\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000if\u3000one\u3000engages\u3000or\u3000encourages\u3000the\u3000play\u3000of\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000cause\u3000of\u3000Samsara\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000origin\uff1b\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000the\u3000cause\u3000of\u3000Samsara\uff1b\u3000it\u3000is\u3000very\u3000difficult\u3000to\u3000bring\u3000about\u3000an\u3000end\u3000to\u3000the\u3000cycle\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002\u3000And\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000then\u3000to\u3000achieving\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000final\u3000cessation\u3000\u2026\u3000if\u3000one\u3000is\u3000an\u3000individual\u3000who\u3000is\u3000fully\u3000qualified\u3000in\u3000meditating\u3000upon\u3000the\u3000ultimate\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000empty\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000that\u3000generates\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000the\u3000path\uff1b\u3000then\u3000it\u3000will\u3000be\u3000very\u3000difficult\u3000to\u3000stop\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000that\u3000\u2026\u3000which\u3000is\u3000the\u3000truth\u3000of\u3000cessation\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000understanding\u3000the\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000the\u3000true\u3000nature\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3000destroys\u3000all\u3000false\u3000perceptions\u3002\u3000So\u3000here\u3000’false\u3000perceptions’\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000grasping\u3000at\u3000objects\u3000as\u3000existing\u3000as\u3000something\u3000which\u3000they\u3000aren’t\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000removing\u3000that\uff1b\u3000generating\u3000the\u3000wisdom\u3000which\u3000cognises\u3000that\u3000as\u3000something\u3000other\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000as\u3000naturally\u3000empty\u3000of\u3000that\u3000false\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000existence\u3002\u3000Then\u3000that\u3000individual\u3000is\u3000one\u3000who\u3000is\u3000said\u3000to\u3000have\u3000entered\u3000the\u3000path\u3000that\u3000pleases\u3000the\u3000Enlightened\u3000One\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3002
\n
\nThe\u3000next\u3000stanza\u3000reads\uff1a
\n
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Appearances\u3000are\u3000infallible\u3000dependent\u3000origination\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000voidness\u3000is\u3000free\u3000of\u3000assertions\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000As\u3000long\u3000as\u3000these\u3000two\u3000understandings\u3000are\u3000seen\u3000as\u3000separate\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000one\u3000has\u3000not\u3000yet\u3000realised\u3000the\u3000intent\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Buddha\u3002\u3000
\n
\nSo\u3000here\u3000then\u3000there\u3000are\u3000two\u3000understandings\u3000\u2026\u3000first\u3000of\u3000all\u3000that\u3000appearances\u3000\uff08whatever\u3000appears\u3000to\u3000our\u3000five\u3000senses\uff09\u3000are\u3000dependently\u3000originated\uff1b\u3000they\u3000have\u3000arisen\u3000in\u3000dependence\u3000upon\u3000something\u3000other\u3000than\u3000them\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000the\u3000voidness\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000empty\u3000nature\uff1b\u3000of\u3000that\u3000object\u3002\u3000If\u3000they\u3000are\u3000seen\u3000as\u3000something\u3000lacking\u3000a\u3000single\u3000entity\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000lacking\u3000a\u3000single\u3000unity\uff1b\u3000then\u3000one\u3000is\u3000perceiving\u3000them\u3000in\u3000a\u3000wrong\u3000fashion\uff1b\u3000because\u3000these\u3000two\u3000\uff08what\u3000is\u3000written\u3000here\u3000as\uff09\u3000two\u3000ways\u3000of\u3000existing\u3000of\u3000phenomena\u3000are\u3000in\u3000actuality\u3000one\u3000entity\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000seeing\u3000them\u3000as\u3000other\u3000that\u3000is\u3000not\u3000the\u3000intent\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Buddha\uff1b\u3000so\u3000whilst\u3000one\u3000is\u3000seeing\u3000them\u3000in\u3000such\u3000a\u3000way\u3000one\u3000has\u3000not\uff1b\u3000as\u3000the\u3000text\u3000says\uff1b\u3000realised\u3000the\u3000intent\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Enlightened\u3000One\u3002
\n
\nThe\u3000next\u3000stanza\u3000reads\uff1a
\n
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000When\u3000these\u3000two\u3000realisations\u3000are\u3000simultaneous\u3000and\u3000concurrent\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000from\u3000a\u3000mere\u3000sight\u3000of\u3000infallible\u3000dependent\u3000origination
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000es\u3000certain\u3000knowledge\u3000that\u3000pletely\u3000destroys\u3000all\u3000modes\u3000of\u3000mental\u3000grasping\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000At\u3000that\u3000time\uff1b\u3000the\u3000analysis\u3000of\u3000the\u3000profound\u3000view\u3000is\u3000plete\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000here\u3000then\u3000when\u3000one\u3000has\u3000these\u3000two\u3000realisations\u3000of\u3000dependent\u3000arising\u3000and\u3000emptiness\u3000arising\u3000simultaneously\u3000within\u3000one’s\u3000mind\u3000\u2026\u3000from\u3000just\u3000seeing\u3000the\u3000sight\uff1b\u3000as\u3000it\u3000is\u3000said\u3000here\uff1b\u3000of\u3000infallible\u3000dependent\u3000arising\u3000\u2026\u3000through\u3000cognising\u3000the\u3000emptiness\u3000at\u3000the\u3000same\u3000time\u3000as\u3000that\u3000es\u3000the\u3000’certain\u3000knowledge’\u3000\u2026\u3000’certain’\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000actual\u3000mode\u3000of\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000that\u3000understanding\u3000of\u3000the\u3000correct\u3000or\u3000the\u3000true\u3000way\u3000or\u3000natural\u3000way\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000es\u3000the\u3000negation\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000removal\uff1b\u3000of\u3000the\u3000grasping\u3000onto\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000this\u3000negation\uff1b\u3000one\u3000arrives\u3000at\u3000the\u3000state\u3000where\u3000the\u3000basis\u3000for\u3000the\u3000destructive\u3000emotions\u3000has\u3000been\u3000destroyed\uff1b\u3000so\u3000as\u3000the\u3000text\u3000says\u3000’\u3000es\u3000certain\u3000knowledge\u3000that\u3000pletely\u3000destroys\u3000all\u3000modes\u3000of\u3000mental\u3000grasping’\u3002\u3000So\u3000at\u3000that\u3000time\u3000then\uff1b\u3000one’s\u3000analysis\u3000of\u3000the\u3000profound\u3000view\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000the\u3000view\u3000of\u3000emptiness\uff1b\u3000is\u3000plete\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000the\u3000next\u3000stanza\u3000reads\uff1a
\n
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Appearances\u3000clear\u3000away\u3000the\u3000extreme\u3000of\u3000existence\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000voidness\u3000clears\u3000away\u3000the\u3000extreme\u3000of\u3000non\u2026existence\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000When\u3000you\u3000understand\u3000the\u3000arising\u3000of\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000effect\u3000from\u3000the\u3000viewpoint\u3000of\u3000voidness\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000you\u3000are\u3000not\u3000captivated\u3000by\u3000either\u3000extreme\u3000view\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000here\u3000then\u3000it’s\u3000a\u3000rather\u3000unique\u3000presentation\u3000because\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000below\u3000the\u3000Prasangika\u3000Madhyamika\u3000philosophical\u3000school\u3000we\u3000find\u3000that\u3000the\u3000majority\u3000of\u3000the\u3000other\u3000schools\u3000us \n
\n \n
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\n
\n
\nSo\u3000here\u3000then\u3000it’s\u3000a\u3000rather\u3000unique\u3000presentation\u3000because\u3000if\u3000we\u3000look\u3000below\u3000the\u3000Prasangika\u3000Madhyamika\u3000philosophical\u3000school\u3000we\u3000find\u3000that\u3000the\u3000majority\u3000of\u3000the\u3000other\u3000schools\u3000use\u3000appearances\u3000to\u3000prove\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000but\u3000here\u3000we\u3000are\u3000clearing\u3000away\u3000that\u3000very\u3000notion\u3000of\u3000existence\u3000by\u3000appearance\u3002\u3000The\u3000reasoning\u3000set\u3000forth\u3000here\u3000is\u3000that\u3000if\u3000something\u3000appears\u3000to\u3000our\u3000senses\uff1b\u3000or\u3000to\u3000our\u3000consciousness\uff1b\u3000at\u3000the\u3000moment\u3000that\u3000appears\uff1b\u3000we\u3000understand\u3000that\u3000object\u3000in\u3000a\u3000causal\u3000way\uff1b\u3000that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\uff1b\u3000it\u3000appears\u3000as\u3000an\u3000object\u3000because\u3000there\u3000is\u3000an\u3000object\u3000possessor\uff1b\u3000it\u3000appears\u3000in\u3000a\u3000certain\u3000way\u3000because\u3000of\u3000certain\u3000causes\u3000and\u3000conditions\u3002\u3000So\u3000we\u3000are\u3000seeing\u3000that\u3000object\u3000as\u3000an\u3000object\u3000which\u3000is\u3000lacking\u3000any\u3000kind\u3000of\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\u3002\u3000Thus\u3000just\u3000through\u3000the\u3000object\u3000appearing\u3000to\u3000our\u3000mind\uff1b\u3000any\u3000notion\u3000of\u3000the\u3000object\u3000existing\u3000in\u3000and\u3000of\u3000itself\u3000bees\uff1b\u3000as\u3000the\u3000text\u3000reads\uff1b\u3000cleared\u3000away\uff1b\u3000or\u3000removed\u3002
\n
\nThen\u3000’voidness\u3000clears\u3000away\u3000the\u3000extreme\u3000of\u3000non\u2026existence’\u3000\u2026\u3000so\u3000here\u3000then\u3000’voidness\u3000clearing\u3000away\u3000the\u3000extreme\u3000of\u3000non\u2026existence’\u3000\u2026\u3000what\u3000is\u3000meant\u3000by\u3000that\u3000is\u3000in\u3000order\u3000for\u3000us\u3000to\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000the\u3000emptiness\u3000of\u3000something\uff1b\u3000that\u3000’something’\u3000has\u3000to\u3000exist\u3000as\u3000the\u3000basis\u3000of\u3000our\u3000discussion\uff1b\u3000or\u3000analysis\u3002\u3000So\u3000for\u3000example\uff1b\u3000if\u3000we\u3000use\u3000the\u3000example\u3000of\u3000a\u3000sprout\u3000\u2026\u3000and\u3000a\u3000sprout\u3000being\u3000empty\u3000of\u3000inherent\u3000existence\u3000\u2026\u3000the\u3000basis\u3000upon\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000going\u3000to\u3000prove\uff1b\u3000or\u3000set\u3000forth\uff1b\u3000emptiness\u3000is\u3000the\u3000sprout\uff1b\u3000and\u3000it\u3000is\u3000negating\u3000a\u3000false\u3000perception\u3000of\u3000that\u3000sprout\uff1b\u3000and\u3000through\u3000that\uff1b\u3000we\u3000negate\u3000that\u3000false\u3000perception\u3002\u3000We\u3000cannot\u3000talk\u3000about\u3000the\u3000emptiness\u3000of\u3000a\u3000non\u2026existent\u3000phenomena\uff1b\u3000for\u3000example\u3000saying\u3000the\u3000emptiness\u3000of\u3000the\u3000horn\u3000of\u3000a\u3000rabbit\uff1b\u3000or\u3000the\u3000emptiness\u3000of\u3000the\u3000child\u3000of\u3000a\u3000barren\u3000woman\uff1b\u3000because\u3000for\u3000that\u3000we\u3000don’t\u3000have\u3000any\u3000basis\u3000on\u3000which\u3000to\u3000prove\u3000emptiness\u3002\u3000If\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000basis\u3000upon\u3000which\u3000to\u3000prove\u3000the\u3000lack\u3000of\u3000or\u3000the\u3000emptiness\u3000of\u3000a\u3000false\u3000perception\u3000then\u3000we\u3000cannot\u3000possibly\u3000prove\u3000that\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000the\u3000text\u3000reads\u3000’when\u3000you\u3000understand\u3000the\u3000arising\u3000of\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000effect\u3000from\u3000the\u3000viewpoint\u3000of\u3000voidness’\u3000\uff08that\u3000is\u3000to\u3000say\u3000when\u3000you\u3000understand\u3000these\u3000two\u3000simultaneously\uff09\u3000’you\u3000are\u3000not\u3000captivated\u3000by\u3000either\u3000view\u3002’\u3000’Either\u3000view’\u3000here\u3000then\u3000referring\u3000to\u3000the\u3000extremes\u3000of\u3000permanence\uff1b\u3000or\u3000annihilation\u3000\u2026\u3000’permanence’\u3000referring\u3000to\u3000the\u3000ignorance\u3000or\u3000confusion\u3000which\u3000grasps\u3000at\u3000true\u3000or\u3000autonomous\u3000existence\uff1b\u3000or\u3000in\u3000simpler\u3000terms\u3000grasps\u3000on\u3000to\u3000the\u3000object\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000trying\u3000to\u3000negate\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000the\u3000extreme\u3000of\u3000’annihilation’\u3000\u2026\u3000which\u3000has\u3000cut\u3000away\u3000too\u3000much\uff1b\u3000too\u3000much\u3000so\u3000that\u3000there\u3000is\u3000no\u3000ability\u3000for\u3000the\u3000workings\u3000of\u3000cause\u3000and\u3000effect\u3000and\u3000so\u3000forth\u3002
\n
\nEncouragement\u3000to\u3000practice
\n
\nThe\u3000final\u3000stanza\u3000of\u3000the\u3000root\u3000text\u3000reads\uff1a
\n
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000Son\uff1b\u3000when\u3000you\u3000realise\u3000the\u3000keys\u3000of\u3000the\u3000principles\u3000of\u3000the\u3000path\uff1b
\n\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000depend\u3000on\u3000solitude\u3000and\u3000strong\u3000effort\u3000and\u3000quickly\u3000reach\u3000the\u3000final\u3000goal\u3002
\n
\nSo\u3000this\u3000is\u3000an\u3000exhortation\u3000to\u3000engage\u3000in\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000these\u3000three\u3000important\u3000parts\u3000of\u3000spiritual\u3000practice\u3000through\u3000depending\u3000upon\u3000living\u3000in\u3000a\u3000quiet\u3000\u2026\u3000or\u3000living\u3000in\u3000solitude\u3000and\u3000then\u3000exerting\u3000great\u3000effort\u3000with\u3000the\u3000practice\u3000of\u3000these\u3000three\u3000important\u3000points\u3002\u3000’Quickly\u3000reaching\u3000the\u3000final\u3000goal’\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000achieving\u3000the\u3000various\u3000states\u3000of\u3000nirvana\u3002\u3000And\u3000then\u3000we\u3000see\u3000in\u3000the\u3000last\u3000line\u3000in\u3000Tibetan\u3000\uff08but\u3000it\u3000is\u3000the\u3000first\u3000line\u3000in\u3000English\uff09\u3000\u2026\u3000’Son\uff1b\u3000when\u3000you\u3000realise\u3000the\u3000keys’\u3000\u2026\u3000’Son’\u3000here\u3000then\u3000is\u3000a\u3000term\u3000which\u3000refers\u3000to\u3000Ngawang\u3000Drakpa\uff1b\u3000who\u3000was\u3000a\u3000disciple\u3000of\u3000Lama\u3000Tsong\u3000Khapa\uff1b\u3000the\u3000author\u3000of\u3000this\u3000text\uff1b\u3000and\u3000because\u3000he\u3000was\u3000such\u3000a\u3000close\u3000disciple\uff1b\u3000Lama\u3000Tsong\u3000Khapa\u3000referred\u3000to\u3000him\u3000as\u3000being\u3000like\u3000his\u3000child\u3002
\n
\nDedicating\u3000merit
\n
\nSo\u3000then\u3000we\u3000e\u3000to\u3000the\u3000conclusion\u3000of\u3000our\u3000time\u3000together\u3002\u3000I\u3000have\u3000offered\u3000you\u3000this\u3000abbreviated\u3000mentary\u3000on\u3000The\u3000Three\u3000Principal\u3000Aspects\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Path\u3000and\u3000you\u3000have\u3000listened\u3000to\u3000this\uff1b\u3000so\u3000all\u3000of\u3000us\u3000have\u3000gathered\u3000some\u3000positive\u3000potential\uff1b\u3000or\u3000merit\uff1b\u3000and\u3000now\u3000it\u3000is\u3000extremely\u3000important\u3000to\u3000dedicate\u3000this\u3000merit\u3002\u3000So\u3000what\u3000should\u3000be\u3000the\u3000object\u3000towards\u3000which\u3000we\u3000are\u3000dedicating\u3000this\u3000merit\uff1f\u3000So\u3000nowadays\u3000in\u3000the\u3000world\u3000there\u3000are\u3000a\u3000lot\u3000of\u3000problems\uff1b\u3000we\u3000are\u3000living\u3000in\u3000a\u3000very\u3000degenerate\u3000time\uff1b\u3000so\u3000it\u3000would\u3000be\u3000good\u3000if\u3000we\u3000could\u3000direct\u3000our\u3000positive\u3000potential\u3000towards\u3000the\u3000well\u2026being\u3000of\u3000all\u3000other\u3000sentient\u3000beings\uff1b\u3000to\u3000the\u3000joy\u3000and\u3000bliss\u3000of\u3000others\u3002
\n
\nAnd\u3000with\u3000regard\u3000to\u3000the\u3000Buddhadharma\u3000\u2026\u3000which\u3000Shantideva\u3000mentions\u3000in\u3000The\u3000Bodhicaryavatara\u3000is\u3000like\u3000the\u3000cool\u3000nectar\u3000which\u3000quells\u3000the\u3000heat\u3000of\u3000the\u3000sufferings\u3000of\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3000\u2026\u3000then\u3000for\u3000this\u3000holy\u3000Dharma\u3000to\u3000spread\u3000in\u3000the\u3000ten\u3000directions\u3002\u3000And\u3000in\u3000order\u3000for\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000to\u3000spread\u3000in\u3000the\u3000ten\u3000directions\u3000depends\u3000upon\u3000those\u3000who\u3000are\u3000renowned\u3000as\u3000the\u3000upkeepers\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Dharma\uff1b\u3000so\u3000then\u3000we\u3000should\u3000pray\u3000for\u3000the\u3000long\u3000life\u3000of\u3000such\u3000luminaries\u3000as\u3000His\u3000Holiness\u3000the\u3000Dalai\u3000Lama\uff1b\u3000and\u3000the\u3000person\u3000who\u3000is\u3000in\u3000charge\u3000of\u3000all\u3000the\u3000FPMT\u3000centres\uff1b\u3000Lama\u3000Zopa\u3000Rinpoche\uff1b\u3000we\u3000should\u3000pray\u3000for\u3000his\u3000long\u3000life\u3000and\u3000also\u3000that\u3000all\u3000his\u3000exalted\u3000wishes\uff1b\u3000especially\u3000the\u3000building\u3000of\u3000the\u3000huge\u3000Maitreya\u3000statue\uff1b\u3000be\u3000acplished\u3000quickly\uff1b\u3000because\u3000as\u3000you\u3000may\u3000know\uff1b\u3000Rinpoche\u3000has\u3000a\u3000lot\u3000of\u3000obstacles\u3000with\u3000the\u3000building\u3000of\u3000the\u3000statue\uff1b\u3000so\u3000it\u3000would\u3000be\u3000excellent\u3000if\u3000we\u3000could\u3000dedicate\u3000our\u3000positive\u3000potential\u3000towards\u3000fulfilling\u3000Rinpoche’s\u3000wishes\u3002\u3000So\u3000then\u3000in\u3000essence\uff1b\u3000dedicating\u3000the\u3000merit\u3000towards\u3000the\u3000spreading\u3000of\u3000the\u3000Dharma\u3000and\u3000then\u3000in\u3000addition\u3000to\u3000that\u3000to\u3000the\u3000benefit\u3000and\u3000the\u3000bliss\u3000of\u3000all\u3000sentient\u3000beings\u3002\u3000So\u3000it’s\u3000not\u3000that\u3000we\u3000recite\u3000a\u3000prayer\u3000and\u3000then\u3000instantly\u3000everything\u3000bees\u3000fine\uff1b\u3000but\u3000rather\u3000it\u3000may\u3000help\u3000if\u3000we\u3000dedicate\u3000our\u3000positive\u3000potential\u3000in\u3000such\u3000directions\uff1b\u3000so\u3000it’s\u3000an\u3000excellent\u3000practice\u3000if\u3000we\u3000do\u3000that\u3002\u3000And\u3000as\u3000I\u3000mentioned\u3000earlier\u3000then\uff1b\u3000the\u3000dedication\u3000of\u3000merit\u3000is\u3000extremely\u3000important\u3000because\u3000without\u3000it\uff1b\u3000there\u3000is\u3000every\u3000chance\u3000that\u3000we\u3000could\u3000fall\u3000into\u3000some\u3000state\u3000of\u3000negative\u3000emotion\u3000and\u3000then\u3000through\u3000that\uff1b\u3000destroy\u3000our\u3000roots\u3000of\u3000virtue\u3002\u3000So\u3000it’s\u3000important\u3000then\u3000to\u3000continually\u3000make\u3000these\u3000roots\u3000of\u3000virtue\u3000and\u3000merit\uff1b\u3000and\u3000then\u3000to\u3000continually\u3000strive\u3000to\u3000recognise\u3000and\u3000then\u3000abandon\u3000negative\u3000states\u3000of\u3000mind\u3002 ","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

by\u3000Tsongkapa\uff1b\u3000with\u3000a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[13],"class_list":["post-21869","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-13","comments-off"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.7colors.vip\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21869","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.7colors.vip\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.7colors.vip\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.7colors.vip\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.7colors.vip\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=21869"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.7colors.vip\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21869\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.7colors.vip\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=21869"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.7colors.vip\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=21869"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.7colors.vip\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=21869"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}